Chapter 2 Neuroscience And Biological Foundations Test Bank

Real World Psychology, 3e (Sanderson)

Chapter 2 Neuroscience and Biological Foundations

1) A neuron is ________.

A) the part of a nerve cell that receives information

B) the part of a nerve cell that sends information

C) a cell of the nervous system that creates energy

D) a cell of the nervous system responsible for receiving, integrating, and transmitting electrochemical information

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

2) The basic microscopic cells that comprise your nervous system are the ________.

A) neurons

B) neurotransmitters

C) synapses

D) myelin

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

3) The most basic function of a neuron is to ________.

A) maintain the structure of the brain

B) connect the spine with the hands and feet

C) release chemicals into the bloodstream

D) transmit electrochemical signals

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

4) What is the part of the neuron that performs cleanup tasks, supply oxygen and nutrients, and insulates one neuron from another so that neural messages do not get "scrambled"?

A) soma

B) dendrites

C) axons

D) glial cells

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

5) The three basic parts of the neuron can be likened to an arm, where the fingers represent the ________; the palm of the hand represents the ________; and the forearm represents the ________.

A) dendrites; myelin; axon terminal

B) somas; cell body; dendrite

C) receivers; generator; transmitter

D) dendrites; cell body; axon

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Analysis

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

6) The branching neuron fiber structures that receive signals from other neurons and convey impulses toward the cell body are called ________.

A) myelin sheaths

B) axon buttons

C) dendrites

D) nerves

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

7) The long tube-like structure that conveys impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons, muscles, or glands is called a(n) ________.

A) dendrite

B) soma

C) myelin sheath

D) axon

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

8) The part of the neuron that receives information from other neurons is called ________, and the part of the neuron that carries the information away toward other neurons is called the ________.

A) soma; axon

B) dendrite; axon

C) axon; dendrite

D) dendrite; soma

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

9) Which of the following is the part of the neuron that contain tiny vesicles from which chemicals called neurotransmitters are released?

A) terminal buttons

B) dendrites

C) somas

D) glial cells

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

10) The message that travels along an axon of a neuron is called a(n) ________.

A) neurotransmission

B) action potential

C) myelination

D) resting charge

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

11) One important difference between a myelinated and bare, or unmyelinated, axon is ________.

A) the neural impulse is faster in the myelinated axon

B) the neural impulse is faster in the bare axon

C) only the bare axons have nodes of Ranvier

D) the bare axons are heavier

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Analysis

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

12) Communication within neurons is ________, whereas communication between neurons is ________.

A) electrical; chemical

B) unmyelinated; myelinated

C) chemical; electrical

D) very slow; very fast

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

13) If a person has multiple sclerosis, that individual's myelin sheaths will ________.

A) deteriorate

B) extend past the axon and cover the cell bodies

C) experience a greater threshold of excitation

D) become receptive to more types of neurotransmitters

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

14) The fatty insulation surrounding the axon of some neurons that increases the rate at which impulses travel down the axon is called ________.

A) a myelin sheath

B) a dendrite

C) an axon termination

D) an oligodendrocyte

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

15) An impulse travels through the structures of the neuron in which order?

A) cell body, terminal buttons, axon, dendrites

B) terminal buttons, cell body, dendrites, axon

C) dendrites, cell body, axon, terminal buttons

D) axon, cell body, terminal buttons, dendrites

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

16) Which of the following statements is true of the cell body?

A) It receives information from axons.

B) It is also known as the soma.

C) It contains sensory receptors.

D) It releases neurotransmitters.

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

17) The myelin sheath is a ________.

A) protein membrane that increases the electrical receptivity of axons

B) fatty substance that collects inside axons, slowing the rate of an action potential

C) fatty insulation wrapped around some axons that increases speed of neural impulses

D) protein that converts food into energy within the nucleus of a neuron

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

18) The very ends of an axon are called ________.

A) dendrites

B) terminal buttons

C) somas

D) mitochondria

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

19) What part(s) of the neuron receive(s) incoming messages from other cells?

A) axons and cell body

B) myelin sheath and dendrites

C) dendrites and cell body

D) terminal button and axons

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

20) Communication from our senses (sight, sound, touch, etc.) to neurons is ________.

A) electrical

B) caused by hardening of the cell membrane

C) both electrical and chemical

D) chemical

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

21) Communication between two neurons is ________.

