Ch3 Exam Questions Causal Inference In Research On Families - Methods of Human Development Research 1e Test Bank by Theodore N. Greenstein. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 3: Causal Inference in Research on Families and Children
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. ______ are additional factors that affect the dependent variable while being influenced by the independent variable.
A. Moderating variables
B. Control variables
C. Intervening variables
D. Dependent variables
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Intervening (Mediator or Mediating) Variables
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Which of the following is the variable that would most likely be the independent variable in a study?
A. the education level of the participant
B. the occupation of the participant
C. the participant’s nation of origin
D. the number of children a participant has
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Variables
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. Using the information provided in Table 3.1, identify the cell that best represents studying the effects of national minimum wage on a couple’s likelihood for divorce.
Table 3.1 A Matrix for Generating Research Questions About Families | ||||
Unit of Analysis: Dependent Variable | ||||
Unit of analysis: Independent variable | 1.Individual | 2.Dyad | 3.Coresidential | 4.Extended |
1. Individual | 1,1 | 1,2 | 1,3 | 1,4 |
2. Dyad | 2,1 | 2,2 | 2,3 | 2,4 |
3. Coresidential family | 3,1 | 3,2 | 3,3 | 3,4 |
4. Extended family | 4,1 | 4,2 | 4,3 | 4,4 |
5. Aggregate level | 5,1 | 5,2 | 5,3 | 5,4 |
[A matrix for generating research questions about families, which includes separate rows for different independent variables of units of analysis, such as individual, dyad, and coresidential family]
A. 2,4
B. 1,4
C. 5,2
D. 5,1
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Units of Analysis
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. When conducting research, there may be other variables that affect the dependent variable besides the independent variable. Researchers can choose to include these ______ variables if their effect on the dependent variable is strong enough.
A. alternative
B. intervening
C. mediating
D. control
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Moderating (Control or Moderator) Variables
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. Which of the following is the best research design for determining causality between variables?
A. survey
B. cross-sectional
C. observational
D. longitudinal
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Cross-Sectional Versus Longitudinal Designs
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. In some cases, it may seem like there is a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables even if there is no actual relationship. However, a third variable may create the illusion that there is a causal relationship. This phenomenon is called a ______.
A. constant conjunction
B. spurious effect
C. correlation
D. temporal precedence
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Thinking Causally
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. It is helpful for researchers to find the ______ by trying to identify which contexts might produce the association they are studying.
A. causal mechanism
B. constant conjunction
C. independent variables
D. spurious effect
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identifying Mechanisms and Specifying Context
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Which of the following criteria for establishing causality would be the most difficult to achieve when conducting a cross-sectional study?
A. causal mechanism
B. constant conjunction
C. temporal precedence
D. nonspuriousness
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Cross-Sectional Versus Longitudinal Designs
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Which of the following steps would be the most difficult for a researcher when trying to prove a causal relationship?
A. identifying variables that produce a spurious effect
B. defining the causal mechanism that creates an effect
C. finding empirical data surrounding their chosen variables
D. using statistical analysis to determine if the relationship is spurious
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Thinking Causally
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. The unit of analysis used to study communities is most likely on a(n) ______ level.
A. individual
B. dyad
C. extended family
D. aggregate
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Units of Analysis
Difficulty Level: Easy
True/False
1. Researchers might use a nondirectional hypothesis if they do not have enough evidence to predict the nature of an association.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Nondirectional Hypotheses
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Moderating variables directly affect both the independent and dependent variables.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Moderating (Control or Moderator) Variables
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. If two variables are related, then it is safe to assume that they have a causal relationship.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Thinking Causally
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. It only takes one study to prove if there is a causal relationship between two variables.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Thinking Causally
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. When constructing a hypothesis, researchers should try to predict the average outcomes of a population.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Framing the Hypothesis
Difficulty Level: Easy
Document Information
Connected Book
Methods of Human Development Research 1e Test Bank
By Theodore N. Greenstein
Explore recommendations drawn directly from what you're reading
Chapter 1 Why Do Research On Families And Children?
DOCX Ch. 1
Chapter 2 The Ethics Of Research On Families And Children
DOCX Ch. 2
Chapter 3 Causal Inference In Research On Families And Children
DOCX Ch. 3 Current
Chapter 4 Searching And Reading The Literature
DOCX Ch. 4
Chapter 5 Sampling Issues
DOCX Ch. 5