Ch6 Test Bank Analyzing Data When You Are Comparing Two - Final Test Bank | Statistics for Human Service Evaluation 1e by York by Reginald O. York. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 6: Analyzing Data When You Are Comparing Two Groups
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. A test of hypothesis involving the comparison of mean scores of two distinct groups on a variable of interest that is measured at the interval level, requires the use of:
a. the dependent samples t Test
b. pearson’s product moment correlation
c. the independent samples t Test
d. the one-sample t Test
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Analyzing Data When You Are Comparing Two Groups Using the Independent t Test and Chi Square
Difficulty Level: Difficult
2. When you analyze evaluative data and you need to establish if there is statistical significance in the mean difference between two groups, the statistic you employ will be determined by:
a. the sample size
b. the structure of the data
c. the type of hypothesis
d. the study question
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Analyzing Data When You Are Comparing Two Groups Using the Independent t Test and Chi Square
Difficulty Level: Difficult
3. When you employ SPSS to test hypothesis, the default is:
a. one-tailed test
b. statistical significance test
c. two-tailed test
d. estimation of margin of error
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using the Independent Samples t Test When You are Comparing the Gain Scores of Two Groups
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. The two pieces of evidence that you need for your hypothesis to be supported by your data:
a. large sample and your data must be in the hypothesized direction
b. the findings from the hypothesis test must be statistically significant
c. large sample and your data need not be in the hypothesized direction
d. your data must be in the hypothesized direction and the findings from the hypothesis test must be statistically significant
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. When you report statistical significance of the mean scores of the two groups and whether the difference is statistically significant or not, you will report the values of:
a. mean and standard deviation
b. standard error and the degrees of freedom
c. the f ratio and variance
d. t and p
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. Practical significance is addressed by:
a. the magnitude of the difference in mean scores between the two groups
b. the effect size
c. the magnitude of the difference in mean scores between the two groups and the effect size
d. reports from the sample
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. With the independent samples t Test, the effect size is:
a. the difference in the mean scores of the two groups in the study
b. the average score of each of the two groups with the pretest scores of the groups used as a threshold
c. the number of standard deviations of difference between the two groups
d. the size of the sample in each group
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Difficult
8. Of the advantages of reporting the effect size, the major one is:
a. it is easy to estimate the difference in mean scores
b. it is standardized
c. it is useful in comparing different studies
d. it is standardized and it is useful in comparing the effect size of other studies that may have employed different measurement tools
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Difficult
9. An evaluative researcher is studying the impact of mindfulness training in increasing emotional intelligence, using a comparison group design and noticed that his/her study has a higher mean gain of emotional intelligence between the treatment group and the comparison group than another study that too was studying the impact of increasing emotional intelligence using a comparison group design, while using a different scale to measure emotional intelligence. What is necessary to make a meaningful comparison of your study with the other study’s findings, particularly in estimating the practical significance of your study?
a. p value of both the studies
b. effect size of both the studies
c. just the gain score in the emotional intelligence of the treatment groups
d. just the standard deviations of both the studies’ posttest mean scores
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Difficult
10. When you report the findings of your study, you will report:
a. the value of t
b. the sample size
c. the sample size and the effect size
d. the value of t, the sample size, the value of p, and the effect size
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Reporting the Findings of Your Analysis
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. The specifications in SPSS using, “Analyze”, followed by selecting “Compare means” from the drop down menu and choosing “Independent samples t Test” will allow you to:
a. find the mean difference between the pretest scores and posttest scores of one group only
b. find the mean difference between the posttest scores of one group and compare it to a threshold group
c. find the mean difference in gain between two different groups
d. compute correlations
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using SPSS for the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Difficult
12. In the SPSS procedure for using the Independent samples t Test, the “Test variable” in the dialog box, refers to the:
a. pretest score
b. posttest score
c. gain score
d. sample size
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using SPSS for the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. The output for the independent samples t Test has two lines of data and the choice of line for interpretation is determined by the:
a. means test
b. standard deviation
c. test for equality of variances
d. F Ratio
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using SPSS for the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Difficult
14. Measuring the dependent variable in simply mutually exclusive categories such as “improved” or “not improved” for both a treatment group and a comparison group statistical significance can be established by:
a. one-sample t Test
b. independent samples t Test
c. chi square test
d. Spearman’s rho
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using Chi Square to Compare Two Groups When You Have a Dichotomous Dependent Variable
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. The expected frequencies in a chi square table are:
a. those that would indicate relationship between the two variables
b. those that would indicate absolutely no relationship between the two variables
