Chapter 7 Verified Test Bank Blood

Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues, 8e, (Johnson)

Chapter 7 Blood

7.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) All of the following are ways in which blood functions to maintain homeostasis in the human body EXCEPT which one?

A) moving carbon dioxide away from cells following completion of aerobic metabolism

B) conducting action potentials that originate in the nervous system to help with cell-cell communication

C) transporting amino acids and other nutrients derived from digestion to all tissues in the body

D) transporting hormones and other chemical messengers throughout the body from their point of secretion to their targets

E) regulating the pH of body fluids

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

2) About 55% of whole blood is ________, which is/are mostly made up of water.

A) plasma

B) hemoglobin

C) white blood cells

D) clotting proteins

E) hematocrit

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

3) Albumin proteins in human blood function

A) to initiate blood clotting.

B) to transport oxygen to target cells.

C) to maintain blood volume.

D) as electrolytes.

E) to attack foreign organisms that enter the blood.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

4) Albumin, alpha globulin, beta globulin, and gamma globulin are all examples of

A) plasma proteins.

B) antibodies.

C) white blood cells.

D) clotting factors.

E) hormones.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

5) When oxygen availability drops, certain cells in the kidney respond by producing erythropoietin, which in turn stimulates an increase in red blood cells. This cellular response represents

A) the clotting mechanism.

B) negative feedback.

C) positive feedback.

D) the all-or-none response.

E) aerobic metabolism.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

6) Which one of the following is a component of blood plasma?

A) collagen

B) hemoglobin

C) bone

D) water

E) mitochondria

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

7) When the hormone erythropoietin is released in response to low oxygen levels, where is it transported to stimulate red blood cell production?

A) kidney

B) spleen

C) red bone marrow

D) liver

E) throughout plasma

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

8) An increased risk for cardiovascular health problems is associated with

A) an elevated level of hemoglobin.

B) high blood levels of HDLs.

C) decreased production of albumins.

D) high blood levels of LDLs.

E) low blood levels of LDLs.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

9) Which one of the following populations of cells is most markedly increased during bacterial infections?

A) neutrophils

B) red blood cells

C) platelets

D) lymphocytes

E) monocytes

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

10) Histamine is released from which one of the following types of leukocyte to stimulate the inflammatory response?

A) lymphocyte

B) basophil

C) eosinophil

D) neutrophil

E) monocyte

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

11) A damaged red blood cell is removed from circulation by

A) phagocytosis by macrophages in the spleen.

B) basophils releasing histamine to stimulate breakdown of RBCs.

C) returning to red bone marrow and autolyzing.

D) being actively transported into macrophages in the liver and spleen.

E) endocytosis directed by monocytes.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

12) Unlike white blood cells, red blood cells lose their ________ and ________ as they mature.

A) nucleus; organelles

B) nucleus; ATP

C) organelles; plasma membrane

D) nucleolus; cytoplasm

E) flexibility; shape

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

13) A scientist is interested in doing a research project on hemoglobin. From which one of the following could he extract the hemoglobin for his study?

A) globulins

B) white blood cells

C) platelets

D) clotting proteins

E) red blood cells

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G2

14) Removal of the heme group from hemoglobin would result in

A) red blood cells not being able to reproduce.

B) white blood cells not being able to reproduce.

C) an inability for blood to clot.

D) red blood cells not being able to bind oxygen.

E) an inability of the spleen to remove worn-out red blood cells from circulation.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

15) Which one of the following is TRUE regarding deoxyhemoglobin?

A) Deoxyhemoglobin delivers oxygen to tissues that have a high oxygen demand.

B) Deoxyhemoglobin has a bright red color.

C) Deoxyhemoglobin is found in blood returning to the heart from the lower extremities.

D) Deoxyhemoglobin would form in organs with a high concentration of oxygen, such as the lungs.

E) Deoxyhemoglobin is located in white blood cells, unlike oxyhemoglobin.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

16) A researcher wants to produce antibodies by growing cells in the laboratory. What cell population would be necessary to accomplish this?

A) neutrophils

B) monocytes

C) red blood cells

D) lymphocytes

E) eosinophils

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G2

17) When a blood vessel gets damaged, contractions of smooth muscle referred to as ________ help constrict the vessel to reduce blood flow.

A) vascular spasms

B) hemostasis

C) homeostasis

D) formed elements

E) endocytosis

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

18) During the formation of a blood clot, conversion of prothrombin into the enzyme thrombin requires

A) mitochondria.

B) transport of proteins from platelets.

C) calcium ions.

D) leukocytes.

