Chapter 8: Psychology of Violence and Intimidation

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. What is the primary difference between violence and aggression?

A. Aggression is present at birth, while violence is a learned behavior.

B. Aggression may not involve force, while violence does.

C. Violence is legal, while aggression is illegal.

D. Violence is psychological, while aggression is physiological.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Researchers agree that both ______ factors and ______ factors are important in understanding violence.

A. behavioral; economic

B. individual; environmental

C. passive; active

D. psychological; psychiatric

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Which four crimes in the UCR comprise the U.S. violent crime rate?

A. homicide, rape, burglary, and assault

B. murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault

C. forcible rape, statutory rape, murder, and manslaughter

D. assault, burglary, forcible rape, and homicide

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: UCR Data on Violent Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. UCR data indicate that ______ accounts for the smallest share of violent crime, whereas ______ accounts for the largest share of violent crime.

A. burglary; forcible rape

B. assault; nonnegligent homicide

C. rape; simple robbery

D. murder; aggravated assault

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: UCR Data on Violent Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Which statement best summarizes current statistics on gun violence in the United States?

A. The majority of gun-related deaths are not criminal offenses.

B. The number of firearm homicides is directly proportional to each state’s gun safety legislation.

C. Handguns account for the greatest majority of both fatal and nonfatal incidents in the United States.

D. Firearm violence has been substantially decreasing since 1999.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: UCR Data on Violent Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. According to Shihadeh and Barranco (2010), which change in Latino communities may lead to an increase in violence?

A. an increased participation in the labor force

B. a shift in migration patterns from large communities to less established communities

C. a decrease in the availability of social service programs that target low-income Latinos

D. a decentralization of the Latino nuclear family

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender, Race, and Ethnic Differences in Criminal Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Which term refers to the tendency to view others through one’s own cultural perspective?

A. ethnocentrism

B. sublimation

C. hedonism

D. leakage

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gender, Race, and Ethnic Differences in Criminal Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Another term for reactive violence is ______ violence.

A. impulsive

B. expressive

C. provoked

D. instrumental

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theoretical Perspectives on Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Research by Woodworth and Porter (2002) found that psychopaths tend to engage in homicides that are ______.

A. reactive and spontaneous

B. expressive and argumentative

C. empathic and intimate

D. instrumental and goal-driven

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theoretical Perspectives on Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Which of the following would be considered a neurobiological cause of violent behavior?

A. exposure to lead paint

B. exposure to violent media images

C. exposure to crowded conditions

D. exposure to weapons

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Neurobiological Factors

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. Hostile attribution bias is to a ______ factor as violent media exposure is to a ______ factor.

A. biological; situational

B. situational; biological

C. cognitive; socialization

D. socialization; cognitive

Learning Objective: 8-2: Assess the psychological effects of violent media and electronic video games on aggressive behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Causes of Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

12. According to the text, human violence is ultimately a ______ behavior.

A. transitional

B. persistent

C. static

D. learned

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theoretical Perspectives on Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Which of the following is associated with heavy exposure to screen violence?

A. increased fear of becoming a victim

B. an understanding that violence is an ineffective problem-solving strategy

C. increased sensitivity to violence and aggressive behavior

D. the misconception that most people are trustworthy and kind

Learning Objective: 8-2: Assess the psychological effects of violent media and electronic video games on aggressive behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Effects of Violent Media

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. According to Huesmann et al. (2003), exposure to media violence seems to have ______ effects on adults and ______ effects on children.

A. short-term; long-term

B. inconsequential; deleterious

C. desensitizing; intermediary

D. intentional; unintentional

Learning Objective: 8-2: Assess the psychological effects of violent media and electronic video games on aggressive behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Effects of Violent Media

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Dylan is a 7-year-old boy who frequently binge-watches violent television shows such as The Walking Dead and Game of Thrones. Which factor will have the greater negative impact on his observational learning over the long haul?

