Ch.13 – The Properties Of Mixtures Solutions And – Test Bank

Chapter 13 Test Bank

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

1. Select the type of interaction that best describes the attraction between Mg²⁺ ions and water molecules.

A. dipole-dipole

B. dipole-induced dipole

C. ion-dipole

D. ion-induced dipole

E. ion-hydrogen bond

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molecular View of Solutions (Intermolecular Forces and Solubility)

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

2. Under physiological conditions, amino acids in solution carry

A. no electrical charges.

B. a net positive charge, due to an –NH₃⁺ group or groups.

C. a net negative charge, due to a –COO^– group or groups.

D. both –NH₂ and –COOH groups.

E. both –NH₃⁺ and –COO^– groups.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Biological Molecules (Biochemistry)

Topic: Organic Molecules

3. The shape of a protein molecule is determined completely by

A. hydrogen bonding.

B. ion-dipole attractions.

C. dispersion forces.

D. disulfide bridges.

E. the sequence of amino acids in the chain.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Biological Molecules (Biochemistry)

Topic: Organic Molecules

4. The most abundant molecules in the cell membranes of most species are

A. proteins.

B. sugars.

C. phospholipids.

D. fatty acids.

E. steroids.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Biological Molecules (Biochemistry)

Topic: Organic Molecules

5. Which, if any, of the following features is common to soaps, detergents, phospholipids, and channel-forming antibiotics?

A. They all contain fatty acids.

B. They all contain phosphate groups.

C. They all contain polypeptide chains.

D. Their function depends on the dual polarity of their molecules.

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Biological Molecules (Biochemistry)

Topic: Organic Molecules

6. Consider the expression below, showing the terms which contribute to the heat of solution, ΔH_soln:

ΔH_soln = ΔH_solute + ΔH_solvent + ΔH_mix

Which of the following sets correctly shows the signs (positive or negative) of the three terms on the right hand side of the equation?

A. ΔH_solute > 0; ΔH_solvent > 0; ΔH_mix > 0

B. ΔH_solute < 0; ΔH_solvent < 0; ΔH_mix < 0

C. ΔH_solute > 0; ΔH_solvent > 0; ΔH_mix < 0

D. ΔH_solute < 0; ΔH_solvent < 0; ΔH_mix > 0

E. ΔH_solute < 0; ΔH_solvent > 0; ΔH_mix < 0

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

7. Which of the following ions will be expected to have the most negative heat of hydration, ΔH_hydr?

A. Na⁺

B. Cs⁺

C. Ca²⁺

D. F^–

E. I^–

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

8. Which of the following sets of conditions could exist when two liquids which are completely miscible in one another are mixed?

A. ΔH_soln > 0, entropy of system decreases

B. ΔH_soln ≈ 0, entropy of system decreases

C. ΔH_soln ≈ 0, entropy change of system ≈ 0

D. ΔH_soln ≈ 0, entropy of system increases

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

9. If a solute dissolves in an endothermic process

A. H bonds must exist between solvent and solute.

B. strong ion-dipole forces must exist in the solution.

C. the solute must be a gas.

D. the entropy of the solution is immaterial.

E. the entropy of the solution must be greater than that of its pure components.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

10. When two pure substances are mixed to form a solution

A. heat is released.

B. heat is absorbed.

C. there is an increase in entropy.

D. there is a decrease in entropy.

E. entropy is conserved.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

11. Based only on the relative lattice energies of the compounds below, which one would be expected to have the lowest solubility in water?

A. NaBr

B. CaS

C. NaOH

D. KI

E. CsCl

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molecular View of Solutions (Intermolecular Forces and Solubility)

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

12. A solution of sucrose (sugar) in water is in equilibrium with solid sucrose. If more solid sucrose is now added, with stirring,

A. the concentration of the solution will increase.

B. the concentration of the solution will decrease.

C. the concentration of the solution will remain the same.

D. the volume of solution will increase.

E. a supersaturated solution will be produced.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

13. Which of the following pairs of ions is arranged so that the ion with the smaller charge density is listed first?

A. K⁺, Rb⁺

B. Cl^–, K⁺

C. Cl^–, Br^–

D. Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

14. Which of the following pairs of ions is arranged so that the ion with the larger (i.e., more negative) heat of hydration is listed first?

