Ch.8 Test Bank Grey Power and the Sunset Years Belanger

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. What is one of the most important reasons for not using physical age as a basis for considering someone old?

	a.	People today are living longer than in the past.
	b.	People have different rates of physical aging.
	c.	Physical norms related to aging vary with culture.
	d.	It is different from the age that pensions start.

2. Adela and Bill are a married couple. They have lived in a nursing home for six months, but they have separate rooms. Which area of conflict might this represent?

	a.	independence
	b.	connectedness
	c.	dependence
	d.	privateness

3. According to the text, what is life satisfaction related to for older people?

	a.	the degree to which their children obey their wishes
	b.	the amount of contact they have with their grandchildren
	c.	the degree to which they can control their own lives
	d.	having a car and being able to drive

4. Why do women typically tend to manage better than men after the death of a spouse?

	a.	They depend on children and friends for social and emotional support.
	b.	They know that men typically die at a younger age.
	c.	Their commitment is more to their children than to their spouse.
	d.	They never had to rely on their husbands for emotional support.

5. What is a major reason for the aging of the Canadian population?

	a.	People are living longer.
	b.	Members of Generation Z are aging.
	c.	Large numbers of young people are finding jobs in the United States.
	d.	People are having more children.

6. Since 1951, what has the Old Age Security Act provided?

	a.	pensions for working Canadians
	b.	pensions for Canadians outside of Quebec and Ontario
	c.	pensions for all Canadians
	d.	pensions for those who retire before they are 65 years old

7. According to the text, nearly half of Canadians 60 years and older volunteer. What is one benefit of volunteering?

	a.	decreased life satisfaction
	b.	reduced depression
	c.	increased depression
	d.	reduced mental well-being

8. Which age cohort is starting to retire now?

	a.	the baby boom
	b.	the millennials
	c.	Generation X
	d.	Generation Y

9. What are recent immigrants more likely to do with elderly relatives?

	a.	place them in a nursing home
	b.	live with them in a three-generation household
	c.	send them back to the country of origin
	d.	make use of community resources for seniors

10. What is the third pillar of the Canadian retirement income system?

	a.	the CPP/QPP
	b.	Old Age Security
	c.	the Guaranteed Income Supplement
	d.	Registered Retirement Savings Plans

11. Where do most older Canadians live?

	a.	with their adult children
	b.	independently in the community
	c.	in nursing homes
	d.	in retirement communities with 24-hour care

12. What does psychological age refer to?

	a.	the attitudes and beliefs one has about one’s age
	b.	cultural norms that specify appropriate behaviour for people of a given age
	c.	the attitudes of professional athletes toward failing abilities
	d.	rejection of “old” behaviour, such as sitting in a rocking chair and knitting

13. What does it mean to say that the government pension system is a pay-as-you-go system?

	a.	Present retirees are being paid from the contributions they have made themselves.
	b.	Present retirees are being paid from the future contributions of later generations.
	c.	Future retirees will be paid from the future contributions of later generations.
	d.	Future retirees will be paid from the contributions of the present generation.

14. According to the text, which of the following is likely to describe an older man who is satisfied with his life?

	a.	married
	b.	proud of his children
	c.	retired
	d.	reasonably healthy

15. Following their own child’s divorce, why might grandparents keep a connection with their child’s ex-spouse?

	a.	The church insists that such ties can be broken only by death.
	b.	Access to grandchildren may depend on the ex-spouse’s goodwill.
	c.	They are drawn into the conflict between the estranged spouses.
	d.	They want to play their grandchildren against their divorced parents.

16. Which elderly people are especially dependent on siblings?

	a.	the widowed with children
	b.	the married childless
	c.	the married with children
	d.	the never married

17. What does the term “grey power” refer to?

	a.	the increasing concern with fitness among the elderly
	b.	the increase in family violence among the elderly
	c.	the growing political and economic clout of the elderly
	d.	the higher level of violent crime among the elderly

18. What does the emotional closeness of grandparent and grandchild usually depend on?

	a.	the importance grandparents place on extended family
	b.	the relationship the grandparents have with the child’s parents
	c.	the grandparents’ financial resources
	d.	shared religious and moral values

19. What is the attitude of many recent immigrants toward their elderly relatives?

	a.	They are grateful that there are institutions to care for the elderly.
	b.	They are more likely than third-generation Canadians to use institutional care.
	c.	They feel that putting a senior in a nursing home equals abandonment.
	d.	They send their parents back to the “old” country where there are more services.

