Chapter 11: Social Cognitive Career Theory

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Bandura postulated that the difference between what people know and how they act is mediated by ______.

A. self-esteem

B. self-concept

C. self-evaluation

D. self-efficacy

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The researchers who first applied Bandura’s theory to career choice were ______.

A. Lent and Brown

B. Hackett and Benz

C. Fouad and Swanson

D. Brown and Savickas

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. An example of a distal influence on contextual affordances would be ______.

A. anxiety about moving for a job

B. financial concerns about paying for college

C. growing up in an impoverished learning environment

D. having a high car payment

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Mia is considering returning to graduate school to finish her MBA but is worried about her financial stability given her recent divorce. In this case, Mia’s worries about her finances represent ______.

A. distal influences

B. proximal influences

C. contextual affordances

D. outcome expectancies

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. In Social Cognitive Career Theory, clients’ barriers to pursuing certain career choices are viewed as ______.

A. subjective

B. objective

C. incorrect

D. accurate

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The overarching goal of which counseling model is “to help clients make a career choice that corresponds reasonably well with their work personality?”

A. Holland’s

B. Super’s

C. social cognitive

D. Gottfredson’s

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Goals of Counseling

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. In SCCT, the question “When will you know that counseling has been successful?” is used to help clients ______.

A. set goals

B. reflect on their feelings

C. interpret assessment data

D. terminate counseling

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Identify Foreclosed Options

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Low self-efficacy is thought to play what role in women’s traditional career choices?

A. It expands career choice to the point of being overwhelming.

B. It limits the range of options.

C. It is responsible for the wage gap between men and women.

D. It is particularly low in the childbearing years.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Addy, an 8-year-old young girl, asks to be enrolled in dance lessons because she has seen a ballerina dance on television. Once enrolled, she finds that she enjoys dance, likes the music, and likes being with her friends. Her parents and teachers praise her for taking dance, and she starts to believe that she is good at dance. Based on the social cognitive model, we can predict that ______.

A. she will continue dancing

B. she will become more skillful as she continues dancing

C. continued performance may gain her more praise

D. all of these

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Rochelle is seeking a counselor who has asked her to use a card sort. Which three piles have the counselor asked Rochelle to make?

A. occupations that are familiar to her, occupations she knows little about, occupations she wants to explore

B. occupations she considered for herself, occupations her teachers encouraged her to consider, occupations that her family encouraged her to consider

C. occupations that meet interests but not financial needs, occupations that meet financial needs but not interests, occupations that would meet both her interests and financial needs

D. occupations she might choose, occupations she would not choose, occupations “in question”

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Identify Foreclosed Options

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. In SCCT, the constructs of gender, race, and disability are all known as ______.

A. background context

B. person inputs

C. culture

D. contextual influences

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introductory Review

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Marc is working with a counselor and has recognized that he has two barriers keeping him from moving forward. Marc realizes he still wants to please his father and that he likes to “play it safe.” The counselor decides to have Marc complete a decisional balance sheet for the careers he is considering. What will Marc focus on in this exercise?

A. positive consequences related to each alternative

B. negative consequences related to each alternative

C. consequences anticipated for themselves and others for both the short and long term

D. all of these

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Identify Barriers and Supports

Difficulty Level: Hard

Essay

1. Briefly describe the three basic tenets of career counseling from a social cognitive framework and for each, give an example.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Directions and Implications for Career Counseling

Difficulty Level: Hard