E) albumin.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

19) Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the "recycling" of hemoglobin?

A) The peptide chains are broken down into their constituent fatty acids.

B) The iron atoms are returned to the red bone marrow.

C) The heme groups are converted to urine by the kidneys.

D) The peptide chains are transported intact to the bone marrow for reuse.

E) The heme groups with their iron atoms are transported to the spleen.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

20) A high hematocrit might indicate

A) anemia.

B) too many white blood cells in circulation.

C) inadequate red blood cell production.

D) excessive production of platelets.

E) polycythemia.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

21) Blood doping, practiced by many athletes involved in the Tour de France as well as other sports, involves the illegal use of drugs to

A) increase circulation.

B) increase the amount of oxygen carried in blood.

C) decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in blood.

D) elevate the rate of hemostasis.

E) increase red bone marrow production.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

22) As an erythroblast develops into an erythrocyte, it

A) becomes filled with clotting proteins.

B) begins to manufacture platelets.

C) loses its ability to reproduce.

D) takes on the characteristics of an immature monocyte.

E) undergoes active aerobic metabolism.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

23) Foreign cells that enter the human body have unique cell surface proteins, known as ________, which stimulate the body's defense to attack.

A) leukocytes

B) Rh factors

C) antibodies

D) platelets

E) antigens

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

24) Dead and injured white blood cells are removed from circulation by the

A) spleen.

B) tonsils.

C) red bone marrow.

D) kidney.

E) thymus.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

25) Which one of the following components of blood increase in number in response to the presence of an infectious agent?

A) clotting factors

B) albumins

C) white blood cells

D) red blood cells

E) platelets

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

26) The inflammatory response is initiated by the release of ________ from basophils.

A) histamine

B) hemoglobin

C) clotting factors

D) granulosen

E) erythropoietin

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

27) Blood displays a bright red color when

A) oxygen is released by hemoglobin as blood travels through capillaries.

B) four oxygen molecules bind to hemoglobin to create oxyhemoglobin.

C) plasma albumin levels increase as blood goes through the lungs.

D) carbon dioxide binds to the heme group of hemoglobin.

E) deoxyhemoglobin is formed in blood plasma.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

28) Eosinophils are especially important in defending the human body from infection by

A) bacteria.

B) viruses.

C) molds.

D) large parasites.

E) any type of microorganism.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

29) Which one of the following types of white blood cells is capable of phagocytosis?

A) eosinophils

B) basophils

C) neutrophils

D) B lymphocytes

E) both eosinophils and B lymphocytes

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

30) Which one of the following formed elements in the blood is not a cell but is actually a fragment of a cell?

A) monocyte

B) lymphocyte

C) neutrophil

D) platelet

E) plasma

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

31) Which one of the following occurs first in the process of hemostasis?

A) blood clotting

B) production of fibrin

C) formation of a platelet plug

D) vascular spasm

E) destruction of calcium ions

Topic: Sec. 7.2

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.2

GLO: G1

32) Which one of the following is directly involved in the process of blood clotting?

A) sodium ions

B) antigen

C) fibrin

D) clotting factor XX

E) globulins

Topic: Sec. 7.2

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.2

GLO: G1

33) A physician finds that one of his patients has the following problems: Blood clots very slowly or not at all, and severe bruises result from even the most minor bumps. Which one of the following conditions would likely be diagnosed based on this information?

A) polycythemia

B) hemophilia

C) AIDS

D) anemia

E) mononucleosis

Topic: Sec. 7.2

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.2

GLO: G1

34) Donating blood in the United States

A) requires that the donor be at least age 17.

B) does not involve a physical examination.

C) though beneficial, may take several hours to complete.

D) depends on donors with no prior sexual history.

E) is easy and painless, and many donors are allowed to give 5 to 10 units at a time.

Topic: Health & Wellness

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.4

GLO: G1

35) Which one of the following is a human blood type?

A) E+

B) B-

C) ABO-

D) Rh

E) Rh+

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.3a

GLO: G1

36) If an individual is O+, which of the following antigens are on the surface of his or her red blood cells?

A) O and Rh

B) A, B, and Rh

C) Rh

D) O

E) A and B

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.3a

GLO: G2

37) Which one of the following blood types can a person with blood type B safely receive in a blood transfusion?

A) A

B) B

C) AB

D) O

E) B and O

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.3a

GLO: G2

38) Results of an ABO blood typing indicate agglutination reactions when anti-A and anti-B are added to the blood sample. The blood type of the individual would therefore be

A) A.

B) B.

C) O.

D) AB.

E) Not enough information given to determine blood type.

