Chapter 17: Population, Urbanization, and the Environment

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Alex studies the fertility and migration trends of countries around the world. Which of these describes Alex?

a. environmentalist

b. geographer

c. demographer

d. philosopher

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Population

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. The global population is project to reach how many billion by 2050?

a. 3.1 billion

b. 8.2 billion

c. 9.9 billion

d. 12.7 billion

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Population Growth

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Globally, fertility rates are ______.

a. dropping

b. increasing

c. at an equilibrium

d. so low that they have been lowering the size of the global population for the past 5 years

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Population Growth

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. In what century did we reach a global population of 1 billion?

a. 1700s

b. 1800s

c. 1910s

d. 1930s

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Population Growth

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Which of these describes the recent slowdown in population growth?

a. It is exactly as predicted.

b. It is a dramatic reduction from prior estimates.

c. It is like the growth rate just after World War II.

d. It is a correction that makes population growth no longer a problem.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Population Growth

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Which of these refers to the number of childbirths per 1,000 people per year?

a. child ratio

b. birthrate

c. lifespan

d. fertility rate

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Population Decline

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Alana is a demographer. Which three basic processes is she likely to study?

a. fertility, health, and income

b. childbirth rates, population size, and region

c. fertility, mortality, and migration

d. fertility, morbidity, and average life expectancy

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Other Population Changes

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Lieu lives in a country with the highest teenage births in all industrialized nations. Where does Lieu live?

a. Germany

b. the U.S.

c. Sweden

d. Japan

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Fertility

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. What birthrate is necessary to replace the population?

a. 1.1

b. 2.1

c. 3.1

d. 4.1

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Fertility

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. The baby boom took place between which of these years?

a. 1930 and 1947

b. 1960 and 1975

c. 1946 and 1960

d. 1922 and 1930

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Fertility

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Which of the following is a macrosocial factor in the decline of mortality rates in certain countries?

a. weaker norms regarding losing weight and stopping smoking

b. obesity

c. better public health

d. drug addiction

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mortality

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Which of these is TRUE of changes in the mortality rate?

a. The mortality rate for Blacks is decreasing.

b. The mortality for Whites with a high school degree or less is decreasing.

c. The mortality rate or Whites with a college degree is increasing.

d. The mortality rate for women has now caught up with men.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mortality

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. According to the demographic transition theory, population changes are related to which of these?

a. religion

b. industrialization and urbanization

c. famine

d. gender norms and practices

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Demographic Transition

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. What happens in the final stage of the demographic transition?

a. A balance is achieved between high death and high birthrates.

b. The birthrate remains high or declines more slowly than the death rate.

c. The decline in the death rates leads to more children in the family.

d. The society experiences both low birth and death rates.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Demographic Transition

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. In which stage of the demographic transition do birthrates stay high while death rates experience a dramatic decline?

a. first

b. second

c. third

d. fourth

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Demographic Transition

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. In 2016, what percentage of the U.S. population was foreign born?

a. 5.7%

b. 9.0%

c. 13.5%

d. 22.7%

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Controlling Migration

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. What is a “push” factor as it relates to migration?

a. favorable immigration policies in the host country

b. prosperous economies in the host country

c. major disruptions such as war in the home country

d. the global diffusion of information

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Explaining Migration

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. What is a “pull” factor as it relates to migration?

a. desire of the migrants for a better life

b. problems in the home country

c. major disruptions such as war in the home country

d. favorable immigration policy in the new country

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Explaining Migration

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Joe runs away from his home country of Afghanistan to escape religious persecution. He is an example of which of these?

a. asylum seeker

b. refugee

c. labor migrant

d. vagrant

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Types of Migrants

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Marisela leaves her home country to work in another country as a domestic. Marisela is an example of which of these?

a. asylum seeker

b. refugee

c. labor migrant

d. undocumented immigrant

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Types of Migrants

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Raphael has overstayed his visa in the U.S. Raphael is an example of which of these?