c. those that would indicate some relationship between the two variables
d. those that would indicate moderate relationship between the two variables
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using Chi Square to Compare Two Groups When You Have a Dichotomous Dependent Variable
Difficulty Level: Difficult
16. Practical significance is examined, when you use chi square for dichotomous data, by comparing the proportions of people in each group who succeeded and by referring to:
a. Cramer’s V
b. Fischer exact probability test
c. Proportions
d. phi coefficient
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using Excel to Compute Chi Square for Two Groups
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
1. When you have data on each person in each of two groups, with pretest and posttest measurements for each person in these two different groups, you cannot compute the gain score for each.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using the Independent Samples t Test When You are Comparing the Gain Scores of Two Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. When you choose to use directional hypothesis, such as “The posttest scores on the scale for depression will be less than the pretest scores on depression,” you have reason to predict the outcome of your intervention in reducing depression.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using the Independent Samples t Test When You are Comparing the Gain Scores of Two Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. SPSS has its default setting for one-tailed test and Excel allows you to do two-tailed test.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using the Independent Samples t Test When You are Comparing the Gain Scores of Two Groups
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. The understanding of the meaning of a given difference in the mean scores between two groups on the study variable is important for reaching a conclusion about practical significance of the study findings as merely stating an opinion regarding practical significance is not an acceptable way of reporting practical significance.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. When the difference in gain scores may be identical in two studies, the effect size is bound to be identical.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. For a study to have an impressive effect size, if the variance in scores is high, the magnitude of difference in mean scores between the two groups must be small.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Statistical Significance and Practical Significance When You Employ the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. In comparing the scores of two groups, using independent t Test in Excel, you will enter the gain scores of each of your two groups and you will not enter either the pretest or posttest scores.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using Excel for the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. When you report your study findings you are not required to report on whether your hypothesis was supported or not, by the findings.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Reporting the Findings of Your Analysis
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. An effect size of two is considered a small effect size.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Reporting the Findings of Your Analysis
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. In the SPSS procedure for using the independent samples t Test, the “Grouping Variable” refers to the specifications pertaining to the two groups used in the study.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using SPSS for the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. After conducting the independent samples t Test, when you notice that the treatment group’s mean is higher as you hypothesized, it is not necessary to know whether the higher mean score for the treatment group is statistically significant.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using SPSS for the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. The output from the SPSS analysis provides you with the effect size.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using SPSS for the Independent Samples t Test
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. In reporting the findings of your independent samples t Test, it is sufficient to report the value of t and the sample size.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Reporting the Findings of Your Analysis
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. When you compare two groups and when you have a dichotomous dependent variable, you can employ either the special Excel file or SPSS, for the examination of the relationship between the two variables.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using Chi Square to Compare Two Groups When You Have a Dichotomous Dependent Variable
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. Chi square is appropriate for very small samples even when the data have most of the cells with “expected frequencies” less than 5.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Using Chi Square to Compare Two Groups When You Have a Dichotomous Dependent Variable
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. When you employ the chi square statistic for dichotomous data, you should report the table showing the data, the value of chi square, and the phi coefficient.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Reporting the Findings of Your Analysis
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
1. Please explain the importance of statistical and practical significance in evaluative research, with special reference to the two group comparison design using dichotomous nominal variables.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using Excel to Compute Chi Square for Two Groups
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Under what conditions would you employ the Fisher exact probability test?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Using SPSS to Compute the Fisher Exact Probability Test for Small Samples
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. Please explain to an evaluative researcher, the procedure for computing chi square for two groups on a dichotomous variable using SPSS.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension and application
Answer Location: Using SPSS to Compute Chi Square for Two Groups
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Document Information
Connected Book
Final Test Bank | Statistics for Human Service Evaluation 1e by York
By Reginald O. York
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