Ch.2 Introduction To Research Exam Prep 4th Edition

Chapter 2: Introduction to Research

1. True or False? The scientific method is the most commonly used way to generate knowledge in exercise science.

A) True

B) False

2. True or False? Basic research is often used to generate a solution to an immediate problem.

A) True

B) False

3. True or False? Applied research is often used to generate a solution to an immediate problem.

A) True

B) False

4. True or False? The dependent variable often represents a characteristic that is going to be manipulated during a research study.

A) True

B) False

5. True or False? The independent variable often represents data that is collected about a human subject during a research study.

A) True

B) False

6. True or False? Conclusions about the research study are often derived from the independent variable.

A) True

B) False

7. True or False? Validity informs a researcher about how easy it is to replicate the results of a study.

A) True

B) False

8. True or False? Reliability must be demonstrated prior to using an instrument to collect data about a human or animal research subject.

A) True

B) False

9. True or False? The sharing of information is critical in the advancement of knowledge in a field of study.

A) True

B) False

10. True or False? Qualitative research uses a scientific approach designed for the collection and analysis of numerical data typically obtained from subjects through direct testing or questionnaires.

A) True

B) False

11. True or False? Quantitative research uses a scientific approach designed for the collection and analysis of numerical data typically obtained from subjects through direct testing or questionnaires.

A) True

B) False

12. True or False? Translational research is conducted to make the connection between basic research and clinical application.

A) True

B) False

13. True or False? Basic research involves human volunteers that is meant to add to medical knowledge.

A) True

B) False

14. Mixed-methods research uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches in the methodology of the study.

A) True

B) False

15. Primary sources of research include information, reviews, or scholarly journal articles that discuss or evaluate someone else’s original research.

A) True

B) False

16. Exclusion criteria are those specific qualities or characteristics that eliminate a subject from participating in a research study.

A) True

B) False

17. Open access is a process that provides free, unrestricted online access to research dissemination.

A) True

B) False

18. Preprint servers are online repositories, containing data or information associated with scholarly manuscripts that have not undergone peer review or been accepted by a published journal.

A) True

B) False

19. Evidence-based practice is used by exercise science professionals to help inform them about basic quantitative research.

A) True

B) False

20. The most commonly used way to generate knowledge in exercise science is by using:

A) the trial-and-error method of discovery.

B) information generated by other academic disciplines.

C) anecdotal information provided by professional practitioners.

D) the scientific method of discovery.

21. Research that acquires solutions to an immediate practical problem is called:

A) basic research.

B) applied research.

C) nonscientific research.

D) scholarly research.

22. __________ is the type of research that combines both cross-sectional and longitudinal research.

A) Descriptive

B) Longitudinal

C) Sequential

D) Experimental

23. __________ is the type of research that is often conducted for many years at a time.

A) Descriptive

B) Longitudinal

C) Sequential

D) Experimental

24. Research aimed to discover new and unknown knowledge without regard for any specific application is called:

A) basic research.

B) applied research.

C) translational research.

D) systematic research.

25. The reanalysis of results from previously conducted research studies is referred to as:

A) observational research.

B) historical research.

C) meta-analysis research.

D) systematic research.

26. Using the best information available to inform a question, address a problem, or create a program is called:

A) quantitative research.

B) evidence-based practice.

C) systematic investigation.

D) translational research.

27. A systematic study directed toward increasing knowledge, with the primary aim being a greater understanding of the topic or subject under study is called:

A) longitudinal research.

B) applied research.

C) basic research.

D) translational research.

28. Research that involves the collection and analysis of numerical data typically obtained from subjects through direct testing or questionnaires is called:

A) qualitative research.

B) applied research.

C) translational research.

D) quantitative research.

29. A response, behavior, or outcome that a researcher wishes to predict or explain is called:

A) independent variable.

B) dependent variable.

C) hypothesis.

D) research question.

30. An arrangement whereby the originator of the work grants to the assignee the rights to publish, reproduce, sell, or distribute the material is called:

A) a conflict of interest.

B) financial support.

C) open access.

D) a copyright agreement.