a. asylum seeker

b. refugee

c. labor migrant

d. undocumented immigrant

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Types of Migrants

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. How many million immigrants from Mexico are estimated to be currently living in the U.S.?

a. 1 million

b. 2 million

c. 12 million

d. 25 million

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Migration

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Demographers predict that by 2050 ______ of the world's population will live in urban areas.

a. 28%

b. 48%

c. 68%

d. 75%

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Urbanization

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. What does the U.S. government labels a city of 50,000 residents?

a. a suburbanized area

b. a rural area

c. an urban area

d. a geographic area

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Urbanization

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. What is the name for the process by which people come to be in relatively densely population urban areas?

a. suburbanization

b. urbanization

c. metropolitanization

d. urbanism

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Urbanization

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Which of these is a city with a population greater than 10 million?

a. a metropolis

b. a megacity

c. an edge city

d. a cosmocity

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Megacities (and Beyond)

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. What is the classification of the area between Boston, Massachusetts, and Washington, D.C.?

a. metropolis

b. megalopolis

c. gated community

d. suburb

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Ever-Larger Urban Areas

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. Shayne lives about 5 miles outside the city of Philadelphia’s political boundaries. Shayne would be considered to live in which of these?

a. a suburb

b. a megalopolis

c. a metropolis

d. a mega-region

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Ever-Larger Urban Areas

Difficulty Level: Hard

29. Gina lives in a community where there are guards and surveillance cameras in every corner of the development. She moved here, away from the city, to escape the crime problem. Gina lives in a ______ community.

a. barrier

b. gated

c. secure

d. locked

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Suburbanization

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. Which of these is an area where land and housing costs are lower and its outer edges blend into the rural countryside?

a. exurbia

b. suburbia

c. urban areas

d. gated communities

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Exurbia

Difficulty Level: Medium

31. What is the term for areas surrounding large cities that are located near major highways and contain shopping centers and many restaurants?

a. metropolises

b. suburbanized centers

c. exurbias

d. edge cities

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Edge Cities

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. When real estate capital is reinvested in inner-city areas to create a new infrastructure for the well-to-do, this is referred to as which of these?

a. enterprise zoning

b. restoration

c. gentrification

d. redlining

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Changing Nature of Major U.S. Cities

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. During the process of gentrification, who is often forced out of the blighted areas to make way for new housing?

a. the middle classes

b. the upper classes

c. women

d. the working classes

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Changing Nature of Major U.S. Cities

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. Cities are open to a variety of external and global influences. What is this called?

a. locality

b. cosmopolitanism

c. gentrification

d. suburbia

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Cities and Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. Which of these best characterizes world cities?

a. They are centers of communities of immigrants who interact with family and friends in their homeland.

b. They are planned communities built around major international airports and shopping centers.

c. They are found at the outermost rings surrounding large cities.

d. They are built near major highways and corporate offices.

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Global Cities

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. In 2018, there were ______ megacities around the world.

a. 13

b. 23

c. 33

d. 53

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Megacities (and Beyond)

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. Last year, the Lee family visited Orlando, Florida, for their summer vacation. Orlando, home to Disney World, places great emphasis on spectacle. It can be classified as a(n) ______ city.

a. world

b. edge

c. fantasy

d. global

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Center of Culture and Consumption

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Which of these is TRUE of the contemporary central role of cities in consumption?

a. It has expanded into more cities worldwide.

b. It has intensified but not expanded.

c. It has been reduced due to Internet use and suburban malls.

d. It has been supplemented by many more types of consumer services.