20. Which statement best describes widows whose husbands died suddenly and those who expected the death?

	a.	Those who expected the death felt a greater loss.
	b.	The widows whose husbands died suddenly felt a greater loss.
	c.	They suffered different reactions but felt the same loss.
	d.	They suffered the same reaction but felt a different loss.

21. Which statement best describes research on sibling relationships among older adults?

	a.	It has focused largely on the baby boomer generation.
	b.	It is largely limited to twin studies.
	c.	It has received little attention until recently.
	d.	It is conflicting due to diverse methodological approaches.

22. According to the text, how do childless older people make up for the fact that they have no children?

	a.	They have active social networks.
	b.	They have many pets.
	c.	They bring foster children into their home.
	d.	They travel constantly.

23. Which of the following is NOT an activity that retired people substitute for paid work?

	a.	spending time with friends
	b.	caring for others
	c.	volunteer work
	d.	elder dances

24. In many cases, what is the effect of living in a nursing home?

	a.	It makes a private life virtually impossible.
	b.	It shows recognition of individual and family rights.
	c.	It is often the only way elderly people can have a sexual relationship.
	d.	It encourages an individual to become more independent.

25. When Mandy talks of her parents as being old because they are over 65, what is she probably referring to?

	a.	their social time clock
	b.	their psychological age
	c.	their chronological age
	d.	their retirement status

26. In 2015, what percentage of the population was 65 or older??

	a.	13
	b.	16
	c.	18
	d.	21

27. Marnie and Walter have taken their six year-old granddaughter Sarah to live with them full-time after Sarah’s parents got a divorce. Which statement best describes this situation?

	a.	Marnie and Walter will automatically become the legal custodians of Sarah as soon as she moves in with them.
	b.	Marnie and Walter will become the legal custodians of Sarah three months after she moves in with them.
	c.	Marnie and Walter will have to formally adopt Sarah if they want to become her legal custodians.
	d.	Sarah can decide who will be her legal custodians.

28. What is ageism?

	a.	a form of discrimination based on age and sex
	b.	a form of discrimination based on ability
	c.	a form of discrimination based on age
	d.	a form of discrimination based on age and race

29. For 45 years, Harriet’s life was centred on her husband and family. When Harriet’s husband died, what did she probably experience?

	a.	a loss of identity
	b.	a gain in status
	c.	less contact with her daughter
	d.	an increase in shared social customs

30. What is chronological age?

	a.	retirement age, whenever it occurs
	b.	65 years of age and over
	c.	the number of years a person has lived
	d.	the age disability sets in

31. What is an important factor for older people remaining independent?

	a.	the removal of 65 as retirement age
	b.	their financial status
	c.	the ability to rely on their children for support
	d.	the reduced reliance on registered retirement plans

32. According to the text, the first psychological task confronting widowed people is grief over the loss. What is the second task?

	a.	working out practical issues regarding housing and finances
	b.	planning a suitable memorial for the deceased spouse
	c.	commitment to their own continuing life
	d.	commitment to their children and grandchildren

33. Which statement best describes a couples’ satisfaction later in life?

	a.	Those who were happy previously continue to be happy.
	b.	Those who were less satisfied in earlier decades become increasingly dissatisfied.
	c.	Those who were most happy are likely to experience the greatest decreases in happiness.
	d.	Conflict increases regardless of how satisfied they were in their earlier relationships.

34. Among Indigenous peoples, what was the traditional expectation of the grandparent generation?

	a.	They were considered useless once they could no longer hunt.
	b.	They were stigmatized for their constant dwelling on the past.
	c.	They were expected to provide for all their own needs without assistance.
	d.	They were responsible for socializing children.

35. Which statement best describes social aging?

	a.	It is occurring at a younger age because of early retirement.
	b.	It is becoming clearer, as marker events become more definite.
	c.	It depends on the notion that old age is a frame of mind.
	d.	It affects how seniors see themselves.

36. How often do grandparents typically see a grandchild?

	a.	at least three times a week
	b.	at least once a week
	c.	at least twice a month
	d.	at least once a month

37. Functionalists argue that reduced interaction between older persons and others is unavoidable and beneficial, for both individuals and society. What theory are they using for this argument?

	a.	conflict
	b.	disengagement
	c.	engagement
	d.	structural functionalism

38. Louise is becoming quite frail. Her daughter worries that she may become ill and not be able to call for help and is urging Louise to move in with her. Louise wants to remain in her own apartment because she likes her own routines. What area of conflict is this an example of?

	a.	health versus debility
	b.	independence versus dependence
	c.	openness versus privateness
	d.	aging versus middle age