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.3a

GLO: G1

39) Hemolytic disease of the newborn could result from which one of the following situations?

A) mother is Rh+; fetus is Rh-

B) mother is Rh-; fetus is Rh+

C) mother is Rh+; fetus is Rh+

D) mother is Rh-; fetus is Rh-

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.3b

GLO: G2

40) The development of a blood substitute would be welcomed for all of the following reasons EXCEPT which one?

A) Human blood may carry and transmit infectious agents.

B) Human blood storage requires refrigeration, which might not be available in developing countries.

C) The supply of donated human blood generally cannot keep up with the demand.

D) Transfused blood rarely persists for more than a few days in the recipient.

E) Typing and cross-matching are necessary with human blood, and the right type may not be available.

Topic: Sec. 7.4

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.4

GLO: G1

41)

Based on information in the figure above, why do individuals with kidney disease sometimes become anemic?

A) The diseased kidneys destroy circulating red blood cells.

B) The diseased kidneys do not secrete adequate erythropoietin.

C) Excessive red blood cells are lost in the urine due to leaky filtration in the diseased kidneys.

D) Kidney disease spreads to the bones and interferes with red blood cell production.

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.3b

GLO: G2

42) The Epstein-Barr virus can induce a contagious infection of lymphocytes referred to as

A) toxemia

B) septicemia

C) leukemia

D) anemia

E) mononucleosis

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

7.2 True/False Questions

1) The circulatory and lymphatic systems both serve major transport functions in the body, with contents of the lymphatic system essentially derived from the circulatory system.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.0

GLO: G1

2) The circulatory system's main function is to help maintain homeostasis of body fluids.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

3) Platelets function to engulf foreign cells by phagocytosis.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

4) Blood plasma contains dissolved proteins and hormones.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

5) When drugs such as penicillin are transported in the blood, they are attached to globulins, a type of specialized hemoglobin molecule.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

6) If a person were to stay at high altitudes for a long period of time, his or her hematocrit would increase in order to compensate for the decrease in the amount of oxygen in the air he or she is breathing.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

7) Hemoglobin binds oxygen most efficiently in areas of the body where the pH is low and the concentration of carbon dioxide is high.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

8) Erythropoietin is a hormone secreted by the spleen that results in an increased production of red blood cells.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

9) Unlike red blood cells, white blood cells are capable of leaving blood vessels to enter the tissue fluid between cells.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

10) Most lipids need to be attached to transport proteins to move through blood.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

11) Oxygen, but not carbon dioxide, can bind to the heme group of hemoglobin.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

12) Calcium must activate prothrombin to its enzyme form before it can participate in the clotting mechanism.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.2

GLO: G1

13) It is now possible for parents to bank the umbilical cord blood of their children; the cells in the cord would then be available for use later in the life of the child to treat a genetic disorder or cancer, should it develop.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.0

GLO: G2

14) Mature red blood cells have no nucleus or mitochondria.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.2

GLO: G1

15) An athlete participating in blood doping would be expected to have a low hematocrit.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.2

GLO: G2

16) Most of the time, Rh incompatibility between mother (Rh-) and fetus (Rh+) does not cause fetal health problems with the woman's first pregnancy.

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.3b

GLO: G1

17) Blood substitutes currently being investigated focus on the oxygen-carrying capability of the substitutes as well as their ability to provide defenses similar to those of white blood cells.

Topic: Sec. 7.4

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.4

GLO: G1

18) An individual with hemophilia generally lacks or has very low numbers of platelets.

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

19) Blood poisoning (septicemia) is typically treated with transfusions.

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

7.3 Matching Questions

Determine whether each of the following functions of blood is associated with a component of the blood plasma, the formed elements, or both.

A) blood plasma

B) formed elements

C) both blood plasma and formed elements

1) transport of albumins

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

2) blood clotting

Topic: Sec. 7.1, 7.2

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a, 7.2

GLO: G1

3) transport of carbon dioxide

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

4) fighting infection

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

5) formation of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

6) transport of most of the oxygen

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

Answers: 1) A 2) C 3) C 4) C 5) A 6) B

Match each of the following cells to its description(s). Answers may be used more than once.

