Ch.4 Test Bank Answers Test Bank Body Basics Schiff

Chapter 04 Test Bank: Body Basics

Human Body Basics

1. Which of the following statements is true?A. An organelle is the smallest living component of the human body.B. A cell is comprised of related tissues.C. The body is comprised of organ systems.D. Cells that have unrelated functions are organized into tissues.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyOrganization of the Human Body

2. An _____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions.A. organelleB. organC. anionD. electrolyteAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologySmallest Functional Unit

3. The ____ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism.A. cellB. organelleC. atomD. mitochondrionAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyMitochondrion

4. A mitochondrion is a type of cell found in the human body.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyOrganelle

5. A mitochondrion is a type of organelle that is in human cells.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyWhat are Organelles?

6. Human cells contain organelles, including ribosomes and mitochondria.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyDNA

7. DNA contains coded information that enables human cells to make micronutrients, including as iron and vitamin C.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyBasic Chemistry

8. Which of the following statements is true?A. Protons are negatively charged particles.B. Acids are substances that gain hydrogen ions.C. Electrons are positively charged particles.D. Matter is comprised of atoms.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryProtons

9. Protons carry negative charges.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryElectrons

10. Electrons are small, negatively charged particles that surround the nucleus of a cell.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryBasic Chemistry Terms

11. Iron, calcium, and carbon are ________.A. elementsB. compoundsC. basesD. solventsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryMore Basic Chemistry Terms

12. Phosphorus, potassium, and sodium are ________.A. compoundsB. electronsC. elementsD. organellesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryIdentifying Minerals

13. _____ is a mineral nutrient.A. CarbonB. HydrogenC. IronD. NitrogenAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryIdentifying Mineral Nutrients

14. _____ is a mineral nutrient.A. NitrogenB. HydrogenC. OxygenD. CalciumAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryCatalysts

15. An _____ is a compound that speeds up (catalyzes) a chemical reaction.A. organelleB. anionC. enzymeD. acidAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Learning Outcome: 04.01.03 Explain the role of enzymes in many chemical reactions.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryReaction Rates

16. A scientist discovers a new chemical in the leaves of a rare tropical plant. When trying to determine the role of the chemical, the scientist determined that it is not a structural part of the plant's cells or a pigment that contributes to the color of the plant's leaves. She was able to learn that the chemical sped up a particular chemical reaction involving the plant's metabolism. Based on this information, the new chemical is a (an) ________.A. solutionB. ileumC. enzymeD. sphincterAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Learning Outcome: 04.01.03 Explain the role of enzymes in many chemical reactions.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryCharged Atoms

17. A(n) _____ is an atom or a group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.A. ionB. enzymeC. solventD. diatomAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryHolding Atoms Together

18. The atoms of a compound, such as sugar, are held together by ________.A. active enzymesB. basic solutesC. chemical bondsD. osmotic attractionsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryLinking Atoms Together

19. A molecule forms when two or more atoms are attracted to each other and held together by ________.A. bondsB. solventsC. basesD. saltsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryAcid and Base Reactions

20. In chemistry class, Karl combines hydrochloric acid with a base called sodium hydroxide. This chemical reaction results in the formation of a ________.A. bufferB. tissueC. protonD. saltAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryOrgan Involved in Acid-Base Balance

21. Which of the following organs helps maintain the body's acid-base balance by removing excess hydrogen ions?A. SpleenB. HeartC. BrainD. KidneysAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: ChemistryTopic: MetabolismHigh pH

22. Which of the following substances has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water?A. Gastric juiceB. BloodC. Orange juiceD. Tomato juiceAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberFigure: 4.5Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistrypH Between Water and Ammonia

23. A liquid has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of household ammonia. Based on this information, the liquid is ________.A. a baking soda solutionB. black coffeeC. lemon juiceD. milkAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberFigure: 4.5Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistrypH Between Water and Oven Cleaner

24. A food has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of an oven cleaning solution. Based on this information, the food is ________.A. red wineB. lemon juiceC. egg whiteD. black coffeeAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberFigure: 4.5Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistrypH Between Water and Gastric Juice

25. A substance has a pH that is lower than the pH of pure water but higher than the pH of gastric juice. Based on this information, the substance is ________.A. baking sodaB. lemon juiceC. household ammoniaD. egg whiteAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberFigure: 4.5Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistrypH Between Tomatoes and Blood

26. A substance has a pH that is higher than the pH of tomatoes and lower than the pH of blood. Based on this information, the substance is ________.A. baking sodaB. egg whiteC. black coffeeD. lemon juiceAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberFigure: 4.5Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryHigher pH

