Ch5 Musculoskeletal System Structure, Function, Exam Prep

Chapter 5. Musculoskeletal System: Structure, Function, and Evaluation

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. You are doing an orthopedic evaluation on a 13-month-old child. The parents are concerned that the child is not walking. Select the finding that is atypical in a 13-month-old child.

____ 2. Select the factor that contributes to neonatal hip instability.

____ 3. When performing the hip prone extension test, you should:

____ 4. A full-term, typically developing neonate will have which of the following limitations in range of motion?

____ 5. Select the correct definition.

____ 6. Measuring a child’s thigh-foot angle gives you an indication of the amount of:

____ 7. It is common to see the most significant genu valgum posture (knock-kneed) in children around __________ year(s) of age.

____ 8. After initial development, bone shape can be changed through a process called:

____ 9. Variability in joint angle or kinematic patterns during gait is most common in:

____ 10. Cadence is:

____ 11. The clavicle, mandible, and facial and cranial flat bones develop directly in vascularized mesenchyme through a process called:

____ 12. The spine of a newborn infant is initially in a:

____ 13. The kinematics of a child’s gait are generally mature by which age?

____ 14. Reciprocal arm swing:

____ 15. You see an 8-year-old in the clinic who presents with an in-toeing gait and no history of atypical development or any neuromuscular disorder. When you observe her, bilaterally, her patellae seem to be pointing medially. Which of the following should you examine first?

____ 16. Which of the following is one of the five indicators of mature gait?

____ 17. You are performing a musculoskeletal examination with a 6-year-old boy who was brought into the clinic by his mother for a mild limp but no pain or other complaints. You observe him walking, favoring his left side. Which one of the following would be an appropriate screening maneuver to do with him?

____ 18. The entire infant lower extremity is in a posture of external rotation at rest. The major reason for this is:

____ 19. Infants at birth have increased hip lateral rotation. This decreases over time for primarily which reasons?

True/False

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____ 20. A flexible flat foot in a typically developing 3½-year-old is a concerning finding and should be referred to an orthopedic physician for further evaluation.

____ 21. To estimate the amount of metatarsus adductus present, you should draw a line that bisects the child’s metatarsals and then draw a second line that is perpendicular to this line and bisects the calcaneus.

____ 22. A tape measure is a more accurate method to measure an actual leg length discrepancy than the block method.

____ 23. Cartilage provides the initial prenatal structure for the development of bone.

____ 24. It is typical for a 24-month-old to have a hip flexion contracture of about 10 degrees.

Chapter 05