A) eosinophil

B) T lymphocyte

C) megakaryocyte

D) B lymphocyte

E) erythrocyte

F) neutrophil

G) monocyte

H) basophil

7) leukocyte that releases histamine to cause an inflammatory response

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

8) filled with hemoglobin

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

9) large white blood cell that leaves the blood to go into body tissue and becomes a macrophage

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

10) the first white blood cell to combat an infection

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

11) remains in the bone marrow but participates in the clotting process

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

12) gives rise to plasma cells, which produce antibodies

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

13) an agranulocyte that targets and then destroys cancer cells and viral-infected cells

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

14) protects the body from parasitic infections

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

15) the most abundant type of white blood cell

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

16) erythropoietin stimulates stem cells to make this type of cell

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

Answers: 7) H 8) E 9) G 10) F 11) C 12) D 13) B 14) A 15) F 16) E

Match each of the following conditions with its description.

A) thrombocytopenia

B) leukemia

C) polycythemia

D) multiple myeloma

E) mononucleosis

F) anemia

17) a condition caused by a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood; may be diagnosed by a low hematocrit

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

18) a blood cancer characterized by overproduction of abnormal or immature white blood cells

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

19) a viral infection of lymphocytes in blood and lymph tissues

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

20) a disorder of the bone marrow, resulting in an unusually large number of red blood cells

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

21) a disorder characterized by bruising and bleeding due to an inadequate number of platelets

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

22) a type of blood cancer characterized by uncontrolled production of abnormal plasma cells

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G1

Answers: 17) F 18) B 19) E 20) C 21) A 22) D

7.4 Short Answer Questions

1) In addition to the circulatory system, the ________ system is also characterized by possessing a series of fluid-filled vessels.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

2) Nutrients are absorbed into the blood from the ________ system.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

3) The largest group of solutes in plasma is made up of ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

4) The fluid portion of blood is known as blood ________; this portion constitutes approximately ________ % of the total blood volume.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

Using the figure above, answer the following question(s).

5) The blood component indicated by A is the ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

6) The blood components in B include ________ and ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.0

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

7) The blood components in C are the ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

8) The most abundant plasma proteins are called ________. They primarily serve to maintain osmotic balance between blood and interstitial fluid.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

9) Monocytes can mature into ________, which are phagocytic cells.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

10) Hemoglobin is most likely to release oxygen to tissues when the pH of tissues is ________ and the temperature is ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

11) Cells located in red bone marrow that give rise to platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells are called ________ cells.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

12) The percentage of red blood cells compared to blood volume is known as the ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

13) The hormone ________, secreted by the ________, stimulates the production of red blood cells when the level of oxygen in the body decreases.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

14) The color changes associated with a healing bruise can be attributed to the breakdown of heme groups to ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

15) The practice by which athletes abuse commercial erythropoietin by injecting it to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is known as ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

16) ________ are the agranular circulating white blood cells also found in lymph nodes.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

17) Granular and agranular describe types of ________ blood cells.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

18) The swelling, itching, and redness associated with injury to a tissue are known as ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

19) Platelets are pieces of cytoplasm and cell membrane derived from ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G1

20) The process by which certain white blood cells can engulf disease-causing organisms and digest them is ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.1b

GLO: G1

21) Fragments of cells that are important in blood clotting are called ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.2

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.2

GLO: G1

22) Vascular spasm, formation of a platelet plug, and coagulation are the three stages of ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.2

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.2

GLO: G1

23) Cell surface proteins that are foreign to the body and therefore cause a response from the immune system are known as ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.3

GLO: G1

24) Proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen are known as ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.3a

GLO: G1

25) In order to be certain that blood transfusions are as safe as possible, medical laboratories use cross-matching to mix small samples of donor blood with recipient ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.3a

GLO: G2

26) In order to prevent the onset of hemolytic disease of the newborn, an Rh- woman who is pregnant with an Rh+ child can be given ________ during pregnancy.

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.3b

GLO: G2

27) The type of anemia that results from a deficiency of vitamin B12 is ________; the type of anemia that results from extreme blood loss is ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G2

28) A condition resulting from a reduction in the number of platelets in the blood is ________.

Topic: Sec. 7.5

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.5

GLO: G2

7.5 Essay Questions

1) Individuals involved in relatively minor accidents may suffer cuts and bruises but generally do not suffer from excessive blood loss. What features does blood possess that limit blood loss during minor accidents?

Topic: Sec. 7.2

Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding

LO: 7.2

GLO: G2

2) Humans may have one of four different blood types — A, B, AB, or O. Explain why a person with type O blood is referred to as the "universal donor" yet can receive blood only from other individuals with type O blood.

Topic: Sec. 7.3

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.3a

GLO: G5

3) If red bone marrow can be surgically removed from an individual, what would happen to that person in terms of the formed elements of the blood?

Topic: Sec. 7.1

Bloom's: Applying/Analyzing

LO: 7.1a

GLO: G5