Ch7 Asking People About Themselves Survey Research Test Bank

Chapter 07

Test Bank

1. ________ are a research tool that allows collection of data directly from research participants by asking them questionsA. Archival studiesB. Direct observationsC. SurveysD. Case studiesAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research.Topic: Survey Research2. To test the hypothesis that younger people are currently more opposed to the use of nuclear energy than older people, the best method would be a(n)A. survey.B. case study.C. naturalistic observation.D. archival study.APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research.Topic: Survey Research3. Which statement best defines a response set?A. It is a tendency to respond to all questions from a particular perspective rather than to provide answers that are directly related to the questions.B. It is a tendency to provide personal examples to each question asked in a survey in order to elaborate on different topics.C. It is a tendency to provide a set of responses to the same question, thus confusing the researcher and making the research invalid.D. It is a tendency to provide negative responses to all questions rather than making sure that the responses provided are relevant to the questions.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research.Topic: Response Set4. Instead of providing true responses to questions on a survey, Ali answers in such a way that he could portray a better image of himself. This tendency of Ali to answer questions from a particular perspective is an example ofA. a response set.B. a feedback response.C. social loafing.D. self-serving bias.APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research.Topic: Response Set5. In the context of response sets, people who try to present themselves in a positive way in their questionnaire responses are showingA. cognitive dissonance.B. a self-serving bias.C. social desirability.D. the carryover effect.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research.Topic: Social Desirability Response Set6. When Edgar responds to the questions in a survey, he answers in a way that would reflect most favorably of him to others. In this scenario, Edgar's behavior best illustrates a ________ response set.A. social loafingB. social competenceC. social acquiescenceD. social desirabilityAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research.Topic: Social Desirability Response Set7. In a survey, social desirability response sets can be reduced byA. withdrawing feedback about the results.B. communicating that the participant's personal information may be disclosed to a third party.C. understanding that people consistently misrepresent themselves.D. communicating the purposes and uses of the research.APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research.Topic: Social Desirability Response Set8. During a survey, Alberto was asked to indicate his age, gender, and marital status. Which type of survey questions do these items represent?A. objectivesB. behaviorsC. facts and demographicsD. attitudes and beliefsAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Research Objectives9. Which general type of survey question is exemplified by the question, "Are you satisfied with the emergency services in your city?"A. behaviorsB. attitudes and beliefsC. facts and demographicsD. objectivesAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Research Objectives10. In the context of question wording, the question, "Proposition Q proposes an increase in property tax to fund road improvement; do you agree with this proposition?" illustratesA. yea-saying and nay-saying.B. negative wording.C. simplicity.D. probability.APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Question WordingTopic: Simplicity11. During question construction, writing questions that are easily understood illustrates the concept ofA. readability.B. positivity.C. objectivity.D. simplicity.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Question WordingTopic: Simplicity12. "Should residents of the city spend more money on parks and road improvements?" is an example of a(n) ________ question.A. evaluativeB. double-barreledC. factualD. negatively wordedAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Double-Barreled QuestionsTopic: Question Wording13. Stacy has a difficult time answering the question "Should parents increase the likelihood of desirable behaviors in their children by using reinforcement and punishment?" because it is a(n) ________ question.A. evaluativeB. open-endedC. double-barreledD. descriptiveAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Double-Barreled QuestionsTopic: Question Wording14. Which of the following is true of loaded questions?A. They are commonly referred to as nay-saying questions.B. They are a question type that is mostly loaded with lots of jargon, technical terms, and slangs.C. They are written to lead people to respond in one way.D. They ask two or more things at a time.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Loaded QuestionsTopic: Question Wording15. "Do you think it is important to reduce the huge amount of money spent during festivals?" is an example of a ________ question.A. double-barreledB. negatively wordedC. loadedD. simplisticAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Loaded QuestionsTopic: Question Wording16. When an individual asks "Are you in favor of programs that are designed to help lower the unreasonably high rent in the county?" it is an example of a ________ question.A. loadedB. socially undesirableC. simplisticD. double-barreledAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Loaded QuestionsTopic: Question Wording17. "Do you agree that the city council members should not get an increase in their pay?" is an example of a ________ question.A. double-barreledB. negatively wordedC. yea-saying and nay-sayingD. simplisticAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Negative WordingTopic: Question Wording18. "Do you agree that elected officials should not be allowed to run for more than two consecutive terms in office?" is an example of a ________ question.A. double-barreledB. negatively wordedC. yea-saying and nay-sayingD. simplisticAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Negative WordingTopic: Question Wording19. When researchers ask several questions about a topic, a respondent may employ a response set to agree or disagree with all the questions. Such a tendency is referred to asA. yea-saying or nay-saying.B. negative or positive wording.C. social desirability or undesirability.D. open-ended or closed-ended response.