Chapter 5 Digestive System Test Questions & Answers nan

Medical Language for Modern Health Care, 4e (Allan)

Chapter 5 Digestive System

1) Gastroenterology is the study of

A) weight loss

B) dietetics

C) the liver, pancreas, stomach, intestines

D) the stomach and intestines

E) the anus and rectum

2) Which of the following terms mean pertaining to the liver?

A) renal

B) hepatic

C) cardiac

D) hepatocellular

E) hepatitis

3) Starting from the mouth, the four parts of the alimentary canal, in order, are

A) esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine

B) stomach, esophagus, pharynx, and small intestine

C) pharynx, large intestine, small intestine, and esophagus

D) small intestine, stomach, large intestine, and liver

E) liver, gallbladder, stomach, and large intestine

4) Food elements are transported by the body's cells via the

A) pancreas

B) salivary glands

C) cell membrane

D) blood and lymphatics

E) liver

5) Which of the following terms means treatment of obesity?

A) Alimentary

B) Bariatric

C) Mastication

D) Elimination

E) Deglutition

6) Professionals who prevent and treat illness by promoting healthy eating habits are called: ________.

7) Which of the following is NOT considered an organ of the alimentary canal?

A) Mouth

B) Pharynx

C) Gallbladder

D) Esophagus

E) Stomach

8) The alimentary canal and accessory organs are a(n)

A) organelle

B) cell

C) tissue

D) organ

E) system

9) The small and large intestines are part of the ________ system.

10) Which of the following terms, meaning the tube linking the pharynx and the stomach, is spelled correctly?

A) Esofogus

B) Esophagis

C) Esofagis

D) Esophoges

E) Esophagus

11) Which of the following terms means pertaining to the digestive tract?

A) Alimentary

B) Esophageal

C) Gastric

D) Intestinal

E) Segmental

12) The term masticate means to

A) bite

B) chew

C) swallow

D) digest

E) eliminate

13) A synonym for swallowing is

A) deglutition

B) mastication

C) regurgitation

D) emesis

E) reflux

14) The Roux-en-Y procedure is used to treat

A) glossodynia

B) obesity

C) dysphagia

D) hiatal hernia

E) esophageal varices

15) The correct term that means removal of waste products is

A) deglutition

B) mastication

C) elimination

D) secretion

E) absorption

16) The suffix in the term defecation means

A) away from

B) process

C) pertaining to

D) a condition

E) resembling

17) The term that refers to any small projection is ________, and its plural is ________.

A) palate; palates

B) papila; papillas

C) papilla; papillae

D) plaque; plaques

E) pulp; pulpes

18) The normal adult has ________ teeth.

A) 16

B) 24

C) 28

D) 32

E) 38

19) The roof of the mouth is called the ________.

20) Which tooth structure is the hardest substance in the body?

A) Dentin

B) Enamel

C) Pulp

D) Root canal

E) Crown

21) Which of the following is the best definition of an incisor?

A) A tooth with one point

B) A tooth with two points

C) A tooth for grinding food

D) An underdeveloped tooth

E) A chisel-shaped tooth

22) The ________ moves food around your mouth and helps the cheeks, lips, and gums hold the food in place while you chew it.

23) The term chyme means

A) a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas

B) a semifluid, partially digested food passed from the stomach into the duodenum

C) a sticky secretion of mucous membranes

D) indigestion caused by regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus

E) an inflammation of the lining of the stomach

24) Which of the following terms means an inflammatory condition of the gums?

A) Sublingual

B) Periodontal

C) Gingivitis

D) Dental calculus

E) Glossodynia

25) Which term containing a prefix, root, and suffix means pertaining to under the tongue?

A) Parotid

B) Salivary

C) Enteric

D) Sublingual

E) Submandibular

26) Read this selection: A patient has Sjögren Syndrome, an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce saliva and tears. This leads to dry mouth and dry eyes. Which of the following statements best describes a patient with this syndrome?

A) The patient's sense of taste is compromised because the taste buds do not function properly

B) The patient has difficulty sweating leading to abnormally high body temperatures

C) The patient has difficulty swallowing food

D) The patient's eyesight is poor, eventually leading to blindness

E) The patient will recover from the disease because it is self-limiting.

27) Which of the following terms has a prefix meaning two?

A) Triglyceride

B) Bicuspid

C) Monosaccharide

D) Periodontal

E) Polysaccharide

28) Which of the following terms end in a suffix meaning enzyme?

A) Bolus

B) Peristalsis

C) Secretion

D) Lipase

E) Buccinators

29) Which term containing a prefix, root, and suffix means pertaining to around a tooth?