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Center of Culture and Consumption

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. Which of these is the study of poisons and insecticides that heavily influenced the awareness of environmental problems in the U.S. during the 1960s?

a. Silent Spring

b. Hot Planet

c. Environmental Crisis

d. New Spring

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Environment

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. Which of the following terms describes the fact that capitalism requires constant productive growth?

a. sustainable development

b. treadmill of production

c. gentrification

d. McDonaldization

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of the Environment and Its Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. Which theory focuses on the high rewards that people who have received for adversely affecting the environment?

a. conflict/critical theory

b. structural/functional theory

c. symbolic interactionist theory

d. rational choice theory

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Theories of the Environment and Its Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

42. Pedro wants to study the ways in which his college has come to define green consumption, if students see themselves as green consumers, and if and how they enact (or fail to enact) it. Which theoretical framework has helped Pedro frame his interest?

a. conflict/critical theory

b. structural/functional theory

c. symbolic interactionist theory

d. rational choice theory

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Theories of the Environment and Its Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

43. Which theoretical perspective points out that environmental problems are difficult to address because they impact three large separate institutions which are NOT likely to come together to deal with them?

a. conflict/critical theory

b. structural/functional theory

c. symbolic interactionist theory

d. rational choice theory

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Theories of the Environment and Its Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

44. Which of the following environmental problems is associated with the city?

a. too many green spaces creating water loss

b. long commuting distances that create major carbon footprints for city residents

c. heat retention in the treeless concrete jungles of cities that contributes to heat waves

d. green jobs that are too costly to staff

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Urban Areas and the Environment

Difficulty Level: Medium

45. The depletion of ______ in the Earth's polar regions is a notable environmental problem.

a. greenhouse gases

b. air quality

c. the ozone layer

d. the sea level

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Globalization and the Environment

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. Where is the most notable deforestation in the world taking place?

a. the parks in North America

b. the forests in Europe

c. the villages of Southeast Asia

d. the Amazon rain forest

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Destruction of Natural Habitats

Difficulty Level: Medium

47. What percentage of the world’s marine fish are considered fully exploited, over exploited, or depleted?

a. 25%

b. 50%

c. 70%

d. 90%

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Adverse Effects on Marine Life

Difficulty Level: Medium

48. Which of these is the decline in the water supply because of the degradation and deterioration of soil and vegetation?

a. deforestation

b. desertification

c. environmentalism

d. decentralization

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Decline in Freshwater

Difficulty Level: Easy

49. Which of these is often used interchangeably with climate change?

a. global warming

b. global cooling

c. global upgrading

d. global desertification

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Warming

Difficulty Level: Easy

50. A negative effect of global warming is the melting of ______, which refers to soil that has been at or below the freezing point of water for more than two years and will be irreversible once it starts.

a. ground frost

b. solid frost

c. perma frost

d. grime frost

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Warming

Difficulty Level: Easy

51. Many global environmental problems, especially global warming, are traceable to which of these?

a. communistic global development

b. socialistic global development

c. capitalist global development

d. all twentieth-century economic systems

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Responses

Difficulty Level: Medium

52. Which of these involves economic and environmental changes that meet the needs of the present, especially of the world's poor, without jeopardizing the needs of the future?

a. environmental development

b. economic development

c. organic development

d. sustainable development

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sustainable Development

Difficulty Level: Easy

53. Which of these dimensions in the relationship between globalization and sustainability might hold promise for more immediate solutions to environmental problems?

a. medical

b. technological

c. economic

d. political

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Technological Fixes

Difficulty Level: Medium

54. Which of these is TRUE of the Paris Climate Treaty?

a. It was an agreement with no enforcement mechanisms to limit carbon emissions and 174 countries signed it on Earth day April 22, 2016, including the U.S.

b. It was an agreement with rigorous enforcement mechanisms to limit carbon emissions and 174 countries signed it on Earth day April 22, 2016, including the U.S.

c. It was an agreement with no enforcement mechanisms to limit carbon emissions and 174 countries signed it on Earth day April 22, 2016, but the U.S. declined to sign.

d. It was an agreement with rigorous enforcement mechanisms to limit carbon emissions and 174 countries signed it on Earth day April 22, 2016, including the U.S.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Paris Agreement