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Yea-Saying and Nay-Saying20. In a survey, participants were asked if they agree with the statement "I like spending my free time with other people." They were also asked if they agree with the statement "I enjoy being alone during my free time." This type of questioning helps in identifyingA. negative wording.B. response sets.C. simplicity.D. loaded questions.APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Response SetTopic: Yea-Saying and Nay-Saying21. Which of the following is an accurate statement about closed-ended questions?A. They require extra time to categorize the responses.B. They are costlier than open-ended questions.C. They allow the respondents to answer in any way they like.D. They are easier to code than open-ended questions.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Closed- Ended QuestionsTopic: Responses to Questions22. A survey researcher is most likely to use a(n) ________ question when the dimensions of the variables are well defined.A. open-endedB. closed-endedC. negatively wordedD. double-barreledAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Closed- Ended QuestionsTopic: Responses to Questions23. The question "Are you a full-time student?" with answer options "yes" or "no" is an example of a(n) ________ question.A. open-endedB. double-barreledC. closed-endedD. loadedAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Closed- Ended QuestionsTopic: Responses to Questions24. Javier wants to know what teenagers believe is the most significant social problem faced by today's youth. Which type of question would be the most useful to Javier in this scenario?A. closed-endedB. loadedC. open-endedD. double-barreledAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Open-Ended QuestionsTopic: Responses to Questions25. Asking students "Does your instructor show up on time?" and requiring them to indicate their response with a "yes" or "no" is an example of a ________ question.A. negatively wordedB. double-barreledC. loadedD. closed-endedAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Closed- Ended QuestionsTopic: Responses to Questions26. Which of the following is an accurate statement about open-ended questions?A. They are cheaper to analyze than closed-ended questions.B. They are more useful in evaluating people's thoughts than closed-ended questions.C. They offer very few response alternatives in comparison to closed-ended questions.D. They are less time-consuming to code than closed-ended questions.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Open-Ended QuestionsTopic: Responses to Questions27. Veronica assesses voters' attitudes toward their likelihood of voting in the city elections. She asks them to mark their preferences on a 100-millimeter line that is anchored with "very unlikely" at one end and "very likely" at the other end. This is an example of a ________ rating scale.A. behavioral measureB. comparativeC. graphicD. semantic differentialAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Graphic Rating Scale28. Students are asked to evaluate the food provided in the university cafeteria on 7-point scales with bipolar adjectives such as poor–good and inexpensive–expensive. What type of scales do these measures represent?A. behavioral measure scalesB. semantic differential scalesC. graphic rating scalesD. comparative rating scalesAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Rating ScalesTopic: Semantic Differential Scale29. Research on semantic differential scales shows that concepts are rated along three basic dimensions. Which of the following is one of these dimensions?A. validityB. evaluationC. reliabilityD. accuracyAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Rating ScalesTopic: Semantic Differential Scale30. When constructing a survey, researchers should place the most interesting and important questionsA. at the end of the survey.B. scattered throughout the survey.C. at the beginning of the survey.D. in the middle of the survey.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales.Topic: Finalizing the Questionnaire31. Which of the following is an accurate statement about questionnaires?A. They do not lead to any problem of motivation.B. They do not require the respondents to read or understand the questions.C. They are not as expensive as interviews.D. They cannot be administered through the mail.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Compare the two ways to administer surveys: written questionnaires and oral interviews.Topic: Administering SurveysTopic: Questionnaires32. Which of the following is a disadvantage of questionnaires?A. They are more expensive than interviews.B. They require the respondents to read and understand the questions.C. They cannot be administered in person to groups or individuals.D. They do not allow the respondents to be completely anonymous.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Compare the two ways to administer surveys: written questionnaires and oral interviews.Topic: Administering SurveysTopic: Questionnaires33. Which of the following is an advantage of conducting online surveys?A. They do not allow people to misrepresent their age, gender, or ethnicity.B. They offer a higher response rate than traditional surveys.C. They provide a researcher with immediate access to the responses.D. They offer a clear picture of the individuals providing information for the study.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Compare the two ways to administer surveys: written questionnaires and oral interviews.Topic: Administering SurveysTopic: Online Surveys34. A disadvantage of conducting online surveys is that they do notA. allow a researcher to obtain samples of people with particular characteristics.B. provide a researcher with immediate access to the responses.C. make it easy for a researcher to identify people to take the survey.D. offer the scope of asking open-ended questions.