A. Dylan believes the violence is rewarded.

B. The shows are rated as highly violent.

C. Dylan’s parents watch the shows with him.

D. The characters walk a thin line between good and evil.

Learning Objective: 8-2: Assess the psychological effects of violent media and electronic video games on aggressive behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Effects of Violent Media

Difficulty Level: Hard

16. A student who receives a note in her locker that states “this school would be better off without you here” has received a ______ school threat.

A. indirect

B. veiled

C. direct

D. conditional

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Types of School Threats

Difficulty Level: Hard

17. Which statement illustrates a finding from the Safe School Initiative report?

A. The majority of school shooters acted impulsively after an extreme bullying incident.

B. Most school shooters in the United States had easy access to guns.

C. Most school shooters acted alone and did not disclose their plan to others.

D. The majority of first responders in school shootings were law enforcement officers who had relationships with the victims.

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Safe School Initiative (SSI) Report

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Which category of risk factors represents the best option for preventing school violence?

A. school-related factors

B. individual factors

C. family factors

D. peer-related factors

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Prevention of School Shootings and Other School Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Many of the children at Pineview Middle School are unsure about their school’s policy on bullying and do not report threats because they are afraid of repercussions from other students. This illustrates a ______ factor called ______.

A. family; tolerance for disrespectful behavior

B. individual; inequitable discipline

C. peer-related; inflexible culture

D. school-related; code of silence

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Prevention of School Shootings and Other School Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

20. All of the following are examples of behavior that is considered workplace violence EXCEPT ______.

A. threatening to hit a colleague during a staff meeting

B. drinking alcohol on the job

C. pointing a gun at one’s supervisor

D. sexually assaulting a coworker in the parking lot

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. The most frequent victims of workplace homicide are ______.

A. police

B. bartenders

C. retail workers

D. postal workers

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Physical workplace violence is classified according to the ______.

A. level of violence involved

B. perpetrator

C. type of business or industry

D. perpetrator’s relationship to the workplace

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Which individual is at greatest risk for workplace violence?

A. a postal worker

B. a retail worker

C. a correctional officer

D. a high school teacher

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Negligent supervision and inadequate security are examples of ______.

A. threat assessments

B. employee abuse

C. reasonable accommodations

D. workplace violence litigation

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. The UCR’s murder rate is based on ______.

A. police investigations

B. coroners’ reports

C. court determinations

D. medical examiner reports

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Homicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Which scenario describes the majority of homicide–suicide murders in the United States?

A. a male who kills a female relative and then kills himself

B. a male who kills a stranger in a bar brawl and then kills himself

C. a female who kills her children and then herself

D. a female who kills her batterer husband and then kills herself

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Homicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. Which statement about criminal homicide is correct?

A. Most murders also involve some type of sexual assault.

B. Most murders involve more than one victim.

C. Most murders are committed during the course of committing another offense.

D. Most murders are perpetrated against a stranger.

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Homicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. The time interval in between killings in a serial murder is called the ______.

A. cooling-off period

B. transitional period

C. intermediary event

D. spree event

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multiple Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. Which answer choice describes the difference between mass murder and serial murder?

A. Mass murder involves at least five victims, whereas serial murder involves five victims or less.

B. Mass murder involves victims that are known to the perpetrator, whereas serial murder involves unknown victims.

C. Serial murder involves a sexual component, whereas mass murder does not.

D. Serial murder involves a cooling-off period, whereas mass murder does not.

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multiple Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Classic and family are two types of ______ murder.

A. spree

B. mass

C. serial

D. multiple

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multiple Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. All of the following statements accurately describe multiple murderers EXCEPT ______.

A. they are more common than single-victim murderers

B. the media often sensationalizes their crimes

C. until recently, researchers assumed they were similar to single-victim offenders

D. there is sparse empirical research on multiple murderers

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Multiple Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. The majority of research on serial killers is based on ______.

A. objective measures

B. case studies

C. empirical analysis

D. surveys and interviews

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Serial Killers

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. Research has found that compared to the general population, serial killers ______.