A) electrical

B) caused by hardening of the cell membrane

C) both electrical and chemical

D) chemical

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

22) What happens when a neurotransmitter attempts to bind into a receptor site for which it has the wrong shape?

A) The receptor will be activated negatively, inhibiting its functions.

B) The receptor will be activated positively, activating its functions.

C) Nothing. The receptor will not "accept" that neurotransmitter.

D) The receptor will be activated but will not create a complete action potential.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

23) Which of the following statements is true about neurotransmitters?

A) They are released from vesicles in the terminal button of a neuron.

B) They are responsible for electrical communication within a neuron.

C) They are part of the powerhouse of a neuron.

D) They are the way that the cell body communicates with the axons and dendrites.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

24) Chemical messengers that are released by axons and stimulate dendrites on another neuron are called ________.

A) hormones

B) neurotransmitters

C) synaptic transmitters

D) neuromessengers

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

25) An action potential is ________.

A) the likelihood that a neuron will take action when stimulated

B) the tendency for a neuron to be potentiated by neurotransmitters

C) a neural impulse that carries information along the axon of a neuron

D) the firing of a nerve, either toward or away from the brain

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

26) A synapse is the ________.

A) gap between the brain and the skull that contains cerebrospinal fluid and is frequently impinged upon when a concussion occurs

B) tiny opening between the axon tip of one neuron and the dendrite or soma of the receiving neuron

C) vesicle that contains neurotransmitters and hormones, and can release one or both depending on the cell

D) place where neurotransmitters exchange ionic molecules in both an active and passive process

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

27) Which of the following is the most accurate statement about neurotransmitters?

A) They are chemicals that cross the synaptic gap between neurons.

B) They are surrounded by a myelin sheath that protects them.

C) They can only deliver excitatory messages to other neurons.

D) They can only deliver inhibitory messages to other neurons.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

28) What type(s) of messages can one neuron deliver to another?

A) excitatory but not inhibitory

B) only inhibitory

C) both excitatory and inhibitory

D) neural impulses that are excitatory

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

29) What does a neuron do if it receives both inhibitory and excitatory impulses from neighboring neurons at the same time?

A) It fires as a result of the excitatory impulses.

B) It does not fire as a result of the inhibitory impulses.

C) It fires if there are more excitatory than inhibitory impulses.

D) It does not fire if the excitatory outnumber the inhibitory impulses.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

30) Your body has designed a traffic signal for action potentials traveling from one neuron to another. In this system, a red light represents ________.

A) an excitatory neurotransmitter

B) an inhibitory neurotransmitter

C) a combination of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters

D) a hormonal neuromodulator

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

31) When there is leftover neurotransmitter in the synaptic gap, which of the following is one of the processes that can occur?

A) The leftover neurotransmitter will decay and become toxic.

B) The process of reuptake occurs.

C) The receiving neuron fires for a longer period of time.

D) The sending neuron fires for a long period of time.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

32) An ________ mimics the effects of a neurotransmitter, whereas a(n) ________ blocks the action of a neurotransmitter.

A) agonist; antagonist

B) antagonist; agonist

C) agonist; toxin

D) antagonist; toxin

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

33) A substance that binds to receptors and mimics or enhances the effect of neurotransmitters is called an ________.

A) agonist

B) antagonist

C) excitatory modulator

D) inhibitory modulator

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

34) In the lock-and-key analogy for neurotransmitters, the lock refers to the ________, whereas the key refers to the ________.

A) dendrite receptors; shape of the neurotransmitter

B) shape of the neurotransmitter; dendrite receptors

C) axon receptors; shape of the neurotransmitter

D) vesicles inside the axon; dendrite receptors

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

35) ________ is associated with Parkinson's disease, whereas ________ is associated with certain forms of schizophrenia.

A) Too much serotonin; too much dopamine

B) Too little dopamine; too much serotonin

C) Too little dopamine; too much dopamine

D) Too much dopamine; too little dopamine

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

36) If you run a marathon, your body is likely to release which of the following to elevate your mood and reduce your pain?

A) lactic acid

B) epinephrine

C) norepinephrine

D) endorphins

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

37) Endogenous opioid peptides are called ________.

