Ch7 Verified Test Bank Ethics And The Tactics Of Policing

Chapter 7

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 01

1) Deception by police would not be involved in which of the following activities?

a. Testifying in court

b. Investigating a drug dealer

c. Interrogating a suspect

d. Racial profiling

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 02

2) Police undercover operations:

a. Are often announced prior to their commencing

b. Can be very resource intensive

c. Are almost always illegal, but nonetheless serve as a deterrent for certain crimes

d. None of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 03

3) Which of the following is a common feature of sting operations?

a. They are almost always challenged as being illegal by defendants swept up in them

b. They rarely target property crimes

c. They include a “gotcha” climax

d. All of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 04

4) The subjective test for entrapment:

a. Is only used by a few state and federal courts

b. Focuses on the characteristics and practices of the police officers alleged to have engaged in the misconduct

c. Considers such factors as the prior criminal record of the defendant(s) in the case

d. Was developed by the U.S. Supreme Court in the case Bush v. Gore (2000)

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 05

5) One significant problem with police use of deception during interrogation is that it can lead to:

a. False arrests

b. False charges

c. False confessions

d. None of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 06

6) The Reid Technique of interrogation:

a. Was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court

b. Includes a structured interrogation consisting of nine steps

c. Can be adjusted to account for local conditions

d. None of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 07

7) Police perjury can be traced to several contributing factors, including:

a. The power of the noble cause

b. The “blue wall of silence”

c. The criminal justice system’s failure to sanction police who lie during courtroom proceedings

d. All of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 08

8) Relying on public attitudes as one basis for supporting the use of deception by police can lead to:

a. Violations of the Principle of Right Desire

b. Morality by majority

c. Morality by minority

d. Violations of the Principle of Noncontradiction

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 09

9) Using traffic cameras strategically placed at busy intersections to identify motorists who run red lights would be an example of local police using which of the following tactics?

a. Passive surveillance

b. Active deception

c. Passive deception

d. All of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 10

10) Criticisms raised with profiling (generally) and racial profiling (specifically) include:

a. Both rely on confirmation bias

b. Both suffer from the post hoc fallacy

c. Both involve illusory correlation

d. All of the above

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 11

11) Police officers learn early in their careers that deception and lying are “part of the job.”

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 12

12) There is no longer any doubt that people falsely confess to crimes they have not committed.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 13

13) Deception is a commonly used police tactic to identify those involved with crimes.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 14

14) Sting operations target a variety of crimes using different techniques.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 15

15) Entrapment is a legal defense that argues "but-for" the actions of the police an otherwise innocent offender would not have engaged in the illegal behavior of which she is accused.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 16

16) In the objective test for entrapment, the court focuses on the character and predispositions of the defendant.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 17

17) The Reid technique involves a series of steps designed to isolate the arrestee, ingratiate her to the police interrogator, and get the arrestee to confess.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 18

18) Explicit bias involves subconscious feelings, perceptions, attitudes, etc., we develop from prior influences.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 19

19) Concerns have been raised both by political commentators and scholars that certain kinds of passive surveillance by police can result in biased policing.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 07 Question 20

20) The ethics of police surveillance can be assessed using guiding principles from just war theory.

a. True

b. False

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 21

21) __________ is one or more officers surveilling a specific target suspected of involvement with criminal activities.

a. active surveillance

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 22

22) __________ occur s when police engage in a "fishing" expedition in the hope of catching unsuspecting people engaging in illegal behavior.

a. Passive surveillance

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 23

23) __________ involves law enforcement stopping individuals, conducting searches, and making arrests and other decisions based on factors outside those that are legally allowed to influence these decisions.

a. Biased policing

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 24

24) _________ indicates that people are consciously aware of their prejudices and attitudes toward members of certain groups and of their behavior toward these groups.

a. Explicit bias

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 25

25) _________ describes a screening process by authorities where some members of a larger group are selected for investigation of possible illegal behavior, based on one or more observable characteristics.

a. Profiling

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 26

26) __________ is a screening process in which race is the primary observable characteristic used to select individuals for investigation of possible illegal behavior.

a. Racial profiling

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 27

27) __________ involves subconscious feelings, perceptions, attitudes, etc., we develop from prior influences.

a. Implicit bias

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 28

28) The guiding principles of __________ can be used to assess the ethics of police surveillance.

a. Just war theory

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 29

29) As a goal for police officer ethics training, __________ refers to officers keeping their moral bearings or values and a continuing commitment to them despite the pressures and stresses of the work.

a. Reinforcing moral resolve

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 07 Question 30

30) While not intended to replace traditional preventive patrol __________ is supposed to enhance existing proactive approaches used by police.

a. Predictive policing

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 31

31) Pick any of the contexts in which the police use deception–during investigations, while interrogating suspects or defendants, or in court–and explain how the tactic is ethically justified using guiding principles from any of the systems of ethics with which you are familiar.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 32

32) Discuss profiling (generally) and racial profiling (specifically) and explain why these tactics are unethical using guiding principles from any of the systems of ethics with which are familiar.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 33

33) Differentiate passive from active surveillance and discuss the ethical issues associated with each tactic.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 34

34) Discuss the issues associated with police ethics training, including justifications for such training, whom should be the target(s) of the training, the content of the training, and where the training should occur.