27. When the pH of blood is higher than normal, the blood has become more acidic.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryLower pH

28. When the pH of blood is lower than normal, the blood has become more alkaline.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryComponents of Solutions

29. To make hot tea, Sonya adds boiling water to a cup that has a teabag in it. She waits about 5 minutes for the tea to steep, then removes the teabag. Before drinking the tea, she adds a teaspoon of sugar to the hot beverage. When added to the tea, the sugar is a ________.A. soluteB. solventC. diffusionD. bufferAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistrySolutions

30. Devon adds a little salt to a pot of water before he boils the water to cook pasta. When added to the water, the salt is a ________.A. bufferB. soluteC. diffuserD. solventAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryIons

31. An _____ is an ion that can conduct electricity.A. enzymeB. ampC. electrolyteD. atomAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryEnzymes

32. Which of the following statements is true?A. After an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction, it can no longer function.B. Enzymes can function as electrolytes.C. Enzymes can function under a wide range of environmental conditions, such as pH and temperature.D. Most enzymes have names that end with -ase.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.03 Explain the role of enzymes in many chemical reactions.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryDecomposition Reactions

33. A scientist wants to break down a carbohydrate called "maltose" into its component parts. To accomplish this task, she should ________.A. add maltase to a solution that contains maltoseB. heat maltose until it decomposesC. mix maltose with 10 ml of water to form a solutionD. combine maltose with copper and zinc ionsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.01.03 Explain the role of enzymes in many chemical reactions.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryDecomposition

34. The process of digestion in the human intestinal tract involves decomposition reactions.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.03 Explain the role of enzymes in many chemical reactions.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportChemical Reactions in the Body

35. _____ is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells.A. ChymeB. AnatomyC. HomeostasisD. MetabolismAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryAnabolism

36. Which of the following physiological changes is a result of anabolic chemical reactions?A. The liver's conversion of a large carbohydrate molecule into its component partsB. Enlargement of muscle tissue after 3 weeks of regular exerciseC. Breakdown of large food molecules within the lumen of the small intestineD. Loss of body fat during a week of starvationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryWhat is Anabolism?

37. Which of the following physiological changes is a result of anabolic chemical reactions?A. Breakdown of large food molecules within the lumen of the small intestineB. The liver's conversion of a large carbohydrate molecule into its component partsC. Loss of body fat during a week of starvationD. Addition of calcium and phosphorus to the thigh bone of a growing childAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryCatabolism

38. Which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reactions?A. Bone growth as a result of hormonal stimulation during pubertyB. Muscle mass enlargement as a result of lifting weightsC. Weight loss as a result of starvationD. Weight gain as a result of overeatingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryWhat is Catabolism?

39. Which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reactions?A. Muscle mass enlargement that occurs after lifting weightsB. Bone growth that occurs during adolescenceC. Weight gain that occurs after 3 weeks of overeatingD. Muscle loss that normally occurs in older adultsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme.Section: 4.01Topic: ChemistryCellular Communication

40. Certain organs and tissues use _____ to send messages to target cells.A. hormonesB. bondsC. lactealsD. enzymesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyBody System and Blood

41. Blood and blood vessels are primary components of the _____ system.A. circulatoryB. urinaryC. integumentaryD. nervousAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyFunction of Cardiovascular System

42. The primary function of the cardiovascular system is ________.A. production of red blood cellsB. destruction of toxic metabolic by-productsC. circulation of blood throughout the bodyD. regulation of body activitiesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyFunction of Digestive System

43. A primary function of the digestive system is the ________.A. destruction of toxic metabolic by-productsB. transmission of nervous impulsesC. breakdown of food into nutrientsD. production of red blood cellsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologySense of Taste

44. When she sampled a spoonful of hot soup, Bekha burnt the tip of her tongue. During the 24 hours that followed the injury, Bekha had difficulty detecting foods that tasted ________.A. meatyB. sourC. coldD. sweetAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTasting Foods

45. The sides of the tongue have taste buds that are only able to detect sweet-tasting items.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyBody System and the Brain

46. The brain and spinal cord are structures of the ____ system.A. integumentaryB. endocrineC. cardiovascularD. nervousAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Nervous systemBody System and Kidneys

47. The bladder and kidneys are organs of the _____ system.A. endocrineB. cardiovascularC. urinaryD. integumentaryAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyFunction of Salivary Glands

48. Bernetta has an autoimmune disease that affects salivary glands. As a result of this condition, Bernetta ________.A. develops numerous stomach ulcersB. has trouble swallowingC. cannot tolerate eating cold foodsD. digests food too rapidlyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportRole of Salivary Glands

