Ch5 Photosynthesis Test Bank Docx

Chapter 05

Photosynthesis

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which organism depends on photosynthesis for its life?
2. a coral
3. an oak tree
4. a human
5. a sea slug
6. All of the answer choices are correct.
7. Which of these organism(s) photosynthesizes?
8. plants, algae, and cyanobacteria
9. plants
10. cyanobacteria
11. lizards
12. algae
13. Photosynthesis is
14. a chemical process not dependent on chlorophyll.
15. not an oxidation-reduction reaction.
16. a set of reactions that produces water and carbon dioxide.
17. an energy transfer process that produces glucose and oxygen.
18. None of the answer choices is correct.
19. The reactions of photosynthesis may be summarized as
20. 6CO + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
21. 12CO2 + 6H2O → C12H12O6 + 6H2O
22. 6CO + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6H2O
23. 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
24. The reactants of photosynthesis are
25. oxygen and water.
26. sunlight and carbon dioxide.
27. water and carbon dioxide.
28. water and glucose.
29. sunlight and chlorophyll.
30. The main organic product of photosynthesis is
31. glucose.
32. carbon dioxide.
33. protein.
34. triglyceride.
35. chlorophyll.
36. The main by-product molecule of photosynthesis that is released into the environment is
37. carbon dioxide.
38. oxygen.
39. glucose.
40. ATP.
41. chlorophyll.
42. The primary pigment molecule needed for photosynthesis is
43. carotenoid.
44. chlorophyll b.
45. glucose.
46. carbon dioxide. E. chlorophyll a.

True / False Questions

1. In addition to providing energy to the organism conducting photosynthesis, photosynthesis also provides raw materials and energy for heterotrophic organisms.

True False

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of these groups represents organisms that are heterotrophs?
2. all organisms that developed after photosynthesis
3. All of the organisms in domain Eukarya.
4. microorganisms that use organic carbon for energy, fungi, and earthworms
5. photosynthesizing bacteria, algae, ferns, and pine trees
6. microorganisms that harness solar energy, converting it to chemical energy
7. The energy source for the process of photosynthesis is
8. carbon dioxide.
9. sunlight.
10. oxygen.
11. chlorophyll.
12. glucose.
13. Which of the following is not a net product or reactant of photosynthesis?
14. carbon dioxide
15. glucose
16. water
17. oxygen
18. ATP
19. The survival of most organisms is immediately threatened if they live at the site of a catastrophic forest fire, volcanic eruption, or dust storm. These events, however, can launch soot, ash, or dust into different levels of the atmosphere, measurably lowering available sunlight at locations thousands of miles from the

site. The are most quickly and strongly impacted at these distances, with lack of growth and reproduction.

1. autotrophs, such as crops and woodlands
2. heterotrophs, such as humans and livestock
3. deep-sea thermal vent communities
4. All of the answer choices are correct.
5. All of the organisms in domain Bacteria.
6. Organisms that rely on the consumption of preexisting organic molecules for life are called
7. autotrophs.
8. animorphs.
9. plants.
10. heterotrophs.
11. None of the answer choices is correct.
12. Organisms that make their own organic compounds from inorganic substances are called
13. animals.
14. animorphs.
15. autotrophs.
16. heterotrophs.
17. The proportion of oxygen in our atmosphere today
18. has increased gradually over the past billion years as a result of cyanobacteria.
19. has increased to 20% since before photosynthesis.
20. has remained about the same since the first organisms developed.
21. has decreased to 10%, from higher levels before photosynthesis.
22. increased rapidly since the development of water-splitting photosynthesis and eukaryotes.
23. Discrete packets of kinetic energy in light are called
24. lasers.
25. grana.
26. photons.
27. protons.
28. electrons.
29. The three main energetic components of sunlight are
30. gamma rays, visible light, and infrared radiation.
31. visible light, radio waves, and ultraviolet radiation.
32. ultraviolet radiation, visible light, and x-rays.
33. ultraviolet radiation, visible light, and infrared radiation.
34. microwaves, visible light, and ultraviolet radiation.
35. Thinking about the wavelength of light compared to its energy, which of these portions of the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest amount of energy?
36. orange light, at 640 nm
37. green light, at 510 nm
38. ultraviolet light, at 330 nm
39. yellow light, at 590 nm
40. blue-green light, at 450 nm
41. The organelle that carries out photosynthesis in plants is the
42. lysosome.
43. chlorophyll.
44. chloroplast.
45. ribosome.
46. mitochondria.
47. The membrane studded with photosynthetic pigments in plant cells is the
48. chlorophyll.
49. granum.
50. chloroplast.
51. thylakoid.
52. stroma.
53. A gelatinous fluid inside the chloroplast containing ribosomes, DNA, and enzymes is the
54. chlorophyll.
55. mitochondrion.
56. stroma.
57. thylakoid.
58. granum.
59. Examples of accessory pigments for photosynthesis are
60. carotenoids, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll a.
61. chlorophyll a and carotenoids.
62. chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.
63. mitochondria and chlorophyll a.
64. chlorophyll b and carotenoids.
65. Accessory pigments include molecules that reflect reds, oranges, and yellows. Leaves of many plants show these colors in the fall because
66. the cooler weather causes the plant to produce more of the accessory photosynthetic pigments.
67. the chlorophyll in the leaves degrades as the plants shed leaves.
68. the lessening of daylight as winter approaches causes the plant to produce more of the accessory photosynthetic pigments.
69. plants produce more chlorophyll.
70. All of the answer choices are correct.
71. The energy sources needed for the light reactions and the carbon reactions, respectively, are
72. Sunlight serves as the energy source for both sets of photosynthetic reactions.
73. ATP and carbon dioxide.
74. sunlight and ATP.
75. ATP and sunlight.
76. sunlight and carbon dioxide.
77. In this cross-section of a typical plant leaf, the are where photosynthesis takes place.