A. have a larger amygdala

B. have exceptional interpersonal skills

C. are healthier and more physically fit

D. are clinically mentally ill

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Killers

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. Compared to single-victim murderers, serial killers ______.

A. are more physically attractive

B. choose younger victims

C. begin killing at a later age

D. kill family members and close friends

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Killers

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. In which year was the first person sentenced for killing a transgender woman under the federal hate crime statute?

A. 1969

B. 1987

C. 1999

D. 2017

Learning Objective: 8-6: Identify the demographic and psychological aspects involved in hate and bias crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate or Bias Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. Why do serial killers rarely use guns to kill their victims?

A. They do not have easy access to guns.

B. They aren’t comfortable with violence.

C. They prefer methods that provide control and dominance.

D. They prefer to leave their victims clean for trophy collecting.

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Serial Killers

Difficulty Level: Hard

37. According to Holmes and DeBurger’s serial killer typology, which type is driven to kill by delusions or hallucinations?

A. visionary

B. mission-oriented

C. hedonistic

D. power

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Killer Typologies

Difficulty Level: Medium

38. Lust, thrill, and comfort are associated with which type of serial killer?

A. visionary

B. mission-oriented

C. hedonistic

D. power

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Killer Typologies

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. According to Rosenfeld and Harmon (2002), which two factors are significant predictors of stalking violence?

A. prior criminal history and violent behavior

B. violent threats and drug use

C. presence of mental disorder and prior criminal history

D. age of the stalker and presence of a mental disorder

Learning Objective: 8-7: Discuss the psychological trauma and potential violence of being stalked, bullied, or cyberbullied.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Predictions of Violence in Stalking Cases

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. In 1994, the Hate Crime Statistics Act was amended to include ______.

A. age

B. sexual orientation

C. religion

D. physical and mental disabilities

Learning Objective: 8-6: Identify the demographic and psychological aspects involved in hate and bias crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate or Bias Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. Mohandie, Meloy, Green-McGowan, and Williams (2006) concluded that stalkers could be grouped into four categories based on ______.

A. their thinking patterns

B. the length of the stalking behavior

C. their relationship to the victim

D. their motives for stalking

Learning Objective: 8-7: Discuss the psychological trauma and potential violence of being stalked, bullied, or cyberbullied.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Stalking: The Crime of Intimidation

Difficulty Level: Medium

42. A hate crime motivated by bias against a person with AIDS would be considered a ______ bias.

A. gender

B. disability

C. sexual orientation

D. religious

Learning Objective: 8-6: Identify the demographic and psychological aspects involved in hate and bias crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Hate or Bias Crimes

Difficulty Level: Medium

43. Ted and Gretchen had been corresponding through an online chat room for single parents with diabetes. Last month, Gretchen stopped communicating with Ted due to her busy schedule. Since then, Ted has sent Gretchen numerous threatening direct messages through social media and emailed her a computer virus. Ted seems to be engaging in ______.

A. sexual harassment

B. cyberstalking

C. telecrime

D. workplace violence

Learning Objective: 8-7: Discuss the psychological trauma and potential violence of being stalked, bullied, or cyberbullied.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Cyberstalking

Difficulty Level: Hard

44. Emma is a 12-year-old girl who has been watching her friend Mandy get bullied at school. Emma and her friends are worried about Mandy and want to stop the bullying. Given the research on bullying, what would you recommend that Emma and her friends do?