49. Libby was born without salivary glands. As a result of this condition, she ________.A. digests food too rapidlyB. cannot tolerate eating cold foodsC. develops numerous stomach ulcersD. has trouble tasting foodAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportDigesting Food

50. The process of digesting food begins in the ________.A. colonB. esophagusC. mouthD. liverAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportPoor Salivary Gland Function

51. Rose has an autoimmune disease that destroyed her salivary glands. As a result of this condition, Rose probably ________.A. uses a lot of spices and sauces to season her foodsB. digests foods too quicklyC. must eat refined functional foodsD. has difficulty eliminating feces during bowel movementsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportAccessory Organs

52. Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?A. PancreasB. LiverC. GallbladderD. BrainAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportIdentifying Accessory Organs

53. Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?A. TongueB. SpleenC. PancreasD. LiverAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportAccessory Organ and Digestive System

54. The _____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system.A. jejunumB. colonC. epiglottisD. liverAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Digestion, absorption, and transportFunction of Salivary Amylase

55. Salivary glands secrete amylase, an enzyme that enables a minor amount of _____ to be digested in the mouth.A. proteinB. alcoholC. waterD. starchAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportLack of Salivary Amylase

56. Avi's salivary glands do not secrete amylase. As a result of his condition, his mouth cannot ________.A. begin starch digestionB. lubricate dry foodsC. begin fat digestionD. absorb alcoholAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportSmall Intestinal Lining

57. The lining of the small intestine is covered with _____, tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.A. neuronsB. lactealsC. arteriesD. villiAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportMovement of Food Through Digestive Tract

58. Small amounts of food move from the back of the mouth and through the esophagus by involuntary muscular movements called ________.A. peristalsisB. segmentationC. lipolysisD. gluconeogenesisAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportDefining Chyme

59. Chyme is the ________.A. organelle that maintains fluid balance within intestinal cellsB. material absorbed by lacteals that the liver must detoxify and excreteC. large particle that transports lipids throughout the bloodstreamD. semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomachAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportAbsorbing Water-Soluble Nutrients

60. After being absorbed, water-soluble nutrients such as glucose, fructose, iron, and vitamin C ________.A. combine to form chylomicrons that can be stored in the liverB. enter a capillary within the villus and are transported to the liver by the bloodstreamC. diffuse through the membrane of the intestinal cell and enter lymphD. pass into the lacteal of the villus and are transported to the pancreasAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportGut Bacteria

61. A healthy person has vast numbers of different kinds of bacteria living in his or her small intestine.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyAftermath of Lipid Absorption

62. After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into chylomicrons and enter ________.A. lacteals within the villiB. the gastroesophageal sphincterC. special cells lining the hepatic portal veinD. chymeAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportProbiotics

63. Which of the following statements is true?A. Diets that contain a lot of probiotics have been clinically proven to cure colon cancer.B. Prebiotics are immature probiotics.C. Prebiotics are harmful to gut microbiota.D. Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that live in the human large intestine.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Prebiotics and probioticsProbiotics and Foods

64. Which of the following foods is considered to be a probiotic?A. Breads and cereals made from refined enriched wheat flourB. Yogurt with live and active cultures of LactobacillusC. Fresh lean meatD. Eggs laid by hens that consume organic feedAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyTopic: Prebiotics and probioticsWhat's a Prebiotic?

65. Prebiotics are substances in food that the human body digests to form probiotics.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Prebiotics and probioticsPrebiotics in Foods

66. Which of the following foods is a rich source of prebiotics?A. EggsB. YogurtC. ButterD. SoybeansAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Prebiotics and probioticsSources of Prebiotics

67. Which of the following foods is a rich source of prebiotics?A. YogurtB. LegumesC. ButterD. EggsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Prebiotics and probioticsImbalance of Gut Microbiota

68. Antibiotic use can disrupt the normal balance and diversity of microbes in human intestinal tract.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestive disordersTopic: Prebiotics and probioticsGut Microbiota

69. Which of the following nutrients is made by gut microbiota?A. BiotinB. CholesterolC. ZincD. IronAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Prebiotics and probioticsNutrient Synthesis by Gut Microbes

70. Which of the following nutrients is made by gut microbiota?A. BiotinB. PotassiumC. SodiumD. BileAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health.Section: 4.03Topic: Prebiotics and probioticsUnderstanding Lipid Absorption

71. After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into ________.A. the lumenB. lactealsC. chylomicronsD. the hepatic portal veinAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportFunction of Lacteals