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Compare the two ways to administer surveys: written questionnaires and oral interviews.Topic: Online Surveys35. While interviewing Lia, Matthew nods his head and smiles whenever Lia responds with an answer that he likes. Matthew's behavior is an example ofA. social desirability.B. sampling bias.C. interviewer bias.D. carryover effect.APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Define interviewer bias.Topic: Interviewer BiasTopic: Interviews36. Which of the following is a disadvantage of interviews?A. In most cases, response rates tend to be lower when interviews are used.B. People are more likely to agree to answer a mailed questionnaire than answer questions for a real person.C. People are more likely to leave questions unanswered in an interview than on a written questionnaire.D. The interviewer could subtly bias the respondent's answers by inadvertently showing approval or disapproval of certain answers.APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Define interviewer bias.Topic: Interviewer BiasTopic: Interviews37. A(n) ________ is an interview with a group of about 6 to 10 individuals brought together for a period of usually 2–3 hours.A. focus groupB. group interviewC. in-group reviewD. group analysisAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Compare the two ways to administer surveys: written questionnaires and oral interviews.Topic: Focus Group Interviews38. To study diversity in an organization, 10 employees belonging to different departments are brought together by a psychologist to discuss their perceptions of diversity in the company. In the context of interviews, this is an example ofA. a panel study.B. online survey research.C. an Internet-based study.D. a focus group.APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Compare the two ways to administer surveys: written questionnaires and oral interviews.Topic: Focus Group Interviews39. In order to study changes in answers to survey questions over time, a researcher could conduct a(n) ________ study.A. transversalB. caseC. panelD. archivalAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe a panel study.Topic: Panel Study40. Chandra and colleagues surveyed participants with the same questions three times over the course of a three-year period to examine the relationship between exposure to sexual content on television and teen pregnancy. This is an example of a(n) ________ study.A. Internet-basedB. panelC. archivalD. focus groupAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe a panel study.Topic: Panel Study41. ________ indicates the amount of deviation in results obtained from a sample compared to the true population value.A. The halo effectB. Syntax errorC. Sample varianceD. Sampling errorAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques.Topic: SamplingTopic: Sampling Error42. You read in the newspaper that Proposition Q is favored by 57 percent of those polled. The results of the survey are said to be accurate within ±2 percentage points using a 95 percent level of confidence. From the information provided, it can be inferred that the actual population value is probably betweenA. 57 percent and 95 percent.B. 93 percent and 97 percent.C. 55 percent and 59 percent.D. 58 percent and 64 percent.APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques.Topic: Confidence Intervals43. Using a 95 percent confidence interval, Mike reports that 48 percent to 52 percent of the population favors Proposition D. The difference between 48 percent and 52 percent reflects theA. sampling error.B. sample size.C. census limits.D. confidence values.APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques.Topic: Confidence IntervalsTopic: Sampling Error44. Which of the following best describes the relationship between sample size and confidence interval?A. A larger sample size will reduce the size of the confidence interval.B. A smaller sample size will reduce the size of the confidence interval.C. A larger sample size will not affect the size of the confidence interval.D. A smaller sample size will not affect the size of the confidence interval.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques.Topic: Confidence IntervalsTopic: Sample Size45. Which of the following is an accurate statement about sample size?A. A smaller sample size will reduce the size of the confidence interval.B. Sample size is independent of the confidence interval.C. A larger sample size is needed for increased accuracy.D. Sample size is a constant percentage of the population size.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques.Topic: Sample Size46. With a ________ sampling technique, each member of the population has an equal probability of being selected for the sample.A. stratified randomB. clusterC. simple randomD. haphazardAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Simple Random Sampling47. ________ sampling has the advantage of a built-in assurance that the sample will accurately reflect the numerical composition of the various subgroups.A. HaphazardB. PurposiveC. ClusterD. Stratified randomAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Stratified Random Sampling48. It is important to use ________ sampling when researchers want to make precise statements about a specific population on the basis of the results of their survey.A. haphazardB. quotaC. purposiveD. probabilityAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques.Topic: Probability Sampling49. Ricardo wants to study the academic performance of graduate students in the United States. First, he decides that he will study schools in only 15 states and he randomly selects those states. He then randomly selects 30 schools from these 15 states. Over a period of 3 months, Ricardo travels to these 30 schools and studies the academic performance of their students. Identify the sampling technique used by Ricardo in this scenario.A. haphazard samplingB. cluster samplingC. quota samplingD. purposive samplingAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Cluster Sampling50. The head of the psychology department in a university is interested in finding the attitudes of psychology students toward implementing an internship as a requirement for completion of the degree. She obtains a list of all students who are psychology majors, randomly selects 100 students from the list, and surveys those who are selected. What type of sampling technique has she employed?A. stratified random samplingB. cluster samplingC. haphazard samplingD. simple random samplingAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Simple Random Sampling51. Which of the following is a probability sampling technique?A. quota samplingB. simple random samplingC. purposive samplingD. haphazard samplingAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Simple Random Sampling52. To assess the presidential candidate preferences of the registered voters in Maricopa County, a researcher classifies the voters by social class and age. The researcher randomly selects voters from each subgroup according to its proportion in the entire county. This sampling technique is called ________ sampling.A. simple randomB. stratified randomC. haphazardD. quotaAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Stratified Random Sampling53. The city council wants to examine their citizens' opinions about allowing dogs at the city's beaches. It prepares a list of all the blocks in the city and randomly selects 20 percent of the blocks to sample. It then surveys all residents of the selected city blocks. Which of the following sampling techniques does this sampling strategy exemplify?A. quota samplingB. stratified random samplingC. cluster samplingD. simple random samplingAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Cluster