A. ignore the bullying behavior

B. befriend the bully

C. engage in indirect forms of aggression

D. intervene by defending Mandy

Learning Objective: 8-8: Assess the key aspects of traditional bullying and modern cyberbullying.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Peer Non-Cyberbullying

Difficulty Level: Hard

45. Research suggests that high amounts of bullying and peer aggression are related to high ______.

A. self-esteem

B. isolation

C. emotional intelligence

D. social status

Learning Objective: 8-8: Assess the key aspects of traditional bullying and modern cyberbullying.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Peer Non-Cyberbullying

Difficulty Level: Medium

46. Heavy exposure to ______ is one of the most significant causes of ______ in society.

A. Media violence; violence

B. Trauma; property crime

C. Media violence; homicide

D. Trauma; simple assault

Learning Objective: 8-2: Assess the psychological effects of violent media and electronic video games on aggressive behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Effects of Violent Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. UCR data indicate that males account for annual arrest rates for murder at a ratio of 9:1 compared to women.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gender, Race, and Ethnic Differences in Criminal Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Gender discrepancies in violent offending are likely due to socialization and biological factors.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender, Race, and Ethnic Differences in Criminal Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Violence is behavior that is typically acquired in early adulthood.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Situational Factors

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Ethnic and racial differences in violent crime rates are not due to genetic or biological factors.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender, Race, and Ethnic Differences in Criminal Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Young children are especially susceptible to long-term effects of media violence on aggressive behavior.

Learning Objective: 8-2: Assess the psychological effects of violent media and electronic video games on aggressive behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Effects of Violent Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Threat assessment involves the three basic functions of identify, manage, and treat.

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Threat Assessment

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The majority of school shootings have been carried out by one or more students against other students.

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: School Shootings

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. The SSI found that most school shooters in the United States easily obtained a gun from either their home or the home of a relative.

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: School Shootings

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. The most common role of forensic psychologists who work in an employment setting involves de-escalating rampage shooters.

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. The majority of workplace violence incidents end in death.

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. According to criminal law, murder and manslaughter are the two major levels of criminal homicide.

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Homicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Data indicate that a majority of hate crimes are motivated by racial bias.

Learning Objective: 8-6: Identify the demographic and psychological aspects involved in hate and bias crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Hate or Bias Crimes

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. The Human Rights Campaign has reported that only one transgender person was killed in the year 2016 in the United States.

Learning Objective: 8-6: Identify the demographic and psychological aspects involved in hate and bias crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate or Bias Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. There is currently no cyberbullying law in the United States at the federal level.

Learning Objective: 8-8: Assess the key aspects of traditional bullying and modern cyberbullying.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Stalking: The Crime of Intimidation

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Spree murder has received the most research attention in recent years.

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Multiple Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Boys and girls typically bully in the same manner

Learning Objective: 8-8: Assess the key aspects of traditional bullying and modern cyberbullying.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Peer Non-Cyberbullying

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Compare and contrast violence and aggression. Provide an example of each.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Identify the four violent crimes reported in the UCR.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: UCR Data on Violent Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. What are the two dominant explanations for gender discrepancies in violent offending?

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Gender, Race, and Ethnic Differences in Criminal Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Discuss how the UCR may perpetuate racial stereotypes of criminal violence.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Gender, Race, and Ethnic Differences in Criminal Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Choose one of the causes of violence discussed in the chapter. Explain the cause in detail and include examples in your answer.

Learning Objective: 8-1: Summarize the statistical and research data on violent crime.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Causes of Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Briefly describe the limitations with the terms school shooting and school rampage.

Learning Objective: 8-3: Describe threat assessment and school violence.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: School Shootings

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. List the four main areas of workplace violence litigation. Describe how this litigation impacts the role of forensic psychologists in the workplace.

Learning Objective: 8-5: Explain the psychological factors involved in workplace violence.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Compare and contrast spree murder, serial murder, and mass murder. What are the reasons the public has so little accurate knowledge of multiple murder?

Learning Objective: 8-4: Examine the research and clinical data on criminal homicide, including multiple murder and serial killers.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Multiple Murder

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. Explain why it is difficult to enact laws directed at cyberbullying and give an example illustrating this difficulty.

Learning Objective: 8-8: Assess the key aspects of traditional bullying and modern cyberbullying.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Effects of Cyberbullying

Difficulty Level: Medium