A. Br^–, K⁺

B. Mg²⁺, Sr ²⁺

C. Ca²⁺, Sc³⁺

D. Na⁺, Li⁺

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

15. The Henry's Law constant (k) for carbon monoxide in water at 25°C is 9.71 × 10^–4 mol/(L·atm). How many grams of CO will dissolve in 1.00 L of water if the partial pressure of CO is 2.75 atm?

A. 3.53 × 10^–4 g

B. 2.67 × 10^–3 g

C. 9.89 × 10^–3 g

D. 7.48 × 10^–2 g

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

16. Methane has a Henry's Law constant (k) of 9.88 × 10^–2 mol/(L·atm) when dissolved in benzene at 25°C. How many grams of CH₄ will dissolve in 3.00 L of benzene if the partial pressure of CH₄ is 1.48 atm?

A. 0.0667 g

B. 0.146 g

C. 2.34 g

D. 4.83 g

E. 7.02 g

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

17. Soda drinks bubble when the bottle is opened because

A. the temperature of the soda increases.

B. exposure to atmospheric pressure squeezes the carbon dioxide from solution.

C. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide above the solution is reduced.

D. atmospheric nitrogen molecules displace carbon dioxide molecules.

E. the Henry's law constant changes due to the change in pressure.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

18. A saturated solution of carbon dioxide in water contains 3.00 g of CO₂ when the CO₂ partial pressure is 8.0 atm. What mass of CO₂ will escape if the partial pressure is lowered to 3.2 atm?

A. 0.90 g

B. 1.20 g

C. 1.40 g

D. 1.80 g

E. 2.20 g

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

19. For a given solution, which of the following concentration values will change as temperature changes?

A. mass percent

B. molality

C. mole fraction

D. molarity

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

20. Potassium fluoride is used for frosting glass. Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 78.6 g of KF in enough water to produce 225 mL of solution.

A. 0.304 M

B. 0.349 M

C. 1.35 M

D. 3.29 M

E. 6.01 M

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

21. Potassium hydrogen phosphate is used in the preparation of nondairy powdered creamers. Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 238 g of K₂HPO₄ in enough water to produce 275 mL of solution.

A. 0.732 M

B. 0.865 M

C. 2.66 M

D. 4.97 M

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

22. Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 1.85 L of 6.5 M KOH to 11.0 L.

A. 0.28 M

B. 0.91 M

C. 1.1 M

D. 3.1 M

E. 3.9 M

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

23. What volume of concentrated (14.7 M) phosphoric acid is needed to prepare 25.0 L of 3.0 M H₃PO₄?

A. 0.20 L

B. 0.57 L

C. 1.8 L

D. 3.6 L

E. 5.1 L

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

24. Saccharin, one of the first non-nutritive sweeteners used in soft-drinks, is 500 times sweeter than sugar in dilute aqueous solutions. The solubility of saccharin is 1.00 gram per 290 mL of solution. What is the molarity of a saturated saccharin solution? ( saccharin = 183.2 g/mol)

A. 0.0188 M

B. 0.632 M

C. 1.58 M

D. 3.45 M

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

25. Which of the following statements describes the correct method of preparation of 1.00 L of a 2.0 M urea solution? _urea = 60.06 g/mol

A. Dissolve 120 g of urea in 1.00 kg of distilled water.

B. Dissolve 120 g of urea in 880 g of distilled water.

C. Dissolve 120 g of urea in enough distilled water to produce 1.00 L of solution.

D. Dissolve 120 g of urea in 1.00 liter of distilled water.

E. The density of urea is needed in order to do this calculation.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

26. Copper(II) bromide is used as a wood preservative. What mass of CuBr₂ is needed to prepare 750.0 mL of a 1.25 M solution?

A. 134 g

B. 209 g

C. 372 g

D. 938 g

E. > 1 kg

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

27. What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 86.9 g of diethyl ether, C₄H₁₀O, in 425 g of benzene, C₆H₆?

A. 0.362 m

B. 0.498 m

C. 2.01 m

D. 2.76 m

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

28. Calcium nitrite is used as a corrosion inhibitor in lubricants. What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 18.5 g of calcium nitrite in 83.5 g of distilled water?

A. 0.0342 m

B. 0.0855 m

C. 0.222 m

D. 0.444 m

E. 1.68 m

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

29. Cadmium bromide is used in photography and lithography. Calculate the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 45.38 g of CdBr₂ in 375.0 g of water.