A) neurotransmitters

B) endorphins

C) morphine

D) curare

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

38) Which neurotransmitter affects emotional states, dreaming, and temperature regulation, among other behaviors?

A) acetylcholine

B) dopamine

C) GABA

D) serotonin

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

39) Which neurotransmitter is suspected of playing a role in Alzheimer's disease?

A) acetylcholine

B) dopamine

C) GABA

D) norepinephrine

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

40) Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in dreaming, attention, arousal, and learning?

A) morphine

B) endorphins

C) norepinephrine

D) GABA

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

41) Which neurotransmitter's major role is in inhibitory messages?

A) acetylcholine

B) dopamine

C) GABA

D) norepinephrine

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

42) The development of depressive symptoms is related to lowered levels of ________.

A) acetylcholine

B) glutamate

C) GABA

D) serotonin

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

43) Which neurotransmitter is involved in the metabolism of glucose necessary for energy release?

A) epinephrine

B) acetylcholine

C) GABA

D) serotonin

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

44) Which of the following might Jeff be experiencing if he has abnormally high levels of norepinephrine?

A) depression

B) agitated, manic states

C) Alzheimer's disease

D) decreased anxiety

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

45) Which neurotransmitter is involved in addiction and reward?

A) epinephrine

B) dopamine

C) GABA

D) serotonin

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

46) The collection of glands found throughout the body that manufacture and secrete hormones into the bloodstream is the ________.

A) nervous system

B) alimentary system

C) endocrine system

D) excretory system

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

47) Which of these is a component of the endocrine system?

A) the amygdala

B) the corpus callosum

C) the adrenal gland

D) the optic chiasm

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

48) Which of the following is associated with the endocrine system?

A) the hypothalamus

B) the olfactory bulb

C) the thalamus

D) the cerebellum

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

49) The general name for chemicals that are manufactured by endocrine glands and circulated in the bloodstream to change or maintain bodily functions is ________.

A) neuromodulators

B) neurotrophic factors

C) hormones

D) neurotransmitters

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

50) Your text presented an analogy suggesting that neurotransmission at the synapse is like ________, whereas hormonal communication is like ________.

A) a drug; a vitamin

B) an individual e-mail; a global e-mail

C) writing; speaking

D) the Internet; television

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Analysis

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

51) Which of the following might be happening to Violet if she is under stress because her uncle and her nephew both died the same week?

A) Her adrenal glands are secreting cortisol in response to the stress.

B) Her brain is making more serotonin.

C) Her dopamine levels may increase and make her susceptible to addiction.

D) The level of GABA will increase and cause her to feel anxious.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

52) Which of the following is identified as a function of the endocrine system?

A) help with regulation of emotional development

B) maintain cognitive functioning

C) control of the body's response to emergencies

D) control of memory functions

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

53) Which of the following chemicals does the body use as both a hormone and neurotransmitter?

A) serotonin

B) epinephrine

C) dopamine

D) acetylcholine

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

54) The thyroid gland is most closely associated with ________.

A) control of the stress response

B) regulation of metabolism

C) triggering sexual maturation

D) regulating the sleep-wake cycle

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

55) Which of these is considered to be a major stress hormone?

A) estrogen

B) testosterone

C) cortisol

D) melatonin

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

56) The two major branches of the nervous system are the ________.

A) anterior and posterior nervous systems

B) central and peripheral nervous systems

C) chemical and mechanical nervous systems

D) brain and spinal cord

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

57) The central nervous system consists of the ________.

A) brain and spinal cord

B) adrenal and pineal glands

C) automatic and controlled nervous systems

D) peripheral and autonomic nervous system.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

58) The difference between neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is that ________.

A) damage to the PNS neurons is more often fatal

B) neurons in the PNS can regenerate

C) damage to PNS neurons is usually irreversible

D) neurons in the CNS are less likely to regenerate

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Analysis

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

59) The brain's ability to reorganize and change its structure and function throughout the life span is known as ________.

A) neurogenesis

B) neuroplasticity

C) neurokinesis

D) neuroevolution

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

60) The formation or generation of new neurons is called ________.

A) split-brain genesis

B) stem cell production

C) neuroplasticity

D) neurogenesis

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

61) A person who had a stroke was initially unable to talk but, with intensive therapy, gradually regained the ability to speak. What probably happened?

A) The neurons regenerated.