39. How does Erik Erikson describe the psychosocial task of old age?

	a.	as integrity versus despair
	b.	as generativity versus hopelessness
	c.	as living with disability
	d.	as preparing for death

40. According to the text, what is an important function of a funeral?

	a.	making sure the dead person’s soul is put to rest properly
	b.	an occasion for formal leave taking of the person who has died
	c.	an occasion where, by custom, families put aside all their conflicts
	d.	an occasion to put an official end to the grieving process

41. Which statement best describes the current role of elders among Indigenous peoples?

	a.	The elder role as transmitter of culture is coming to be valued once again.
	b.	The elder role became important with the coming of Christian missions.
	c.	The elder role was a vital component of the original residential schools.
	d.	The elder role is disappearing nowadays since it is no longer valued.

42. In 2011, what percentage of grandparents lived with their grandchildren?

	a.	2
	b.	8
	c.	11
	d.	16

43. What happens when grandparents are involved with grandchildren?

	a.	The grandchildren have fewer emotional problems.
	b.	The grandchildren are less likely to report conflict at school.
	c.	The grandchildren have higher self-esteem.
	d.	The grandchildren report less prosocial behaviour.

44. Which of the following is NOT a dimension of aging?

	a.	chronological
	b.	social
	c.	psychological
	d.	financial

45. Historically, how has family caregiving been regarded in Canada?

	a.	as a waste of precious resources
	b.	as a private responsibility
	c.	as a federal responsibility
	d.	as an area for public policy development

46. What are the findings when the psychological characteristics of older people are considered?

	a.	There are more differences than similarities.
	b.	There are more similarities than differences.
	c.	There are clear markers of psychological aging.
	d.	There are consistent differences between heterosexual and homosexual men.

47. What is the main purpose of the CPP/QPP?

	a.	to provide all Canadians with a pension after they turn 65 years old
	b.	to provide workers with a pension that would allow them to retire in style
	c.	to keep older people from living in extreme poverty
	d.	to provide workers and their families with a modest pension upon retirement

48. What is the key developmental task for older people?

	a.	helping their employed children to raise their grandchildren
	b.	allowing their children to take over their daily living tasks
	c.	providing guidance to others through criticism of their performance
	d.	allowing the next generation to take over leadership

49. Which of the following is a government service that can help keep seniors living in their own homes?

	a.	providing grants to help makes their homes accessible
	b.	reducing the mandatory retirement age
	c.	building more retirement villages
	d.	closing down the over-populated nursing homes

50. In 2011, what percent of seniors in couples were married?

	a.	83 percent
	b.	90 percent
	c.	94 percent
	d.	100 percent

51. How often is the Canada Pension Plan reviewed to determine whether the benefits and contribution rates should be changed to ensure that it remains fair and sustainable?

	a.	every year
	b.	every three years
	c.	every five years
	d.	every ten years

52. Why are men more likely than women to remarry?

	a.	They have more close relationships than women.
	b.	There are more eligible women than men available.
	c.	Their children are more likely to encourage them to remarry.
	d.	They want to receive a survivor’s pension.

53. Payments from the CPP/QPP are determined based on which of the following?

	a.	how many years an individual has worked over his or lifetime
	b.	how many dependents an individual has
	c.	how much an individual contributed over his or lifetime of working
	d.	the marital status of the individual claiming the benefit

54. Which prediction can we logically make as a result of current population trends?

	a.	Fewer women will be widowed.
	b.	Men will experience more life changes.
	c.	The population of Canada is aging.
	d.	There will be less confusion about filling roles.

55. Which of the following is an example of social age?

	a.	People in their 60s are expected to be grandparents.
	b.	Most people start getting grey hair in their 40s and 50s
	c.	People start to feel older after they turn 45 years old.
	d.	People should retire at 65 years old

56. What is one problem older people have with maintaining their own lifestyle?

	a.	Their children worry about them and try to limit their activities.
	b.	They lack financial resources to maintain hobbies.
	c.	They lack a system for managing health care tasks and responsibilities.
	d.	Their psychological health deteriorates faster than their physical health.

57. Why is relatively little known about the exact number of gay men and lesbian older adults?

	a.	Few people want to research this issue.
	b.	Doctors are not allowed to ask about someone’s sexual orientation.
	c.	Most homosexuals do not have health problems.
	d.	Few national surveys ask about sexual orientation.