72. Leonard has a disease that causes his lacteals to become blocked. Based on this information, his ________.A. lumen does not allow chyme to enter the small intestineB. hepatic portal vein can ruptureC. ability to digest proteins is reducedD. intestinal tract does not absorb much fatAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportDigestive Tract Disorders

73. Last night, Sara ate French fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert, she had a chocolate milk shake. About an hour after eating this food, she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has ________.A. gallstonesB. aneurysmsC. colitisD. constipationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestive disordersIdentifying Stomach Secretions

74. Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?A. Hydrochloric acidB. Gastric juiceC. BileD. MucusAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportFunction of Villi

75. Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to _____ while he has this illness.A. absorb vitamins more rapidlyB. digest proteins more efficientlyC. develop gallstones.D. lose weight rapidlyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportSecretions of the Human Stomach

76. Which of the following compounds is (are) secreted by the human stomach?A. SalivaB. Bile saltsC. Gastric juiceD. ChymeAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Learning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportStomach Secretions

77. Which of the following compounds is secreted by the human stomach?A. ChymeB. Hydrochloric acidC. BileD. Salivary amylaseAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportBasic Digestive Physiology

78. Which of the following statements is true?A. The colon is the major site of nutrient absorption in the human digestive system.B. The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.C. The esophagus is the muscular valve that connects the stomach to the small intestine.D. Lean people have a higher risk of gallstones than fat people.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Learning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportDigestive System Functions

79. Which of the following statements is true?A. Older adults generally have fewer taste buds than children.B. The gallbladder makes bile and stores the compound in the liver.C. Foods that taste bitter are generally good energy sources because of their high carbohydrate contents.D. Segmentation enables chyme to move through the esophagus.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportUnderstanding Human Digestion

80. Which of the following statements is false?A. Mucus protects the lining of the stomach.B. Some absorption of alcohol occurs in the stomach.C. The sense of smell contributes to the sense of taste.D. Peristalsis occurs when villi absorb fat.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportSource of Digestive Enzymes

81. Which of the following organs produces and secretes enzymes that are essential for proper digestion?A. PituitaryB. LiverC. PancreasD. GallbladderAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportNutrient Absorption

82. The _____ of a food describes the extent to which the body is able to absorb the nutrients from the food and use them.A. homeostasisB. essentialityC. bioavailabilityD. digestibilityAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportAbsorbing and Using Nutrients

83. Which of the following structures normally prevents swallowed food from entering the larynx and trachea?A. EpiglottisB. TongueC. PharynxD. Voice boxAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyDigestive System

84. Which of the following statements is true?A. A thin layer of chyme protects the lining of the digestive tract from being broken down by enzymes.B. Heartburn often results when the gastroesophageal sphincter fails to close properly.C. Cystic fibrosis is an infectious disease that causes the muscles that control swallowing to malfunction.D. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) begins the partial digestion of fats in the small intestine.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion.Learning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportTopic: Digestive disordersDigestive System Anatomy

85. Chyme moves from the stomach into the ________.A. duodenumB. colonC. jejunumD. ileumAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologySecond Segment of Small Intestine

86. The _____ is the second segment of the small intestine.A. colonB. jejunumC. ileumD. duodenumAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.02Topic: Anatomy and physiologyThird Segment of Small Intestine

87. The _____ is the third segment of the small intestine.A. ileumB. colonC. jejunumD. duodenumAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyFeces Formation

88. Feces form in the ________.A. pyloric valveB. esophageal sphincterC. lower stomachD. large intestineAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Learning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyInflammation of the Digestive Tract

89. Which of the following conditions is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and swelling of the intestines?A. Crohn's diseaseB. Cystic fibrosisC. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)D. Peptic ulcerAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestive disordersDigestive Tract Problems

90. For several years, Corey has sufferered from intermittent abdominal pain along with bouts of diarrhea and constipation. According to Corey, his "bad guts" worsen whenever he is "stressed out" or eats certain foods, especially raw fruit and baked beans. His doctor has determined that his intestinal tract is not inflamed. Based on this information, Corey probably has ________.A. ulcerative colitisB. irritable bowel syndromeC. Crohn's diseaseD. gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 4. AnalyzeLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersFunction of Cholecystokinin

91. Amanda is a three-year-old who has a condition that is characterized by the inability of her pancreas to produce cholecystokinin. Based on this information, she ________.A. is taller than most children who are her ageB. has difficulty digesting foodC. is heavier than average for her heightD. absorbs higher than normal amounts of micronutrientsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportStomach Ulcers