Sampling54. Angelika wants to study how sixth graders perform in math exams. She obtains a list of all the districts in the state, randomly selects 5 percent of the districts, and administers achievement tests to all sixth graders in these districts. The sampling method used by Angelika is called ________ sampling.A. clusterB. quotaC. stratified randomD. haphazardAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Cluster Sampling55. An employment agency wants to examine the employment rate in a city. The employment agency divides the population into the following subgroups: age, gender, graduates, nongraduates, and discipline of graduation. The employment agency then indiscriminately selects sample members from each of these subgroups. This is an example ofA. stratified random sampling.B. convenience sampling.C. simple random sampling.D. purposive sampling.APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.Topic: Stratified Random Sampling56. Jake wants to know how many students in his college are interested in playing football. He stands near the college cafeteria and asks students passing by about their views and interests of the game. This is an example ofA. stratified random sampling.B. cluster sampling.C. quota sampling.D. convenience sampling.APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling.Topic: Convenience SamplingTopic: Nonprobability Sampling57. Keziah stands outside a grocery store on the west side of her town and surveys exiting shoppers about their preference in frozen desserts. What type of sampling technique does Keziah's survey represent?A. cluster samplingB. nonprobability samplingC. stratified random samplingD. simple random samplingAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling.Topic: Nonprobability Sampling58. Ronald, a research student, is interested in knowing about the cleanliness and facilities provided at a park in his neighborhood. He goes to the park in the morning and asks only couples and senior citizens passing by the park to fill out his questionnaire. This is an example ofA. purposive sampling.B. cluster sampling.C. quota sampling.D. simple random sampling.APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling.Topic: Nonprobability SamplingTopic: Purposive Sampling59. A researcher stands outside a restaurant and asks only teenagers leaving the restaurant if they enjoyed the food there. What type of sampling technique has the researcher employed?A. stratified random samplingB. cluster samplingC. simple random samplingD. purposive samplingAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling.Topic: Nonprobability SamplingTopic: Purposive Sampling60. Which of the following is true of quota sampling?A. It is commonly referred to as stratified sampling.B. It uses the random sampling technique to select members from subgroups.C. It places strict restrictions on how individuals in various subgroups should be chosen.D. It is likely to introduce bias into the sample.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling.Topic: Quota Sampling61. As people exit the polling booth, researchers ask those between the ages of 20 and 40 how they voted on the various propositions on the ballot in order to predict election outcomes. This sampling method is called ________ sampling.A. clusterB. quotaC. purposiveD. haphazardAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: ApplyDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling.Topic: Purposive Sampling62. Which of the following is true of purposive sampling?A. It is less time consuming and efficient than haphazard sampling.B. It is the cheapest form of random sampling.C. It only includes those types of individuals that a researcher is interested in studying.D. It eliminates any form of bias during the sampling procedure.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling.Topic: Purposive Sampling63. The ________ in a survey is simply the percentage of people in the sample who actually completed the survey.A. sampling frameB. response setC. response rateD. confidence intervalAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe how samples are evaluated for potential bias, including sampling frame and response rate.Topic: Response Rate64. The ________ is the actual population of individuals, or clusters, from which a random sample will be drawn.A. response setB. focus groupC. sampling frameD. confidence intervalAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty Level: EasyLearning Objective: Describe how samples are evaluated for potential bias, including sampling frame and response rate.Topic: Sampling Frame65. In general, the lower the response rate for a survey, theA. greater the confidence one has in generalizing the results.B. lower the confidence one has in the validity of the test.C. greater the likelihood of biases distorting the findings.D. lower the likelihood of sampling errors distorting the findings.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe how samples are evaluated for potential bias, including sampling frame and response rate.Topic: Sampling Frame66. Which of the following is an advantage of convenience samples?A. They make it less expensive and easier for the researcher to obtain research participants.B. They are very effective in eliminating sample bias.C. They help in generalizing the research data to the entire U.S. population.D. They provide an accurate representation of the entire population.APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe how samples are evaluated for potential bias, including sampling frame and response rate.Topic: Convenience Sampling67. Psychology researchers are often not worried about obtaining random samples from the "general population" for their research becauseA. random samples are too difficult to obtain.B. relationships between variables will change over time.C. most psychological research is focused on studying the relationships between variables even though the sample may be biased.D. populations are similar regardless of where the samples are obtained from.APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: MediumLearning Objective: Describe how samples are evaluated for potential bias, including sampling frame and response rate.Topic: Random SampleTopic: Sampling68. When might a researcher might want to use an alternative to a simple agree-disagree scale for a questionnaire?A. when the researcher is avoiding use of a high-frequency or low-frequency measureB. when the anticipated range of responses should not or could not include a "neutral" midpointC. when the sample size is particularly lowD. when the researcher needs only to label the endpoints on the scaleAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty Level: HardLearning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions.Topic: Rating Scales