A. 0.03035 m

B. 0.01600 m

C. 0.1210 m

D. 0.4446 m

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

30. Isoamyl salicylate ( = 208.25 g/mol) has a pleasant aroma and is used in perfumes and soaps. Which of the following combinations gives a 0.75 m solution of isoamyl salicylate in ethyl alcohol (d = 0.7893 g/mL)?

A. 117.2 g isoamyl salicylate in 950.0 mL of ethyl alcohol

B. 117.2 g isoamyl salicylate in 750.0 mL of ethyl alcohol

C. 117.2 g isoamyl salicylate in 750.0 mL of solution

D. 117.2 g isoamyl salicylate in 592.0 g of ethyl alcohol

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

31. The chemist, Anna Lytic, must prepare 1.00 kg of 15.0% (w/w) acetic acid using a stock solution which is 36.0% (w/w) acetic acid (d = 1.045 g/mL). Which of the following combinations will give her the solution she wants?

A. 417 mL of 36% acetic acid in 583 mL of distilled water

B. 417 g of 36% acetic acid in 583 g of distilled water

C. 360 mL of 36% acetic acid in 640 mL of distilled water

D. 360 g of 36% acetic acid in 640 g of distilled water

E. 150 g of 36% acetic acid in 850 g of distilled water

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

32. The solubility of the oxidizing agent potassium permanganate is 7.1 g per 100.0 g of water at 25°C. What is the mole fraction of potassium permanganate in this solution?

A. 0.0080

B. 0.0086

C. 0.066

D. 0.45

E. 0.48

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

33. What is the mole fraction of Ne in a mixture containing 10.1 g of Ne, 79.9 g of Ar, and 83.8 g of Kr?

A. 0.40

B. 0.25

C. 0.20

D. 0.14

E. 0.058

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

34. A solution of ethanol (C₂H₆O) in water is sometimes used as a disinfectant. 1.00 L of this solution contains 553 g of ethanol and 335 g of water. What is the mole fraction of ethanol in this solution?

A. 0.377

B. 0.392

C. 0.553

D. 0.608

E. 0.623

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

35. A solution of ethanol (C₂H₆O) in water is sometimes used as a disinfectant. 1.00 L of this solution contains 553 g of ethanol and 335 g of water. What is the molality of the ethanol in this solution?

A. 0.392 m

B. 0.608 m

C. 13.5 m

D. 33.6 m

E. 35.8 m

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

36. Aqueous ammonia is commercially available in a solution that is 28% (w/w) ammonia. What is the mole fraction of ammonia in such a solution?

A. 0.017

B. 0.023

C. 0.012

D. 0.24

E. 0.29

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

37. Sodium hydroxide is a common ingredient in drain cleaners such as Drano. The mole fraction of sodium hydroxide in a saturated aqueous solution is 0.310. What is the molality of the solution?

A. 0.310 m

B. 0.690 m

C. 1.24 m

D. 12.4 m

E. 25.0 m

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

38. The mole fraction of potassium nitrate in an aqueous solution is 0.0194. The solution's density is 1.0627 g/mL. Calculate the molarity of the solution.

A. 0.0194 M

B. 0.981 M

C. 1.05 M

D. 1.96 M

E. 19.4 M

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

39. A 0.89% (w/v) sodium chloride solution is referred to as physiological saline solution because it has the same concentration of salts as human blood. What is the molarity of a physiological saline solution?

A. 0.0028 M

B. 0.015 M

C. 0.15 M

D. 0.30 M

E. 0.35 M

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

40. A 2.0% (w/v) solution of sodium hydrogen citrate, Na₂C₆H₆O₇, which also contains 2.5% (w/v) of dextrose, C₆H₁₂O₆, is used as an anticoagulant for blood which is to be used for transfusions. What is the molarity of the sodium hydrogen citrate in the solution?

A. 0.085 M

B. 0.19 M

C. 0.53 M

D. 1.2 M

E. 1.3 M

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

41. Procaine hydrochloride ( = 272.77 g/mol) is used as a local anesthetic. Calculate the molarity of a 4.666 m solution which has a density of 1.1066 g/mL.

