Ch2 | Test Bank + Answers – Atoms All About atoms and What’s

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Chapter: Chapter 2

Multiple Choice

1. Who was the first person to have a part of his/her body X-rayed?

A) Marie Curie

B) Anna Röntgen

C) Dmitri Mendeleev

D) Bertha Wilhelm

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

2. Which is defined as the emission of energy?

A) beta particles

B) radiation

C) electron smear

D) X-rays

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

3. Which of the following can break down atoms?

A) chemical reactions

B) radiation

C) nuclear means

D) exposure to X-rays

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

4. ________ matter is attracted to or repelled by other matter.

A) Heavy

B) Microscopic

C) Isotopic

D) Charged

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

5. If the diameter of an atom is likened to the distance between San Francisco and Washington, D.C., the size of the nucleus of this atom would be equivalent to

A) the state of Rhode Island.

B) the city of Denver.

C) a store in Kansas.

D) a hair on the head of a person in Illinois.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

6. A negatively charged particle located in the cloud like smear of negative charge of an atom is called a(n)

A) proton.

B) nucleus.

C) electron.

D) neutron.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

7. Which element is the only element to contain only one proton?

A) helium

B) carbon

C) neon

D) hydrogen

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

8. Which statement is false?

A) The nucleus contains the protons and neutrons.

B) The number of neutrons in an element is found by subtracting the number of protons from the atomic mass listed under each symbol on the periodic table.

C) The number of electrons in a neutral atom will be equal to the number of protons.

D) The neutron is located in the nucleus and takes up very little space inside the nucleus. Neutrons and protons have about the same mass.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

9. Although the nucleus takes up a very small portion of the volume of an atom, each particle in the nucleus is about _________ times more massive than an electron.

A) 10

B) 100

C) 2000

D) 5 million

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

10. A neutral atom containing 8 protons will contain how many electrons?

A) 2

B) 4

C) 8

D) 16

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

11. An element is defined by the number of ________ it contains.

A) electrons

B) protons

C) neutrons

D) nuclei

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

12. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of ________ that element contains.

A) electrons

B) protons

C) neutrons

D) isotopes

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

13. A neutral atom of sulfur will contain how many electrons?

A) 32

B) 6

C) 15

D) 16

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

14. How many electrons does a neutral atom of phosphorus contain?

A) 3

B) 30

C) 31

D) 15

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.1

15. At the time your textbook was written, there were _____________ known different elements.

A) 58

B) 114

C) 2125

D) 6.02 × 10²³

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

16. Organize these elements from least number of protons to most: chromium, magnesium, arsenic, oxygen.

A) oxygen, magnesium, chromium, arsenic

B) magnesium, chromium, arsenic, oxygen

C) oxygen, arsenic, chromium, magnesium

D) arsenic, chromium, oxygen, magnesium

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

17. The element that has 76 protons in its nucleus is called

A) arsenic.

B) osmium.

C) thallium.

D) hafnium.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

18. The scientist credited with bringing the metric system to Russia was

A) Marie Curie.

B) Wilhelm Röntgen.

C) Anna Bertha.

D) Dmitri Mendeleev.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

19. The name of the element whose atomic number is 22 is

A) titanium.

B) sodium.

C) neon.

D) tin.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

20. What is the name of the element that contains 31 protons?

A) antimony

B) gallium

C) phosphorus

D) germanium

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

21. Write the name and symbol for the element with atomic number 51 is

A) Sb, antimony.

B) Pd, palladium.

C) Ce, cerium.