A) Gingival

B) Circumoral

C) Periodontal

D) Leukoplakia

E) Orthodontist

30) Read this selection: Glossodynia is a painful burning sensation of the tongue. It occurs in postmenopausal women. Its cause is unknown, and there is no successful treatment. Which of the following statements best describes this condition?

A) It occurs during the childbearing period.

B) Its cause is well understood.

C) It is a complication of viral infections.

D) It happens in women who no longer have periods.

E) Antibiotics will clear it up.

31) Which of the following terms has a word element meaning white?

A) Lysozyme

B) Hematemesis

C) Cyanosis

D) Aphthous ulcer

E) Leukoplakia

32) The definition of the term halitosis is

A) a painful, burning tongue

B) a bad odor of the breath

C) an infection with Candida albicans

D) a bacterial destruction of teeth

E) a regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus

33) The term that means bacterial destruction of the teeth is

A) thrush

B) pyorrhea

C) caries

D) canker

E) abscess

34) A dental calculus is also known as ________.

35) The structure that closes so that food cannot enter the larynx and trachea is the ________.

36) ________ is the Latin word for an opening through a structure and is the opening through the diaphragm for the ________.

A) Hiatus and esophagus

B) Hyatus and esaphogis

C) Hiatis and esophogus

D) Hiatal and esophageal

E) Hyatis and esaphogus

37) A male patient was admitted to the hospital because he was vomiting bright red blood. Which of the following terms would be used to document this fact in the patient's chart?

A) Hemorrhoid

B) Hematemesis

C) Regurgitation

D) Hematochezia

E) Melena

38) Which of the following terms means protrusion of a structure through the tissue that normally contains it?

A) Perforation

B) Intussusception

C) Hernia

D) Varices

E) Reflux

39) Which of the following terms has a word element that means after?

A) Regurgitation

B) Postprandial

C) Pyorrhea

D) Sublingual

E) Periodontics

40) The virus that causes cold sores is abbreviated

A) HSV-1

B) HIV

C) RSV

D) SSA

E) ESR

41) The term that means pertaining to the stomach is

A) gastric

B) cecal

C) alimentary

D) gastral

E) gastreal

42) The general term used to describe a group of diseases in which intestinal uptake of nutrients is impaired is

A) constipation

B) lactose intolerance

C) impaired glucose tolerance

D) malabsorption syndromes

E) dysentery

43) A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes through the

A) esophagus

B) diaphragm

C) umbilicus

D) pyloric sphincter

E) epiglottis

44) A patient was admitted to the hospital with dilated, tortuous veins in the esophagus. The term for this condition is

A) esophagitis

B) varicose esophagus

C) esophageal varices

D) gastroesophageal reflux

E) hiatal hernia

45) The RD in GERD stands for

A) registered dietician

B) retrograde dilation

C) regurgitative destruction

D) roux-en-Y disease

E) reflux disease

46) The adjective form of varix, meaning a dilated, tortuous vein, is

A) Varices

B) Varical

C) Varicose

D) Varigeal

E) Varigous

47) The medical term for an "upset stomach" with epigastric pain, nausea, and gas is

A) dysphagia

B) deglutition

C) dyspepsia

D) dyslexia

E) canker

48) What is the classification of medication that suppresses gastric acid secretion in the lining of the stomach by blocking the secretion of gastric acid from the cells into the lumen of the stomach? Examples include Omeprazole (Prilosec) and Lansoprazole (Prevacid). ________

49) Which of the following terms means an examination of the contents of the abdomen using an endoscope?

A) Laparoscopy

B) Celioscopy

C) Gastroscopy

D) Abdomenoscopy

E) Enteroscopy

50) Starting from the pylorus, the segments of the small intestine, in order, are

A) ileum, jejunum, and duodenum

B) jejunum, duodenum, and ileum

C) jejunum, ileum, and duodenum

D) duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

E) duodenum, cecum, and ileum

51) The classification of medications, taken orally, to neutralize gastric acid and relieve heartburn are ________.

52) The interior space of a tube-like structure is called a ________.

53) Which of the following sets of singular terms followed by its plural form is correct?

A) Villus; villi

B) Viscus; viscusses

C) Varix; varixes

D) Lipid; lipides

E) Diverticulum; diverticulums

54) What is the name of the disorder affecting the small intestine in which one is allergic to gluten?

55) Which of the following terms means an inflammation of the stomach and intestines?

A) Malnutrition

B) Dyspepsia

C) Stomatitis

D) Gastroenteritis

E) Gastrointestitis

56) Which of the following terms, containing a combining form, root, and suffix, refers to a condition involving the liver?