1. stomata
2. mesophyll cells
3. air spaces
4. stromata
5. outer epidermis cells

True / False Questions

1. As this graph shows, photosynthesizing eukaryotes have several pigments and accessory pigments that selectively capture the green wavelengths of photons for

photosynthesis.

True False

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Photosystem II produces
2. water and NADPH.
3. oxygen.
4. both oxygen and high-energy electrons.
5. water.
6. high-energy electrons.
7. Photosystem I initiates the electron transport chain that produces
8. water.
9. NADPH.
10. glucose.
11. NADH.
12. ATP.

Examine this image, showing an electron transport chain in photosynthesis.

1. The electrons flowing through the electron transport chains in photosynthesis come from and end up being carried by _.
2. oxygen; NADPH
3. oxygen; water
4. NADPH; water

D. water; NADPH

E. NADPH; oxygen

1. What is released at each step in an electron transport chain?
2. carbon dioxide
3. photons
4. ultraviolet wavelengths
5. energy
6. electrons
7. Photosystem I and photosystem II are, respectively, part of
8. the carbon reactions only.
9. the carbon reaction and the light reactions.
10. respiration.
11. the light reactions and the carbon reactions.
12. the light reactions only.
13. The main product of the Calvin cycle is
14. carbon dioxide.
15. a carbohydrate.
16. oxygen.
17. ATP.
18. NADPH.
19. Tiny openings in the leaf epidermis that allow gas exchange in and out of the leaf are
20. stomata.
21. thylakoid spaces.
22. stroma.
23. thylakoids.
24. grana.
25. The Calvin cycle
26. is a linear reactive pathway that produces ATP and NADPH to drive other cell processes.
27. is a linear pathway that passes high-energy electrons to glucose molecules.
28. is a cyclic reactive pathway that produces ATP and NADPH to drive other cell processes.
29. is a linear reactive pathway that produces three-carbon molecules from CO2.
30. is a cyclic reactive pathway that produces three-carbon molecules from CO2.
31. Rubisco combines ribulose bisphosphate with carbon from
32. ATP.
33. glucose.
34. carbon dioxide.
35. carbon monoxide.
36. organic compounds.
37. Which of the following pathways would be used for photosynthesis by a cactus found in the desert?
38. C4 pathway
39. C3 pathway
40. CAM pathway
41. Krebs cycle
42. All of the answer choices are correct.
43. Which plants keep their stomata open only at night?
44. All plants leave their stomata open only at night.
45. C4
46. CAM
47. All plants leave their stomata open only in the daytime.
48. C3
49. In photosynthesis, the carbon in CO2 is being to form glucose.
50. reduced
51. broken down
52. oxidized
53. respired
54. energized
55. The carbon atoms in cellulose found in a log originally came from absorbed by the plant.
56. glucose in the roots,
57. oxygen in the atmosphere,
58. water in the soil,
59. carbon dioxide in the air,
60. nutrients in the soil,
61. In photosystem II of photosynthesis, the H2O molecules are split to form a proton gradient and put electrons in the electron transport chain. This step indicates H2O is initially
62. respired.
63. reduced.
64. energized.
65. broken down.
66. oxidized.
67. Burning a log is an example of a combustion reaction. This type of reaction is a reverse reaction of photosynthesis. Based on this information, what products would be formed from burning a log?
68. carbon dioxide and water
69. oxygen and carbon dioxide
70. oxygen and water
71. glucose and oxygen
72. carbon dioxide and glucose
73. Before photosynthetic cells became abundant, were not widespread.
74. cells using aerobic respiration
75. chemoautotrophs
76. cyanobacteria
77. heterotrophs
78. cells using anaerobic respiration
79. If ozone layers in the atmosphere are depleted
80. more infrared wavelength radiation will reach Earth's surface, causing more cases of skin cancer.
81. more ultraviolet wavelength radiation will reach Earth's surface, causing more genetic damage in organisms.
82. less visible wavelength radiation will reach Earth's surface, causing an increase in photosynthesis.
83. less ultraviolet wavelength radiation will reach Earth's surface, causing global cooling.
84. less infrared wavelength radiation will reach Earth's surface, causing global warming.
85. Blue light has energy than red light and is by a green leaf.
86. less; absorbed
87. more; absorbed
88. more; reflected
89. less; reflected
90. equal; reflected
91. When a plant encounters stressful hot and dry conditions, the
92. stomata close, and depending on the plant, will decrease or increase gas exchange.
93. stomata close, increasing gas exchange.
94. stomata open, decreasing gas exchange.
95. stomata open, increasing gas exchange.
96. stomata close, decreasing gas exchange.
97. When NADP+ in the light cycle it is , forming NADPH.
98. donates electrons; oxidized
99. accepts electrons; reduced
100. accepts electrons; stabilized
101. accepts electrons; oxidized
102. donates electrons; reduced
103. In the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide molecules are reduced by the addition of electrons carried from the light reactions by
104. water.