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Demography is the scientific study of population growth and decline, as well as the movement of people.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Population

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. China and India are home to the world’s largest populations.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Population Growth

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. The world’s population is continuing to grow at an increased rate from the past.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Population Growth

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. By 2050 half of the world’s population is expected to live in North American.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Population Growth

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Population decline is caused exclusively by a high death rate.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Population Decline

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The birthrate is calculated as the number of childbirths per 1,000 people per year.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Population Decline

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The three areas of most interest to demographers are fertility, mortality, and sustainability.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Fertility

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. While countries in many less developed areas of the world still worry about low birth rates, officials in many developed countries have grown increasingly concerned about high birth rates.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Fertility

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. One major factor associated with mortality rate decline is medical advances such as medical technologies.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mortality

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Amy is a white, married, wealthy woman who lives in the U.S. Given mortality patterns, Amy can expect to outlive her husband.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Mortality

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Chandra’s society is in the industrial stage of the demographic transition. Her mother lived in the transitional stage of the demographic transition. Chandra is more likely than her mother to have access to, and to use birth control.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Demographic Transition

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Infanticide is most commonly found in South and East Asia.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Demographic Transition

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Juan Carlos lives in Mexico and wants to move to the U.S. because he seeks a better life and job opportunities. These are referred to as push factors.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Migration

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Migrants who gain entry without passing a checkpoint are called undocumented immigrants.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Migration

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Economically, immigration has had a negative effect on the economy of the U.S., as well as other developed nations.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Migration

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. According to projections, 30% of the world's population will live in urban areas.

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Urbanization

Difficulty Level: Hard

17. In the U.S., an area must have more than 50,000 inhabitants to be considered urban.

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Urbanization

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Urbanism is the way of life that emerges in urban areas; urbanization is the process of increasing density in a populated urban area.

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Urbanization

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. One recent development in suburbanization is the increasing flight of immigrants away from suburbs.

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Suburbanization

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. The new urbanism is a phenomenon where the goal is to move urban areas into more rural communities.

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The New Urbanism

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Chicago is considered a global city.

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Global Cities

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. The number of global megacities has declined since the 1990s.

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Megacities (and Beyond)

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Fantasy cities are characterized by cathedrals of consumption.

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Center of Culture and Consumption

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. The earliest work on globalization tended to focus on the natural environment.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Globalization and the Environment

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Cities account for 70% of the Earth’s surface and 2% of its energy consumption.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Urban Areas and the Environment

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Desertification refers to the decline in the water supply because of the degradation and deterioration of soil and vegetation.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Decline in Freshwater

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. Deaths from ozone pollution could increase by 2050.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Warming

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Humans have produced greenhouse gases that have damaged the atmosphere and, in the view of most experts, are leading to a dramatic rise in the temperature of Earth.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Warming

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. One concern with geoengineering is that technological solutions may encourage people to continue or even increase their use of fossil fuels.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Technological Fixes

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Define demography. What three processes of population change are basic to the work of demographers? Describe what each measures.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Other Population Changes

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Describe two reasons why people migrate and include one push and one pull factor. Describe the regulation of borders that they might encounter. Address two moral arguments for not regulating migration.

Learning Objective: 17.1: Explain the causes and effects of population growth and decline.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Migration

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Discuss the concepts of urbanization and suburbanization. Select two types of specific urban or suburban types described in the text and explain them with examples. Which type of area—urban or suburban—is growing, and by what measure?

Learning Objective: 17.2: Describe the growing urbanization of the world’s population.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Urbanization

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Define a global city and identify its key characteristics. List the challenges facing global cities.

Learning Objective: 17.3: Explain global cities and discuss their role in globalization.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Cities | The Main Site of Global Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Discuss any two environmental problems and the negative consequences associated with each of these problems. Name one type of global response to environmental problems and provide an example.

Learning Objective: 17.4: Discuss major environmental problems and responses to solve them.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Global Responses

Difficulty Level: Medium