A) Hepatitis

B) Cholestatic

C) Hemochromatosis

D) Glycemic

E) Triglyceride

57) Which of the following terms means yellow staining of tissues with bile pigments, including bilirubin?

A) Icterus

B) Hemoglobin

C) Glycosuria

D) Hemoglobinuria

E) Hemochromatosis

58) Which of the following terms, meaning conversion of protein and fats into glucose, is spelled correctly?

A) glycogeneosis

B) gluconeaginisis

C) glyconeogenusus

D) gluconeogenesis

E) glyconeugenisis

59) The largest internal organ in the body is the

A) pancreas

B) liver

C) kidney

D) stomach

E) gallbladder

60) Bile is secreted by the ________ into the ________.

A) pancreas; stomach

B) gallbladder; jejunum

C) stomach; duodenum

D) liver; duodenum

E) gallbladder; duodenum

61) A disease, most frequently caused by alcoholism, in which normal liver cells are replaced with hard, fibrous scar tissue is ________.

62) Hemolytic jaundice results from ________ of red blood cells and release of excess ________.

A) increased size; bilirubin

B) decreased production; hemoglobin

C) increased production; globulin

D) decreased destruction; ALT

E) increased destruction; bilirubin

63) The root in the term hepatitis means

A) inflammation

B) a condition

C) blood

D) liver

E) gallbladder

64) The H in HAV, HBV, and HCV stands for

A) herpes

B) hepatitis

C) human

D) hemoglobin

E) hemolytic

65) The adjective form of the term bile is

A) biliary

B) bilious

C) biliate

D) bilbous

E) bilient

66) Which of the following terms means stopping the flow of bile?

A) Cirrhosis

B) Cholestatic

C) Cholesterol

D) Choledocholithiasis

E) Cholecystitis

67) Which of the following abbreviations is an acronym for a group of lab tests used to measure how well the liver is functioning?

A) ESR

B) AST

C) LFT

D) SSA

E) BP

68) What is the meaning of the term hepatocellular?

A) A condition of liver cells

B) Pertaining to liver cells

C) Pertaining to blood making cells

D) Pertaining to production of liver cells

E) A condition of blood cell destruction

69) The term that refers to the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is ________.

70) A patient was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of gallstones. The medical term for this condition is

A) cholelithiasis

B) choledocholithiasis

C) choledocholithosis

D) cholethosis

E) cholecystitis

71) Which of the following abbreviations refers to a nonsurgical procedure that can be used to remove gallstones?

A) ERCP

B) ESWL

C) ESR

D) LFT

E) ESBL

72) Two words that describe the function of the pancreas and are opposite in meaning are

A) monosaccharide and polysaccharide

B) exocrine and endocrine

C) inferior and superior

D) intracellular and extracellular

E) pepsin and trypsin

73) ________ is the medical term for inflammation of the pancreas.

74) Which of the following terms containing a prefix, root, and suffix means the same as a starch?

A) Monoglyceride

B) Monosaccharide

C) Polysaccharide

D) Glycolysis

E) Glycogenolysis

75) The suffix that is used to form the names of enzymes is

A) -ic

B) -al

C) -ase

D) -ous

E) –ion

76) Which of the following terms that is synonymous with regional enteritis is spelled correctly?

A) Krown's disease

B) Chron's disease

C) Crone's disease

D) Crohn's disease

E) Crown's disease

77) Which of the following terms means abnormally frequent and loose stools?

A) Constipation

B) Diarrhea

C) Dysentery

D) Gastroenteritis

E) Celiac disease

78) The medical term sigmoid is formed from a word element that means

A) Around

B) Shaped like a circle

C) C-shaped

D) S-Shaped

E) Straight

79) The B in BM stands for

A) bolus

B) bowel

C) bulimia

D) barium

E) bilirubin

80) A synonym for bend is

A) reflux

B) flexure

C) fracture

D) fixation

E) vermiform

81) The functions of the large intestine are absorption, secretion, digestion, peristalsis and ________.

82) The acronym for an increasingly common disorder of the large intestine, presenting with crampy pains, gas, and changes in bowel health to either diarrhea or constipation, with an unknown cause, is

A) GERD

B) BM

C) IBS

D) IBD

E) DRE

83) The medical condition in which one part of the bowel slips inside another part, thereby causing an obstruction is

A) proctitis

B) gastrocolic reflex

C) ulcerative colitis

D) intussusception

E) diverticulosis

84) The test to detect the presence of blood not visible to the naked eye is

A) fecal occult blood test

B) barium enema

C) colonoscopy

D) digital rectal exam

E) anoscopy

85) Which of the following terms means a procedure for removing a mass of tissue projecting into the bowel?