B) Neurons split to form new neurons.

C) Stem cells initiated the formation of new cells.

D) The brain rerouted the neurons around the damaged area.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

62) Which of these has been found to restore function in an affected limb even years after a stroke?

A) use of agonist medications

B) use of long-acting curare

C) immobilizing the unaffected limb and exercising the affected limb

D) giving weekly hyperbolic oxygen

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

63) Which of these are the rare, immature cells that can grow and develop into any other kind of cell?

A) stem cells

B) dendrites

C) axons

D) neurogenic cells

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

64) What determines the kind of cells into which stem cells eventually develop?

A) the kind of chemical signals they receive

B) their location in the body

C) which part of the nervous system they comprise

D) the electrical activity in the neurons that surround them

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

65) Stem cells have been used to replenish devastated cells and have helped individuals with ________.

A) autism

B) intellectual disability

C) Parkinson's

D) schizophrenia

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

66) Research suggests that people with which disorder might experience some benefit from stem cell injections?

A) eye diseases that have not responded to treatment

B) recurrent episodes of depression

C) seizures that cannot be controlled

D) areas of hair loss

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

67) The spinal cord is found inside the spinal column and is involved in ________.

A) initiating voluntary behavior

B) the release of hormones

C) higher order cognitive functioning

D) reflexes

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

68) When your hand touches a hot stove, you immediately and reflexively pull it away. This action is controlled by your ________.

A) peripheral nervous system

B) spinal cord

C) brain

D) somatic nervous system

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

69) An impulse that travels inward from a sensory receptor to the spinal cord and then outward to a muscle is called a(n) ________.

A) inhibitory potential

B) sensory-motor arc

C) excitatory potential

D) reflex arc

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

70) Of these options, which reflex does NOT persist into adulthood?

A) blinking in response to a puff of air in our eyes

B) turning the head and sucking in response to contact with the cheek

C) gagging when something touches the back of our throat

D) urinating in response to pressure in the bladder

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

71) The peripheral nervous system ________.

A) is composed of the spinal cord and all nerves in the body

B) is less important than the central nervous system

C) is contained within the skull and spinal column

D) includes all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

72) which of these links the brain and the spinal cord with the rest of the body's sense receptors, muscles, and glands?

A) peripheral nervous system

B) autonomic nervous system

C) somatic nervous system

D) sympathetic nervous system

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

73) The somatic nervous system is made up of the ________.

A) nerves that connect to sensory receptors and control skeletal muscles

B) spinal cord and interneurons in the spine

C) nerves that maintain the function of the glands, heart muscles, and smooth muscles

D) nerves that mobilize bodily resources

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

74) The autonomic nervous system is responsible for ________.

A) connecting the CNS with the skeletal muscles

B) the somatic and parasomatic nervous system

C) regulation of smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands.

D) linking the body with the sense organs

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

75) When a student raises her hand so that she can answer a teacher's question, which branch of the peripheral nervous system was responsible for her hand going up?

A) sympathetic

B) autonomic

C) somatic

D) parasympathetic

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

76) The ________ nervous system is responsible for involuntary tasks, whereas the ________ nervous system is responsible for voluntary tasks.

A) autonomic; somatic

B) somatic; autonomic

C) central; peripheral

D) peripheral; central

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

77) What part of the nervous system would be immediately activated if you were attacked by a mugger late at night walking along a dark street?

A) autonomic

B) somatic

C) central

D) parasympathetic

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

78) The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are branches of the ________.

A) somatic nervous system

B) central nervous system

C) cardinal nervous system

D) autonomic nervous system

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

79) The autonomic nervous system is subdivided into two branches called the ________.

A) automatic and semiautomatic systems

B) somatic and peripheral systems

C) afferent and efferent systems

D) sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

80) The ________ nervous system is responsible for fight, flight, or freeze functions, whereas the ________ nervous system is responsible for maintaining calm and helping the body conserve energy.

A) central; peripheral

B) parasympathetic; sympathetic

C) sympathetic; parasympathetic

D) autonomic; somatic

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

81) Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for helping us to calm down after a crisis or emergency has passed?

A) sympathetic

B) somatic

C) parasympathetic

D) enteric

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

82) After arguing with her spouse over dinner, Sue developed stomach pains. This was probably because ________.

