Ch8 Vulnerable Populations Meeting The Health Exam Questions

Jonas & Kovner’s Health Care Delivery in the United States, 12^th Edition

Test Bank

Chapter 8, Vulnerable Populations: Meeting the Health Needs

of Populations Facing Health Inequities

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What percent of U.S. deaths each year is attributable to chronic conditions?

A. 25%

B. 40%

C. 50%

D. 70%

1. The U.S. Census Bureau’s current prediction is that the United States will be home to a majority of people of color, as opposed to a majority White population, by what year?

A. 2020

B. 2035

C. 2044

D. 2060

1. In 2030, when the entire baby boom population has turned 65, seniors will make up what portion of the U.S. population?

A. One-fifth

B. One-fourth

C. One-third

D. One-half

1. Which best describes more than half the population of people served by community health centers?

A. They are elderly

B. They are chronically ill

C. They are migrant workers

D. They live in rural areas

1. Documentation from a medical professional that a mother, her children, or both are at nutritional risk is a requirement for participation in which of the following programs?

A. WIC

B. SNAP

C. TANF

D. Medicaid

1. Which type of social service program is TANF, or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families?

A. Food assistance program

B. Cash assistance program

C. Housing assistance program

D. Unemployment insurance program

1. Which of the following works best when the health care team not only possesses clinical expertise but also considers patients’ socioeconomic needs and provides coordination?

A. Reactive care

B. Patient engagement

C. Value-driven health care

D. Fragmentation

1. Which of the following is considered a special group that continues to face disproportionate health inequities across 37 states?

A. Medicaid recipients

B. “Dual eligibles”

C. Native Americans

D. People of color

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. Which of the following trends are taking place in the United States today? Select all that apply.

A. The population is becoming older

B. The number of people of color is increasing

C. The wealth gap is closing

D. More people are living with chronic diseases

1. Community risk includes which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. Exposure to abuse

B. Less access to parks and places to exercise

C. Less access to affordable healthy foods

D. Increased stress levels from low-wage jobs

1. Which of the following provide people with social capital? Select all that apply.

A. Family structure

B. High income

C. Friendship ties

D. Religious organizations

1. Which of the following describe most patients who receive health care services from public hospitals? Select all that apply.

A. They are low income and uninsured

B. They suffer disproportionately from preventable chronic health problems

C. They are not seriously ill

D. They lack a primary care provider

1. Which of the following are eligible for Medicare? Select all that apply.

A. People aged 65 and older

B. Some people under 65 with qualifying disabilities

C. People with kidney failure requiring dialysis

D. Undocumented immigrants

1. Strategies shown to help meet the needs of vulnerable populations include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. Fragmentation

B. Care coordination

C. Patient engagement

D. Integration of care

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. “Dual eligibles” are those who

A. Have two or more chronic conditions

B. Have been institutionalized for mental illness twice

C. Qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid

D. Have two dependents

1. What challenge is faced by a person who is trying to manage cardiovascular disease through an improved diet and who depends on an emergency food provider that does not supply fruits and vegetables?

A. Silo structures

B. Food insecurity

C. Fragmentation

D. Dual eligibility

1. Critics who prefer less government involvement in the care of vulnerable populations point to which of the following to support their view?

A. The cost-ineffective nature of programs and services for the vulnerable

B. The prevalence of fragmentation and siloed structures

C. The accelerating rise in income inequality

D. The aging of the U.S. population

1. Fragmentation in health care describes which of the following?

A. Care delivered by different providers who are not located with or near each other

B. Care delivered by practitioners who do not consult with one another

C. Emergency care delivered with no follow-up

D. Care provided to those with mental illness who are in jail or prison

1. A major weakness of the current payment system for health care in the United States is that

A. It requires everyone to have health insurance

B. It encourages a volume-driven delivery system

C. It prioritizes value over revenue and profit

D. It eliminates fragmentation of care

1. For every dollar the United States spends on health care, it spends an additional 90 cents on social services. For every dollar peer countries spend on health care, how much do they spend on social services?

A. 50 cents

B. One dollar

C. Two dollars

D. Five dollars

SHORT ANSWER

1. Briefly describe the difference between equality and equity. How does this difference inform the goal of health equity?
2. Explain why resource loss, such as is caused by a natural disaster, disproportionately affects populations that are already vulnerable.
3. Discuss the general model of vulnerability and the convergence of predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics at the individual and ecological levels. Give an example.
4. Identify the socioeconomic determinants of health, give examples, and describe their influence.
5. Describe the three leading factors that contribute to the growing number of populations currently at risk of disproportionally experiencing health inequities.

ESSAY

1. Discuss the reasons that being African American is a predisposing factor for health vulnerability in the United States.
2. Explain why chronic disease has a different impact on vulnerable groups than on populations with more resources.
3. Describe federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) and the criteria providers must meet to merit this designation.