Ch22 Test Questions & Answers Epidemiology Of Ovarian Cancer - Test Bank | Epidemiology of Chronic Disease 2e by Harris by Randall E. Harris. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 22. Epidemiology of Ovarian Cancer
TEST BANK
True/False Questions
- Ovarian cancer was diagnosed in 295,414 women and caused 184,799 deaths in the world population during 2018.
- Ovarian cancer develops silently, and as a consequence, more than 70% of cases are diagnosed too late for effective therapy.
- An elevated serum level of the ovarian protein, CA-125, is a useful biomarker for the early detection of ovarian cancer.
- Ovarian cancer occurs in a familial setting approximately 50% of the time.
- Mutant forms of the breast cancer genes, BRCA-1 and BRCA-2, also predispose to ovarian cancer.
- The classical risk factors for breast cancer and ovarian cancer are similar and include familial and genetic predisposition, early menses, delayed reproductive history, nulliparity, absence of lactation, late menopause, and the natural process of aging.
- The “incessant ovulation model” of ovarian carcinogenesis applies primarily to fertile women.
- Fertility drugs have been found to increase ovarian cancer risk, most likely by inducing secretion of gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH) by the hypothalamus.
Multiple Choice Questions
- At the time of diagnosis, approximately what percentage of ovarian cancer cases are found to have metastatic disease?
- 25%
- 50%
- 70%
- 90%
- Mutations in all of the genes listed below predispose to ovarian cancer except:
- BRCA-1.
- BRCA-2.
- MSH-2.
- APC.
- Exogenous risk factors for ovarian cancer include all of the following except:
- fertility drugs.
- perineal talcum powder.
- estrogen replacement therapy.
- use of the synthetic male hormone danazol.
- Endogenous risk factors for ovarian cancer include all of the following except:
- late first pregnancy.
- endometriosis.
- polycystic ovaries.
- early menopause.
- Aromatase-catalyzed biosynthesis of estrogen by adipose tissue has been advanced to explain observations of elevated ovarian cancer risk in association with which of the following risk factors?
- Nulliparity
- Late first pregnancy
- Obesity
- Anovulatory cycles
- Epidemiologic investigations have consistently found that ovarian cancer risk is decreased by:
- sustained use of oral contraceptives.
- estrogen replacement therapy.
- high dietary intake of lactose.
- high dietary intake of saturated fat.
- What profile of pituitary hormones is most likely to promote the development of ovarian cancer?
- High FSH and high LH
- Low FSH and low LH
- High FSH and low LH
- Low FSH and high LH
- Serum levels of what ovarian protein have been used to monitor the regression/progression of disease in women with ovarian cancer?
- A fetoprotein
- Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
- CA-125
- CRP
Essay Questions
- Describe the global burden of ovarian cancer.
- Briefly discuss the main features of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and their relevance to the development of ovarian cancer.
- Discuss the reproductive risk factors for ovarian cancer.
- Discuss the hallmarks of familial ovarian cancer and the effects of mutant forms of BRCA-1 and BRCA-2.
- Discuss exogenous risk factors for ovarian cancer.
- Characterize the recent decline in ovarian cancer rates in the United States and discuss potential reasons for this trend.
- Propose a mechanism by which obesity increases the risk of developing ovarian cancer.
- Discuss why survival is poor following the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
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Test Bank | Epidemiology of Chronic Disease 2e by Harris
By Randall E. Harris
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