A) her sympathetic nervous system activated and shut down digestion during the argument

B) her parasympathetic nervous system activated and shut down digestion during the argument

C) her endocrine system sent out too many hormones to her stomach

D) her central nervous system signaled for too much acid to be produced in her stomach

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

83) Which of the following occurs in response to activation of the sympathetic nervous system?

A) decreased heart rate

B) decreased respiration

C) release of hormones into the bloodstream

D) increased digestive processes

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

84) The sympathetic nervous system ________.

A) helps mobilize necessary resources to deal with a dangerous situation

B) is responsible for returning the body to its normal state

C) is sympathetic dominant for sexual activity

D) increases eliminative processes

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

85) Both early and modern-day brain researchers have used which method to study the brain?

A) dissection of the brains of humans and animals

B) pseudopsychology

C) brain-imaging scans

D) noninvasive techniques

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains

86) Destroying the amygdala in a research rat in order to observe changes in its behavior is best characterized as ________.

A) a lesioning technique

B) unethical research

C) a corporeal study

D) neural stimulation

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

87) Damaging the cerebellum in a rat causes the rat to lose its balance and posture. This is an example of ________.

A) a lesioning technique

B) correlational research

C) unethical research

D) a noninvasive method

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

88) Which method uses electrodes to record the brain's electrical activity?

A) CT

B) EEG

C) EKG

D) fMRI

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

89) EEGs can be used to identify which of the following?

A) mental disorders

B) brain tumor sizes

C) abnormal brain waves

D) brain structures

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

90) Which imaging technique involves injecting a person with a radioactive form glucose and observing brain activity?

A) EKG

B) PET scan

C) MI scan

D) CT scan

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

91) Which of these is an X-ray procedure that reveals cross-sectional views of internal structural damage or problems in the brain?

A) positron emission tomography (PET)

B) computed tomography scan (CT)

C) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

D) electroencephalogram (EEG)

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

92) Which of the following provides a 3-D picture of the brain?

A) positron emission tomography (PET)

B) intrabrain electrical recordings

C) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

D) transcranial magnetic stimulation

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

93) Which brain imaging technique is the latest to be developed?

A) electroencephalography

B) computed tomography

C) positron emission tomography

D) diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

94) Which term refers to the idea that certain brain structures are specialized for particular functions?

A) localization of function

B) neural capitalization

C) functional ablation

D) brain plasticity

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

95) Which hindbrain structure is involved in respiration, movement, waking, sleep, and dreaming?

A) medulla

B) pons

C) cerebellum

D) reticular formation

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

96) A main function of the medulla is to ________.

A) control automatic functions such as respiration and heart rate

B) coordinate fine motor movement in the fingers and face

C) regulate the functioning of the pons

D) control sleep and dreaming

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

97) Which part of the brain would be most likely to lead to death if severely injured?

A) medulla

B) cerebellum

C) hippocampus

D) amygdala

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

98) Three structures included in the hindbrain are the ________.

A) thalamus, hypothalamus, and brainstem

B) amygdala, pons, and reticular formation

C) hypothalamus, pons, and the brainstem

D) medulla, pons, and cerebellum

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

99) Which hindbrain structure is responsible for maintaining fine muscle movements and balance, and is one of the first areas of the brain to be affected by drinking alcohol?

A) frontal lobe

B) primary motor cortex

C) cerebellum

D) corpus callosum

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

100) The next time you see someone at a party who is having trouble walking properly, you might think the alcohol is affecting the individual's ________.

A) reticular formation

B) cerebellum

C) frontal lobe

D) parietal lobe

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

101) In addition to coordinating movement and maintaining balance, the cerebellum may also play a role in ________.

A) breathing and blood pressure

B) hunger and satiety

C) hearing and vision

D) perception and social behavior

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

102) Which of these is a finger-shaped set of neurons in the core of the brainstem that screens incoming sensory information and arouses the higher brain centers?

A) thalamus

B) corpus callosum

C) limbic system

D) reticular formation

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

103) The part of your brain that refocuses your attention from a newspaper to noticing a crash in the street outside is the ________.

A) medulla

B) cerebral cortex

C) reticular formation

D) auditory cortex

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

104) The largest and most prominent part of the human brain is the ________.

A) reticular formation

B) hindbrain

C) midbrain

D) forebrain

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

105) Which of the following structures is a part of the forebrain?