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 68

APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology 33

APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains 16

APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology 19

Blooms: Apply 19

Blooms: Remember 20

Blooms: Understand 29

Difficulty Level: Easy 21

Difficulty Level: Hard 19

Difficulty Level: Medium 28

Learning Objective: Compare the two ways to administer surveys: written questionnaires and oral interviews. 6

Learning Objective: Define interviewer bias. 2

Learning Objective: Describe a panel study. 2

Learning Objective: Describe convenience (or haphazard) sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling. 7

Learning Objective: Describe different ways to construct questionnaire responses, including closed-ended questions, open-ended questions, and rating scales. 10

Learning Objective: Describe how samples are evaluated for potential bias, including sampling frame and response rate. 5

Learning Objective: Describe simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling. 9

Learning Objective: Discuss reasons for conducting survey research. 7

Learning Objective: Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques. 6

Learning Objective: Identify factors to consider when writing questions for interviews and questionnaires, including defining research objectives and wording the questions. 14

Topic: Administering Surveys 3

Topic: Closed- Ended Questions 4

Topic: Cluster Sampling 3

Topic: Confidence Intervals 3

Topic: Convenience Sampling 2

Topic: Double-Barreled Questions 2

Topic: Finalizing the Questionnaire 1

Topic: Focus Group Interviews 2

Topic: Graphic Rating Scale 1

Topic: Interviewer Bias 2

Topic: Interviews 2

Topic: Loaded Questions 3

Topic: Negative Wording 2

Topic: Nonprobability Sampling 4

Topic: Online Surveys 2

Topic: Open-Ended Questions 2

Topic: Panel Study 2

Topic: Probability Sampling 1

Topic: Purposive Sampling 4

Topic: Question Wording 9

Topic: Questionnaires 2

Topic: Quota Sampling 1

Topic: Random Sample 1

Topic: Rating Scales 3

Topic: Research Objectives 2

Topic: Response Rate 1

Topic: Response Set 3

Topic: Responses to Questions 6

Topic: Sample Size 2

Topic: Sampling 2

Topic: Sampling Error 2

Topic: Sampling Frame 2

Topic: Semantic Differential Scale 2

Topic: Simple Random Sampling 3

Topic: Simplicity 2

Topic: Social Desirability Response Set 3

Topic: Stratified Random Sampling 3

Topic: Survey Research 2

Topic: Yea-Saying and Nay-Saying 2