Chapter 2: The Ethics of Research on Families and Children

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. A complete list of potential risks of a research study must be provided to the participants in order to obtain ______.

A. participant contact information

B. informed consent

C. research funding

D. observational data

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Informed Consent

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which of the following types of data removes all possibilities of identifying individual respondents?

A. confidential

B. aggregate

C. quantitative

D. anonymous

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Anonymity and Confidentiality

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) requires that researchers obtain ______ when conducting research.

A. confidential data

B. anonymous data

C. aggregate data

D. informed consent

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Informed Consent

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Why should researchers provide the results of their research to participants?

A. Participants might want access to the raw data from the study.

B. Most research findings are not accessible to the research participants.

C. Findings during the study might affect a participant’s willingness to continue.

D. Participants may want to help analyze the data.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Right to Knowledge of the Findings

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. ______ are generally exempt from having to submit paperwork for approval from a local institutional review board (IRB).

A. Quantitative studies

B. Graduate and undergraduate students

C. Confidential interviews

D. Anonymous observations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Is the Role of the Institutional Review Board?

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Imagine you are trying to evaluate whether or not a previous study has committed fraud. Which of the following would be the most helpful when trying to determine if the claims in the previous study are reasonable?

A. evaluating the methods section of the study

B. attempting to replicate the study

C. contacting the IRB that approved the study

D. writing a peer review of the article

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Fraud in Research on Families and Children

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. Which best describes the amount of intentional ethical fraud that occurs in social science research?

A. Researchers never intentionally violate ethical standards.

B. Violations of ethical standards are rare but can still be severe.

C. Most researchers intentionally violate ethical standards.

D. Every study has at least one violation of ethical standards.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Fraud in Research on Families and Children

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Institutional review boards (IRBs) are most responsible for which of the following?

A. deciding whether a researcher is being transparent with their data collection

B. making sure that data are collected correctly by the researcher

C. providing guidelines and input on how to treat participants ethically

D. exploring any skepticism surrounding research findings

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Fraud in Research on Families and Children

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Institutional review boards (IRBs) tend to require that a researcher ______.

A. submit raw data from the study

B. only study topics that have not been previously studied

C. apply for funding through the IRB

D. be approved by the IRB before conducting research

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Is the Role of the Institutional Review Board?

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Confidential data should ______.

A. be submitted to the IRB for approval

B. hide information from the researchers conducting the study

C. eliminate information about a respondent’s identity

D. not be released to the general public

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Anonymity and Confidentiality

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. All scientists have to take the feelings of their research subjects into account.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Even if a child is provided with the information required by the DHHS, they still cannot provide informed consent.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Informed Consent

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. If a researcher receives informed consent from the legal guardian of a person with diminished mental capacity, then the researcher still needs an agreement from the participant with diminished mental capacity.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Informed Consent

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Researchers are always required to submit raw survey data to scholarly journals when they are trying to get their research published.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Fraud in Research on Families and Children

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Confidential data are the same as anonymous data.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Anonymity and Confidentiality

Difficulty Level: Easy