A) hypothalamus

B) medulla

C) pons

D) cerebellum

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

106) Which part of the brain detects information from the sensory systems (except smell) and directs those data to their appropriate cortical centers?

A) hypothalamus

B) thalamus

C) cortex

D) hindbrain

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

107) What part of the brain receives information from the eyes and relays the information to the visual cortex?

A) medulla

B) cerebral cortex

C) reticular formation

D) thalamus

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

108) Many symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hearing voices, misunderstanding social cues, and misinterpreting sensory information, could be due to abnormalities in the ________.

A) reticular formation

B) hypothalamus

C) thalamus

D) cerebellum

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

109) What is a small structure that maintains the body's internal environment and regulates emotions and drives such as hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression?

A) hypothalamus

B) hippocampus

C) pituitary gland

D) thalamus

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

110) The hypothalamus is most closely involved with which of the following functions?

A) hunger and thirst

B) sleep

C) memory

D) sensory messages

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

111) Which of these is an interconnected group of lower-level brain structures that are responsible for the arousal and regulation of emotion, motivation, memory, and other mental processes?

A) brainstem

B) limbic system

C) reticular formation

D) cerebral cortex

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

112) Which part of the limbic system helps regulate emotions such as fear and aggression?

A) fornix

B) hippocampus

C) amygdala

D) thalamus

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

113) Which of the following is a characteristic of the cerebral cortex?

A) It is part of the least prominent brain structure.

B) It controls both autonomic and voluntary behavior.

C) It regulates reflexive behavior.

D) It is responsible for higher mental processes.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

114) The frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes make up the ________.

A) subcortical area of the brain

B) reticular formation

C) cerebral cortex

D) association areas of the brain

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

115) The frontal lobes are responsible for ________.

A) motor control

B) vision

C) hearing

D) touch

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

116) Motor control, speech production, thinking, personality, emotion, and memory are all governed by your ________.

A) parietal lobes

B) occipital lobes

C) temporal lobes

D) frontal lobes

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

117) The motor cortex, which is responsible for your ability to place your foot on the brake pedal and stop at a red light, is located in the ________.

A) pons

B) frontal lobes

C) parietal lobes

D) the brainstem

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

118) Broca's area, which is involved in language, is located in the ________.

A) left parietal lobe

B) right temporal lobe

C) left frontal lobe

D) entire occipital lobe

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

119) Schizophrenia is associated with abnormalities in which lobes?

A) parietal

B) temporal

C) occipital

D) frontal

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

120) The case of Phineas Gage suggests which lobe regulates personality and is largely responsible for much of what makes us uniquely human?

A) frontal

B) temporal

C) parietal

D) occipital

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

121) Which lobe is involved with hearing, language comprehension, memory, and some emotional control?

A) frontal

B) occipital

C) posterior

D) temporal

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

122) Which area is found in the left temporal lobe and is involved with language comprehension?

A) Broca's

B) the association

C) Gage's

D) Wernicke's

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

123) What part of a person's brain might be affected if the person could speak quickly and easily, but could not understand what was read or heard?

A) Broca's area

B) Wernicke's area

C) occipital lobe

D) parietal lobe

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

124) Vision and visual perception are associated with the ________.

A) occipital lobe

B) frontal lobe

C) temporal lobe

D) parietal lobe

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

125) Damage to which lobe can produce blindness, even if the eyes are uninjured and the neural connection to the brain is perfectly healthy?

A) frontal

B) parietal

C) temporal

D) occipital

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

126) What part of the brain is likely to not be working correctly if an individual is blind, but their eyes that are not damaged in any way?

A) frontal lobes

B) parietal lobes

C) temporal lobes

D) occipital lobes

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

127) Which lobes are involved in the interpretation of bodily sensations?

A) posterior

B) anterior

C) parietal

D) temporal

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

128) If an injury caused the removal of a person's right parietal lobe, the person would be unable to ________.

A) move the left side of their body

B) move the right side of their body

C) feel sensations from the left side of their body

D) feel sensations from the right side of their body

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

129) Which of these can be characterized as the "quiet areas" of the brain that help interpret, integrate, and act on information processed in other areas of the brain?

A) limbic system

B) projection areas

C) association areas

D) somatosensory system

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

130) Which of the following is true about the association areas in the brain?