58. For whom do long-term economic hardships tend to be greater following a spouse’s death?

	a.	men, because they are usually dependent on wives’ income
	b.	men, because they do not remarry as often as women
	c.	women, because they are more likely to support a second husband
	d.	women, because their pensions are often limited

59. Whether seniors live in their own homes or in an institution, who is most likely to feel a duty to provide care?

	a.	brothers
	b.	close friends
	c.	sons
	d.	daughters

60. When parents are unable to care for a child, who is most likely to take on a surrogate parenting role?

	a.	surrogate mothers
	b.	close friends
	c.	aunts and uncles
	d.	grandparents

61. Which statement best describes the relationship between older people and their children?

	a.	It is one-sided, with children helping parents.
	b.	It usually involves mutual assistance.
	c.	It usually depends on the presence of grandchildren.
	d.	It is one-sided, with parents helping children.

62. Which statement best describes older women’s finances compared with older men’s?

	a.	Fewer older women depend only on the Old Age Security Pension.
	b.	Fewer older women survive long enough to qualify for a pension.
	c.	More older women receive smaller pensions because they have worked fewer years.
	d.	More older women have contributed to the Canada Pension Plan.

63. According to the text, what do we need to do when we talk about death?

	a.	discuss the growing incidence of diseases such as diphtheria
	b.	distinguish the actual death and the events leading up to it
	c.	see it in terms of an incomplete life
	d.	remember that it lurks around any corner

64. Who are sociologists likely referring to when they describe the “old-old”?

	a.	seniors who are physically and psychologically unhealthy
	b.	anyone over 80
	c.	those 85 years old and older
	d.	those with great-grandchildren

65. Who are sociologists likely referring to when they describe the “young-old”?

	a.	seniors who are physically and psychologically healthy
	b.	those who become grandparents before they are 60 years old
	c.	those between 65 and 74 years old
	d.	the newly retired of any age

66. Which of the provinces/territories has the lowest proportion of older residents?

	a.	Yukon
	b.	British Columbia
	c.	Alberta
	d.	Quebec

67. What role do present-day Indigenous elders fill that traditional ones did not?

	a.	They participate in voluntary groups such as elders’ circles.
	b.	They teach core cultural and survival values.
	c.	They socialize their own as well as honorary grandchildren.
	d.	They are custodians of traditional culture.

68. Who are sociologists likely referring to when they describe the “old”?

	a.	seniors who are physically and psychologically unhealthy
	b.	anyone under 80
	c.	those between 75 and 84 years old
	d.	those with grandchildren

Enter the appropriate word(s) to complete the statement.

69. Every Canadian over 65 years old may receive _______________________.

70. When parents are unable to care for a child, _______________ are the most likely family members to take on a surrogate parenting role.

71. Recent immigrants are more likely to live in __________________________ than those born in Canada.

72. Among Indigenous peoples, ____________________ are valued as transmitters of traditional culture.

73. The relationship between grandparents and grandchildren is often considered special because it is not complicated by ________________________.

74. The vast majority of seniors live in _________________________.

75. ___________________ refers to the number of years a person has lived.

76. The second pillar of the system is the _________________________________.

77. Erik Erikson described the psychosocial task of old age as integrity versus ____________.

78. The ability of each generation in society to get a fair share of resources is referred to as ___________.

79. In 2011, the province of ______________ had the lowest proportion of seniors.

80. The cultural norms that specify appropriate behaviour for people of a given age are called _________.

81. Briefly explain the effect of pensions on the lifestyle of older people.

82. Briefly describe the impact of divorce on the grandparent–grandchild relationship.

83. State the developmental tasks of old age.

84. Explain why it is artificial to divide older people into categories by age.

85. Explain the traditional and the modern roles for elders in Indigenous communities.

86. How are men and women likely to differ and be similar in terms of their experience of their romantic relationships in later life?

87. Briefly describe the three pillars of the Canadian retirement income system.

88. Describe how various immigrant groups care for their older members.

89. State three problems that may arise when grandparents are responsible for their grandchildren.

90. Explain the economic impact of the growing number of elderly people in the population.

91. Explain what is meant by “grey power.”

92. Identify the four dimensions of aging.

93. Describe the three pillars of the Canadian retirement income system. Explain how each pillar has an impact on different groups of seniors.

94. Explain how the death of a family member may affect survivors psychologically, socially, and economically.

95. Discuss the effect of a terminal illness on family relationships. Give examples.

96. Name and discuss three key areas of conflict involving older people and their family members.

97. Discuss the impact of economic factors on older people.

98. Aging has four dimensions. Discuss how well these dimensions identify who is considered to be old.

99. Discuss how different groups in Canada, such as recent immigrants and Indigenous peoples, perceive and treat their senior members.

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Created Date:

Aug 21, 2025

Chapter Name:

Chapter 8 Grey Power and the Sunset Years

Author:

Marc Belanger

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