A) Hemorrhoidectomy

B) Polypectomy

C) Cystectomy

D) Appendectomy

E) Diverticulectomy

86) The medical term enema means

A) removal of a specific part of an organ

B) pertaining to a finger or toe

C) a surgically made union between two tubular structures

D) the use of an endoscope

E) injection of fluid into the rectum

87) A colostomy results in an artificial opening from the ________ to the ________.

A) esophagus; stomach

B) stomach; large intestine

C) large intestine; outside of the body

D) stomach; outside of the body

E) small intestine; outside of the body

88) The medical term for the passage of bright red bloody stools; usually indicative of lower GI bowel bleeding from the sigmoid colon, rectum or anus is ________.

89) A patient presents in the emergency room (ER) complaining of right upper quadrant pain. The physician notes a positive Murphy's sign on physical examination. This finding is most indicative of

A) intolerance to gluten

B) twisting of the intestines

C) slippage of one part of the bowel into another

D) inflammation of the gallbladder

E) inflammation of the liver

90) A patient with cholelithiasis has pale-colored stools. The nurse attributes the cause to be

A) the inability to utilize bilirubin

B) the inability of bilirubin to enter the duodenum

C) the inability to breakdown bilirubin

D) the inability to conjugate bilirubin

E) the inability to form bilirubin

91) A patient with chronic cirrhosis of the liver presents with ascites which is caused by

A) enlargement of the liver

B) blockage of the blood flow through the portal vein

C) difficulty in passing stool

D) pressure on the aorta

E) malnutrition

92) A dietician has been consulted to work with Mrs. Jones, a 50 year old patient with cholelithiasis. The dietician educates Mrs. Jones on adhering to a diet that reduces the

A) grams of protein consumed per day to 30.

B) grams of carbohydrates consumed per day to 95.

C) consumption of alcohol to three drinks/week

D) consumption of sodium to 1000 mg per day

E) consumption of foods high in cholesterol

93) A patient with pancreatitis has severe abdominal pain. The cause of the pain is

A) the buildup of trypsin and its digestion of parts of the pancreas

B) the swollen pancreas being pressed up against other organs

C) reduced blood flow to the pancreas

D) formation of blood clots within the pancreas

E) the damage to surrounding nerves from pancreatic enzymes

94) All of the following food items should be eliminated in the diet of a patient with celiac disease EXCEPT

A) vegetable barley soup

B) whole wheat bread

C) potato chips

D) beer

E) rye crackers

95) Patients with malabsorption syndromes, such as Celiac disease, typically experience neuropathy. The cause of the neuropathy is due to

A) loss of electrolytes such as potassium and sodium

B) high levels of sugar in the blood

C) breakdown of blood causing excess levels of bilirubin

D) vitamin B12 deficiency due to the lack of intrinsic factor

E) intolerance of lactose

96) Vomiting coffee grounds-like material is usually indicative of

A) bleeding from a lower GI source

B) bleeding from an upper GI source

C) increased secretion of mucin

D) an inflammation of the pancreas

E) an inflammation of the gallbladder

97) The medical term which means pertaining to underneath the jaw is

A) hypoglossal

B) supramaxillary

C) submandibular

D) sublingual

E) hypomandibular

98) Which of the following suffixes, when added to the root/combining form herni/o-, makes a medical word which means suture of a hernia?

A) -tomy

B) -ectomy

C) -plasty

D) -rrhaphy

E) –rrhexis

99) Which statement about the relationship between peptic ulcers and the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is correct?

A) H. pylori does not respond to antibiotics in the treatment of peptic ulcers.

B) H. pylori causes an increased production of hydrochloric acid

C) Patients with peptic ulcers caused by H. pylori are more prone to develop gastric cancer

D) H. pylori bacteria produce enzymes that weaken the protective mucus in the stomach

E) Patients with H. pylori will eventually require a gastrectomy to treat peptic ulcers

100) A condition caused by dangerously high levels of iron in the body with deposition of iron pigments in tissues is

A) cirrhosis

B) cystic fibrosis

C) celiac disease

D) hemochromatosis

E) hemolytic jaundice

101) A diagnostic procedure in which the bile ducts are x-rayed after injection or ingestion of a contrast medium is called a(n)

A) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

B) cholangiography

C) barium swallow

D) esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

E) laparoscopy

102) The type of jaundice which occurs in newborns as a result of blood group incompatibility is

A) breast milk jaundice

B) physiologic jaundice

C) hemolytic jaundice

D) hemochromolytic jaundice

E) wilson disease

103) An inherited disease affecting the exocrine glands in multiple body systems is

A) cystic fibrosis

B) celiac disease

C) crohn disease

D) sjögren syndrome

E) wilson disease

104) The prefix in the word exocrine means

A) within

B) secrete

C) gland

D) hormone

E) outward

105) The root in the word polysaccharide means

A) starch

B) sugar

C) protein

D) many

E) cysts

106) The milky fluid that results from the digestion and absorption of fats into the small intestine is called

A) bolus

B) lipids

C) chyle

D) melena

E) chyme

107) Gas or air expelled through the anus is called ________.