A) They control motor movement.

B) They are involved in interpreting information.

C) They respond to visual information.

D) They respond to auditory information.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

131) Which term refers to the specialization of the left and right hemisphere of the brain for particular operations?

A) differentiation

B) lateralization

C) plasticity

D) specificity

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

132) What is the name of the bundle of nerve fibers that carries information between the brain's right and left hemispheres?

A) corpus callosum

B) cerebral cortex

C) cerebellum

D) hippocampus

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

133) Your left brain doesn't know what your right brain is doing, suggesting that which structure has been severed?

A) amygdala

B) frontal lobe

C) association cortex

D) corpus callosum

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

134) Split-brain is the term used to describe which of the following conditions?

A) a mental condition also known as schizophrenia

B) the surgical separation of the brain hemispheres

C) an intellectual condition also known as dyslexia

D) lateralization of hemispheres

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

135) Although the left and right hemispheres of the brain are specialized, they are normally in close communication by way of the ________.

A) reciprocating circuits

B) thalamus

C) corpus callosum

D) cerebellum

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

136) A person who has undergone surgery to separate their brain hemispheres most likely had which disorder prior to surgery?

A) schizophrenia

B) dyslexia

C) severe epilepsy

D) bilateral localization

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

137) Jason is blindfolded and cannot verbally identify objects placed in his left hand. This is consistent with ________.

A) a dyslexic episode

B) a split-brain operation

C) an epileptic seizure

D) a lateralization of his brain hemispheres

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

138) Manuel is a split-brain patient who is presented with the word "tenant" with "ten" presented to his right visual field and "ant" presented to his left visual field. How does he respond when asked what word he sees?

A) tenant

B) ten

C) ant

D) He reports he sees nothing.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

139) Which neurotransmitter affects pain suppression, appetite, and perception?

A) acetylcholine

B) dopamine

C) norepinephrine

D) serotonin

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

140) Sal had a severe stroke that left him unable to talk but, with intensive therapy, he gradually regained his ability to speak. What is the most probable explanation for what happened?

A) The neurons regenerated.

B) Neurons split to form new neurons.

C) Stem cells initiated the formation of new cells.

D) The brain reorganized the neurons around the damaged area.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Application

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

141) Neurons are held in place by ________ cells, which make up about 90% of the brain's total cells.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

142) The ________ glands release cortisol in response to messages from the hypothalamus and pituitary glands.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

143) The area of the brain that includes the pons, medulla, and cerebellum is called the ________.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

144) The "bridge" that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres is called the ________.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

145) The ________ lobes of the cerebral cortex house the auditory centers of the brain.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.4 The Cerebral Cortex

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

146) Diagram a neuron with its major parts, and describe the functions of each part. Note: Artistic ability will not be graded; accuracy will be.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

147) Describe the electrochemical process that changes a resting potential into an action potential, including a statement about how neurotransmitters act to excite or inhibit action potentials.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

148) Describe how communication between neurons occurs. Provide a diagram of this process. What determines whether or not this communication happens?

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

149) What are the different types of neurotransmitters, and how do they affect our behavior? What consequences do neurotransmitter imbalances have for behavior?

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

150) How do hormones work? How are they different from neurotransmitters? Provide some examples of hormones, and discuss how they affect behavior.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.1 Neural and Hormonal Processes

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

151) Describe recent research regarding neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, and the role of stem cells in the treatment of physical and neurological dysfunctions.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

152) Discuss how a reflex arc works, and whether it is or is not advantageous that it does not include the brain.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

153) Discuss the difference between neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, and the regeneration of neurons.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Analysis

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

154) Name the two branches of the autonomic nervous system, describe the function of each branch, and state the changes that occur in various target organs during the "fight-or-flight" response.

Diff: 1

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.2 Nervous System Organization

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

155) Contrast the three types of brain scans—CT, PET, and MRI (or fMRI)—providing an example of when each scan might be used.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Knowledge

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

156) Describe the main functions and location of the cerebellum, pons, medulla, and reticular formation.

Diff: 2

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

157) Describe the location and main functions of the subcortical areas of the brain: the thalamus, hypothalamus, and limbic system.

Diff: 3

Bloom's: Comprehension

Section Reference: 2.3 A Tour Through The Brain

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

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