D) Mg, magnesium.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

22. All of the elements after atomic number______ are artificial and do not exist in nature.

A) 57

B) 89

C) 92

D) 104

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.2

23. What is the atomic symbol for the element sodium?

A) S

B) So

C) Na

D) Dm

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.3

24. Isotopes of an element differ in the number of __________ that they contain.

A) electrons

B) neutrons

C) protons

D) atoms

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.3

25. Identify the element that contains the following number of protons and neutrons: 36 protons and 48 neutrons.

A) Kr

B) Cd

C) Po

D) Mg

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.3

26. Identify the element that contains the following number of protons and neutrons: 29 protons and 35 neutrons.

A) I

B) Br

C) Gd

D) Cu

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.3

27. Identify the number of protons and neutrons in an atom of chromium.

A) 24 protons, 28 neutrons

B) 28 protons, 24 neutrons

C) 52 neutrons, 24 protons

D) 52 protons, 28 neutrons

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.3

28. Isotopes of which element were used to determine the source of the marble used in the Parthenon?

A) oxygen

B) carbon

C) chlorine

D) calcium

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.3

29. How many neutrons, protons and electrons are in an atom of Eu-153?

A) 63 protons, 63 electrons, 90 neutrons

B) 153 protons, 63 electrons, 63 neutrons

C) 152 electrons, 153 electrons, 63 neutrons

D) 90 electrons, 90 protons, 63 neutrons

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.3

30. In an atom, which particles are most likely to participate in chemical reactions?

A) the protons

B) the core electrons

C) the valence electrons

D) the neutrons

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.4

31. What are the maximum number of electrons that can exist in the second energy level?

A) 2

B) 8

C) 10

D) 18

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.4

32. What determines how far from the ground state an electron will jump when energy is added to an atom?

A) the size of the atom

B) the number of electrons in the atom

C) the amount of energy added to the atom

D) the number of atoms in a certain sample

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

33. Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation is the most energetic?

A) radio waves

B) visible light

C) ultraviolet light

D) infrared light

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

34. An “EMR blocker” blocks

A) electrons making rays.

B) electromagnetic radiation.

C) exceptional magnetic responses.

D) extraneous machine relays.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

35. Which type of visible light would have the shortest wavelength light?

A) yellow

B) blue

C) red

D) green

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

36. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 stated that

A) cars produced after 2007 must get at least 35 mpg.

B) incandescent bulbs that do not meet certain energy efficiency requirements must be phased out by 2014.

C) the U.S. must import less than 50% of its oil by the year 2020.

D) each state must produce at least 40% of its electricity from renewable sources by the year 2015.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

37. Rank the following from shortest to longest wavelength: microwaves, yellow light, X-rays, gamma rays.

A) X-rays, gamma rays, yellow light, microwaves

B) microwaves, yellow light, X-rays, gamma rays

C) gamma rays, X-rays, yellow light, microwaves

D) yellow light, microwaves, gamma rays, X-rays

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

38. Choose the true statement.

A) When light is absorbed by an atom, electrons move from a higher energy to a lower energy level.

B) When light is emitted by an atom, electrons move from a higher energy to a lower energy level.

C) Sunlight produces light at distinct locations in a line spectrum.

D) The colors in a rainbow include all wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

39. Yellow light has a wavelength of about 655 nm. Electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is 455 nm would most likely belong to

A) radio waves.

B) X-rays.

C) violet light.

D) infrared light.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

40. Incandescent light bulbs

A) have not been produced since 2010.

B) will be phased out of production starting in 2020.

C) have been manufactured worldwide since just before the first World War.

D) will be used to replace less energy efficient LED type bulbs.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

41. Cell phones emit radiation that is of similar frequency to

A) X-rays.

B) microwaves.

C) visible light.

D) radio waves.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

42. Which statement is true?

A) High energy electromagnetic radiation has very long wavelengths.

B) Electromagnetic radiation that has very short wavelengths is the least dangerous to humans.

C) Cell phone radiation is considered ionizing radiation.

D) A computer emits lower energy radiation than a cell phone.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

43. Cell phones communicate with cell phone towers using

A) microwave radiation.

B) visible light.

C) infrared light.

D) radio waves.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

44. Electrons can be promoted from a low energy level to a higher one

A) by adding electricity to the atom.

B) by exposing the atom to any type of light.

C) by vigorously shaking a sample of atoms.

D) by dissolving a sample of atoms in water.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

45. When electrons in an atom are in their lowest possible energy state, they are said to be

A) unionized.

B) in the ground state.

C) non-reactive.

D) part of a line spectrum.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

46. Street lamps that give off yellow light are most often filled with atoms of what element?

A) mercury

B) lithium

C) sodium

D) chlorine

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

47. An atom of a particular element is energized and promoted to a higher energy level. The electron later relaxes back to its original state and emits electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength of 1050 nm. You were observing this occurrence but did not detect any light being emitted. What is the most likely reason that you did not observe any light?

A) The process happened too fast.

B) The electrons are too small to see.

C) The wavelength that was emitted is outside the visible range of light.

D) The wavelength that was emitted caused the emission of radio waves, which you would have had to hear rather than see.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

48. The term “light” refers to

A) visible light that humans can observe with the naked eye.

B) all types of electromagnetic radiation.

C) sunlight.

D) non-ionizing radiation.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

49. Which type of electromagnetic radiation is associated with heat?

A) X-rays

B) gamma rays

C) visible light

D) infrared light

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5

50. Electromagnetic radiation that is very energetic will

A) be of a low frequency.

B) have a long wavelength.

C) contain mostly non-ionizing radiation.

D) have a short wavelength.

chaptername: 2

questiontype: Multiple Choice

section: 2.5