Chapter 17 Test Bank Counseling In The Context Of Poverty

Chapter 17. Counseling in the Context of Poverty

1. Persons in this group occupy low-wage positions or are currently unemployed.

a. Poverty

b. Working class

c. Middle class

d. Upper middle class

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

2. Persons in this group have jobs that frequently allow them some degree of autonomy in the workplace, in that they may create workplace policy or participate in its creation.

a. Poverty

b. Working class

c. Middle class

d. Upper middle class

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

3. Persons in this group have significant social, political, and cultural power in addition to their economic power.

a. Owning class

b. Working class

c. Middle class

d. Upper middle class

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

4. Approximately _________ of the U.S. population is believed to fall below poverty line.

a. 8%

b. 13%

c. 18%

d. 23%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

5. In 2012, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defined the “poverty line” as an annual income of ________for a single person.

a. $9,370

b. $11,170

c. $16,150

d. $19,270

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

6. ______________ that income, occupation, and level of education consistently predict social class position.

a. There is no evidence

b. There is no doubt

c. There is substantial evidence

d. There is some evidence

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

7. Women in the United States are ________ more likely than men to live in extreme poverty.

a. 20%

b. 30%

c. 45%

d. 60%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Counseling In The Context Of Poverty

Question type: MC

8. Individuals in this group generally work in lower-income positions and generally have little power or agency in the workplace.

a. Poverty

b. Working class

c. Middle class

d. Upper middle class

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

9. Research suggests that many mental health professionals ________ therapeutically with low-income clients.

a. Easily connect

b. Struggle to connect

c. Refuse to connect

d. Deeply connect

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Mental Health Professionals and Poverty

Question type: MC

10. A manager at an apartment complex rejects a housing application from a potential tenant who receives government subsidies. This is an example of

a. Institutional distancing

b. Interpersonal distancing

c. Community distancing

d. Personal distancing

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Distancing From The Poor

Question type: MC

11. Women in the United States are ________more likely than men to live in poverty.

a. 20%

b. 30%

c. 40%

d. 50%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Counseling In The Context Of Poverty

Question type: MC

12. __________continue to be overrepresented among Americans living in poverty.

a. People of color

b. Rural residents

c. The elderly

d. City dwellers

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Counseling In The Context Of Poverty

Question type: MC

13. The people in this group are typically college educated and have slightly more economic security than working-class individuals.

a. Owning class

b. Working class

c. Middle class

d. Upper middle class

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

14. A low-income individual is eyed suspiciously by cashiers as he enters a retail shop. This is an example of

a. Institutional distancing

b. Interpersonal distancing

c. Community distancing

d. Personal distancing

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Distancing From The Poor

Question type: MC

15.___________ push low-income families outside the bounds of cities, increasing commute times to and from work.

a. Crime rates

b. Housing costs

c. Noise pollution

d. Work opportunities

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: MC

16. This group includes individuals with enough wealth and property that they do not need to work (although they may choose to do so).

a. Owning class

b. Working class

c. Middle class

d. Upper middle class

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

17. Estimates suggest that roughly __________ of individuals living in homeless shelters in the United States have jobs.

a. 1 out of 2

b. 1 out of 4

c. 1 out of 6

d. 1 out of 8

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: MC

18. The inverse relationship between poor physical and mental health and social class has been termed

a. SES gradient

b. Poverty slope

c. SES stigma

d. SES equation

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: MC

19. Individuals in this class must work for a living, but those in this group occupy positions that are relatively well regarded and highly paid.

a. Owning class

b. Working class

c. Middle class

d. Upper middle class

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: MC

20. Nolan and Whelan (2010) have observed that individuals who live in poverty also experience

a. Higher life satisfaction

b. Nonmonetary forms of deprivation

c. Economic empowerment

d. Welfare empowerment

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: MC

21. Decades of research provide evidence that living in poverty is closely linked with poor physical health outcomes, including, but not limited to, diabetes, obesity, and ulcers.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: TF

22. Middle-class individuals, such as teachers, managers, office workers, and accountants, often receive salaries rather than hourly wages.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: TF

23. The inequality of poverty is also self-empowering, in that the poor continue to get out of poverty.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: TF

24. Many people living in poverty are employed.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: TF

25. Poverty is considered to be “both a determinant and a consequence of poor mental health.”

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: TF

26. The upper middle class is often referred to as the top 1%.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: TF

27. Researchers frequently use demographic information such as income, occupation, and level of education as proxies for social class identification.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: TF

28. Poverty is all about money trouble and nothing else.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Poverty as a Disempowered Social Class Position

Question type: TF

29. The poverty line suggests that a person attempting to live on $11,170 per year is technically not poor.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: TF

30. Working-class people often do not participate in workplace policy making, do not hire or fire other people, and have few options for autonomy or input regarding the pace and content of their workdays.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Talking About Social Class

Question type: TF

31. Explain the concept of participatory action research (PAR).

a. In PAR, counseling professionals do not conduct studies on community members; rather, they conduct studies with community members on issues of local interest and urgency. This is a process in which all participants contribute, learn, and grow as they address the sociocultural conditions that undermine the community’s emotional well-being in the first place

Cognitive domain: Comprehension.

Answer location: Counseling in the Context of Poverty

Question type: SA

32. Explain the concept of anti-oppression advocacy (AOA).

a. Anti-oppression advocacy (AOA) addresses two issues in concert: therapeutic change and economic justice. In AOA, counselors weave awareness of poverty throughout the counseling context; they support clients’ social justice actions and also act as advocates themselves.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Counseling in the Context of Poverty

Question type: SA

33. Discuss the concept of social distancing.

a. Distancing is perpetuated via intentional and unintentional “separation, exclusion, devaluation, discounting, and designation as ‘other,’ and that response can be identified in both institutional and interpersonal contexts” (Lott, 2002, p. 100). In institutional contexts, it is manifested by government agencies, schools, businesses, housing authorities, and health care facilities that create procedures and policies that favor the members of privileged classes and act as barriers that impede access to services by the poor. Similarly, interpersonal distancing takes place in social situations in which people living in poverty are demeaned, discounted, or ignored in interactions because of their social class status.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Distancing From The Poor

Question type: SA