92. Which of the following microbes is associated with the development of most stomach ulcers?A. H. pyloriB. C. botulinumC. S. aureusD. E. coliAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersLifestyles and Digestive Tract Disorders

93. Tyler smokes cigarettes, drinks excess alcohol, and takes aspirins regularly to treat his headaches. Based on this information, Tyler has a high risk of developing ________.A. peptic ulcersB. irritable bowel syndromeC. chronic constipationD. cystic fibrosisAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 4. AnalyzeLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersHabits Affecting the Digestive Tract

94. Jillian drinks a couple of beers and smokes over a pack of cigarettes daily. Even though she's about 40 pounds overweight, she likes to wear tight-fitting clothes. Based on this information, Jillian has a high risk of developing ________.A. rheumatoid arthritisB. irritable bowel syndromeC. gastroesophageal reflux diseaseD. cystic fibrosisAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 4. AnalyzeLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersGERD

95. Coretta has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce her likelihood of developing heartburn, her physician recommended that she ________.A. lose excess body fatB. eat a small piece of peppermint candy after mealsC. drink chocolate milk shakes with mealsD. avoid high-fiber fruits and vegetablesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersReducing Heartburn

96. Antonio has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce his likelihood of developing heartburn, his physician recommended that he ________.A. decrease his intake of fruits and vegetablesB. increase his intake of solid fatsC. avoid overeating during mealsD. take a multivitamin/multimineral pill before mealsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersOvereating and Digestive Disorders

97. Jared often eats a large dinner about an hour before he lies down to sleep. Based on this information, he is likely to develop ________.A. gastroesophageal reflux diseaseB. colon cancerC. chronic constipationD. Crohn's diseaseAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersBowel Movements

98. Paisley usually has four bowel movements each week. Based on this information, Paisley should ________.A. take a gentle laxative so she has at least one bowel movement dailyB. increase her intake of high-fiber foods and fiber wafers to relieve her chronic constipationC. not worry, because she is not constipatedD. Consult her physician to determine why she is constipatedAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersManaging Irritable Bowel Syndrome

99. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and ________.A. reducing physical activityB. learning ways to manage stress effectivelyC. having the lower third of the colon removedD. moving to a drier climateAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersIrritable Bowel Syndrome

100. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome may include ________.A. having the lower third of the colon removedB. taking antacidsC. consuming more dairy productsD. following a low-FODMAP dietAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationActivity Type: NewBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersTreating Irritable Bowel Syndrome

101. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome often includes making dietary changes and ________.A. having the lower third of the colon removedB. taking antidepressant medicationC. reducing physical activityD. lying down after mealsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions.Section: 4.04Topic: Digestive disordersDefining Omnivore

102. Bella is an omnivore, because she can ________.A. synthesize protease, urease, and DNA polymeraseB. digest and absorb nutrients from a wide variety of sourcesC. only eat plant foodsD. consume organic, refined, and functional foodsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 2. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination.Section: 4.03Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transportDifficulty Swallowing

103. Dorothy is an 85-year-old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has a (an) ________.A. overgrowth of probiotics in her stomachB. condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioningC. blockage caused by undigested fiber deposits in her jejunumD. excessive amount of secretory activity within her digestive tractAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ.Section: 4.03Topic: Anatomy and physiologyChapter 04 Test Bank: Body Basics Summary

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 103

Activity Type: New 27

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember 72

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand 11

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply 17

Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze 3

Figure: 4.5 5

Learning Outcome: 04.01.01 Define key basic chemistry terms, including element, ion, chemical bond, and enzyme. 21

Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Explain the difference between an acid and a base. 8

Learning Outcome: 04.01.03 Explain the role of enzymes in many chemical reactions. 5

Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ systems. 7

Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system, and describe primary functions of each system. 7

Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Identify major organs of the digestive system, and describe primary functions of each organ. 16

Learning Outcome: 04.03.02 Identify the accessory organs of the digestive system and the roles these organs play in digestion. 16

Learning Outcome: 04.03.03 Discuss the overall processes of nutrient digestion, absorption, and transport; and waste elimination. 17

Learning Outcome: 04.03.04 Discuss gut microbiota and its role in health. 9

Learning Outcome: 04.04.01 Identify some common gastrointestinal health problems, and discuss preventive measures and treatments for these conditions. 11

Section: 4.01 31

Section: 4.02 15

Section: 4.03 46

Section: 4.04 11

Topic: Anatomy and physiology 32

Topic: Chemistry 32

Topic: Digestion, absorption, and transport 29

Topic: Digestive disorders 15

Topic: Metabolism 1

Topic: Nervous system 1

Topic: Prebiotics and probiotics 8