105. oxygen.
106. NADP+.
107. ATP.
108. NADPH.
109. Plants require a lot of water for hydration, metabolism, homeostasis, and photosynthesis. How is water used in photosynthesis?
110. as an electron donor in the photosystems
111. to combine with NADP+ to form NADPH
112. to combine with ADP to form ATP
113. as an electron acceptor in the electron transport chain
114. as a substrate for ATP synthase
115. Water provides electrons, hydrogens, and oxygen in photosystem I. The resulting electrons in photosystem I
116. replace the electrons lost by chlorophylls.
117. are added to hydrogens so they can be transported across the thylakoid membranes more easily.
118. directly pass through ATP synthase enzymes to activate them in transforming ADP to ATP.
119. are added back to oxygen.
120. are used by the rubisco enzyme to complete carbon fixation with RuBP and CO2.
121. What will happen to the pH inside of a thylakoid that is exposed to light?
122. It will increase.
123. It will depend on the starting pH of the stroma.
124. It will depend on the starting pH in the thylakoid.
125. It will not change.
126. It will decrease.
127. If a thylakoid is placed in a basic solution, ATP synthesis will occur. How is this possible?
128. The carbon reactions are blocked in the thylakoid at high pH.
129. A proton gradient is created by the difference in pH.
130. ATP cannot be broken down at low pH.
131. An electron gradient is created by the difference in pH.
132. ATP is formed spontaneously at low pH.
133. A plant performing photosynthesis will produce and consume .
134. oxygen; carbon dioxide
135. oxygen; water
136. carbon dioxide; oxygen
137. carbon dioxide; water
138. water; carbon dioxide
139. In the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide molecules are reduced by the addition of electrons carried from the light reactions by
140. NADP+.
141. oxygen.
142. NADPH.
143. ATP.
144. water.
145. Why is photorespiration more of a problem for a plant when their stomata are closed?
146. Oxygen, from water in photosystem I, cannot leave the leaf, and competes with carbon dioxide for rubisco's active site.
147. Oxygen, from photosystem I, cannot leave the leaf and causes hypertension to occur in the leaves.
148. Carbon dioxide levels increase from the light reactions, and compete with oxygen for rubisco's active site.
149. Oxygen cannot enter the leaf, blocking normal respiration, so the plants switch to photorespiration.
150. Water is lost when the stomata are open, and is not available to accept electrons from photosystem I.
151. How do C4 plants minimize photorespiration?
152. Stomata are only opened at night, storing oxygen in malate. During the day, the oxygen is released for photosynthesis.
153. The light reactions and the Calvin cycle occur in different cells, so carbon dioxide does not come into contact with rubisco.
154. Stomata are only opened at night, storing carbon dioxide in the stromata. During the day, the carbon dioxide is released for photosynthesis.
155. The light reactions and the Calvin cycle occur in different cells, so oxygen does not come into contact with rubisco.
156. Stomata are only opened at night, storing carbon dioxide in malate. During the day, the carbon dioxide is released for photosynthesis.
157. How do CAM plants minimize photorespiration?
158. Stomata are only opened at night, storing carbon dioxide in the stromata. During the day the carbon dioxide is released for photosynthesis.
159. Stomata are only opened at night, storing carbon dioxide in malate. During the day the carbon dioxide is released for photosynthesis.
160. The light reactions and the Calvin cycle occur in different cells, so oxygen does not come into contact with rubisco.
161. Stomata are only opened at night, storing oxygen in malate. During the day the oxygen is released for photosynthesis.
162. The light reactions and the Calvin cycle occur in different cells, so carbon dioxide does not come into contact with rubisco.
163. What is a product of the electron transport chain started by photosystem II?
164. NADPH
165. oxygen
166. glucose
167. water
168. ADP

True / False Questions

1. Most biologists would agree that the most important metabolic pathway of living organisms is photosynthesis.

True False

1. The rise of photosynthetic organisms increased the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere.

True False

1. Grana, thylakoids, and chloroplasts are cellular structures important to the process of photosynthesis.

True False

1. The primary photosynthetic pigment, chlorophyll a, reflects most orange light that reaches it.

True False

1. The light reactions use ATP as their energy source.

True False

1. The Calvin cycle produces ATP and NADPH.

True False

1. When chlorophyll a absorbs light, electrons are "excited" and ejected from the chlorophyll a molecule.

True False

1. For most lawn grasses to grow well in hot, dry weather, they must be watered so that their stomata will remain open for longer periods of time to let in O2.

True False

1. C4 plants and CAM plants fix carbon twice during the photosynthetic reactions.

True False