108) The word anus is derived from the Latin meaning

A) Colon

B) Straight

C) Ring

D) Sausage

E) Slit

109) An abnormal passage that forms between the anal canal and the skin outside the anus is called an anal ________.

110) The plural form of the term diverticulum is

A) diverticulums

B) diverticulae

C) diverticuli

D) diverticules

E) diverticula

111) The presence of small pouches bulging outward through weak spots in the lining of the large intestine is a condition known as

A) ulcerative colitis

B) hemorrhoids

C) diverticulosis

D) intussusception

E) irritable bowel syndrome

112) Which of the following terms refers to an inflammation of the lining of the rectum?

A) Rectitis

B) Anitis

C) Colitis

D) Proctitis

E) Diverticulitis

113) The passage of black tarry stools, which usually indicates upper GI bleeding, is called

A) hematochezia

B) hematemesis

C) occult blood

D) hemofecal

E) melena

114) The term panendoscopy is made of the following word elements

A) suffix+ prefix+ root

B) suffix+ two root/combining forms

C) root/combining form+ two suffixes

D) two prefixes+ suffix

E) suffix+ prefix

115) The plural form of the term anastomosis is

A) anastomosum

B) anastomoses

C) anastomosos

D) anastomosa

E) anastomosae

116) Select the correct spelling for the term that means a surgical procedure that joins two tubular structures.

A) Anastomosos

B) Anestomoses

C) Anestomosas

D) Anastomosis

E) Anistimosis

117) An artificial opening from the ileum to the outside of the body is called a(n) ________.

118) An instrument that can be used to visually examine the S-shaped portion of the large intestine is a(n)

A) gastroscope

B) sigmoidoscope

C) anoscope

D) ileoscope

E) proctoscope

119) The physician suspects that the patient is bleeding from the GI tract although the patient states that no blood is visible in the stool. Which test would be most appropriate initially to detect blood concealed within stool?

A) Barium enema

B) Nasogastric aspiration

C) Digital rectal exam

D) Colonoscopy

E) Hemoccult

120) The medical term stomatitis refers to a(n)

A) inflammation of the gums

B) infection of the teeth

C) inflammation of the tongue

D) swelling of the tongue

E) infection of the mouth

121) The suffix in the medical term pyorrhea means

A) pus

B) bursting forth

C) flow

D) fire

E) rupture

122) The physician has documented that a patient complains of postprandial burning chest pain. Your interpretation of this statement is that the patient experiences pain

A) immediately before eating a meal

B) immediately after eating a meal

C) during the meal

D) when eating cold foods

E) when eating hot foods

123) The medical term that means backward flow is

A) reflux

B) regurgitation

C) deglutition

D) emesis

E) prolapse

124) The root in the term dyspepsia means

A) difficult, bad

B) condition

C) swallowing

D) eating

E) digestion

125) A severe lack of appetite or an aversion to food is called ________.

126) A disruption in normal peristaltic activity in the small intestine, caused by a bowel obstruction or by intestinal paralysis, is called a(n)

A) intussusception

B) gastroenteritis

C) ileus

D) adenocarcinoma

E) irritable bowel syndrome

127) The medical term that means surgical incision to remove of one or more gallstones is:

A) cholecystectomy

B) cholelithotomy

C) cholelithiasis

D) cholelithectomy

E) choledocholithectomy

128) In the medical term choledocholithiasis, the root/combining form means

A) common bile duct

B) gallbladder

C) hepatic duct

D) pancreatic duct

E) cystic duct

129) The medical term defecation means

A) to store feces in the large intestine

B) to pass feces through the small intestine

C) to pass feces through the rectum and anus

D) difficulty in passing feces

E) the inability to control the passage of feces

130) The medical term referring to a deep furrow or cleft and derived from the Latin meaning slit is a

A) fistula

B) polyp

C) hemorrhoid

D) fissure

E) stoma

131) The classification of medications used to treat nausea and vomiting are

A) Antidiarrheals

B) Laxatives

C) Antiemetics

D) PPIs

E) H2 blockers