A. 2.272 M

B. 4.056 M

C. 4.216 M

D. 4.666 M

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

42. The concentration of iodine in sea water is 60. parts per billion by mass. If one assumes that the iodine exists in the form of iodide anions, what is the molarity of iodide in sea water? (The density of sea water is 1.025 g/mL.)

A. 4.8 × 10^–13 M

B. 4.8 × 10^–10 M

C. 4.8 × 10^–7 M

D. 4.7 × 10^–4 M

E. 4.7 × 10^–1 M

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

43. Children under the age of 6 with more than 0.10 ppm of lead in their blood can suffer a reduction in I.Q. or have behavior problems. What is the molality of a solution which contains 0.10 ppm of lead?

A. 4.8 × 10^–10 m

B. 4.8 × 10^–7 m

C. 4.8 × 10^–4 m

D. 4.8 × 10^–1 m

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

44. Colligative properties depend on

A. the chemical properties of the solute.

B. the chemical properties of the solvent.

C. the masses of the individual ions.

D. the molar mass of the solute.

E. the number of particles dissolved.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

45. Raoult's Law relates the vapor pressure of the solvent above the solution to its mole fraction in the solution. Which of the following is an accurate statement?

A. Raoult's Law applies exactly to all solutions.

B. Raoult's Law works best when applied to concentrated solutions.

C. Raoult's Law works best when applied to dilute solutions.

D. Raoult's Law applies only to non-ideal solutions.

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

46. The vapor pressure of pure acetone (propanone) is 266 torr. When a non-volatile solute is added, the vapor pressure of acetone above the solution falls to 232 torr. What is the mole fraction of the non-volatile solute in the solution?

A. 0.87

B. 0.69

C. 0.32

D. 0.13

E. 0.045

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

47. The vapor pressure of pure acetone (propanone) is 266 torr. When a non-volatile solute is added, the vapor pressure of acetone above the solution falls to 232 torr. What is the mole fraction of acetone in the solution?

A. 0.87

B. 0.69

C. 0.32

D. 0.13

E. 0.045

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

48. From the following list of aqueous solutions and water, select the one with the highest boiling point.

A. 1.0 m KNO₃

B. 0.75 m NaCl

C. 0.75 m CuCl₂

D. 2.0 m C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (sucrose)

E. pure water

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

49. What concentration of aqueous FeCl₃ would have the same osmotic pressure as a 0.20 M solution of CaCl₂ at the same temperature, assuming ideal behavior?

A. 0.60 M

B. 0.40 M

C. 0.30 M

D. 0.15 M

E. 0.10 M

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

50. From the following list of aqueous solutions and water, select the one with the lowest freezing point.

A. 0.75 m (NH₄)₃PO₄

B. 1.0 m CaSO₄

C. 1.0 m LiClO₄

D. 1.5 m CH₃OH, methyl alcohol

E. pure water

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

51. Which of the following aqueous solutions should demonstrate the most ideal behavior?

A. 0.1 M K₂SO₄

B. 0.1 M CaCl₂

C. 3.0 M LiF

D. 0.1 M MgSO₄

E. 0.1 M NaCl

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

52. Which of the following aqueous solutions should demonstrate the most non-ideal behavior?

A. 0.1 M NaI

B. 0.2 M CuSO₄

C. 0.5 M KBr

D. 2.0 M CuCl₂

E. 2.0 M CsCl

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

53. Select the strongest electrolyte from the following set.

A. CH₃CH₂OH, ethanol

B. LiNO₃

C. C₆H₁₂O₆, glucose

D. CC_l4

E. HF

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Ions in Water (Electrolytes)

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

54. Select the weakest electrolyte from the following set.

A. Na₂ SO₄

B. KCl

C. CH₃ CH₂ COOH, propionic acid

D. CaCl₂

E. LiOH

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Ions in Water (Electrolytes)

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

55. How many moles of sulfate ions are present in 1.0 L of 0.5 M Li₂SO₄?

A. 0.5 mol

B. 1.0 mol

C. 1.5 mol

D. 2.0 mol

E. 3.0 mol

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Ions in Water (Electrolytes)

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

56. How many moles of bromide ions are present in 750.0 mL of 1.35 M MgBr₂?

A. 0.506 mol

B. 1.01 mol

C. 2.03 mol

D. 3.04 mol

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Ions in Water (Electrolytes)

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

57. How many moles of solute particles are present in 100.0 mL of 2.50 M (NH₄)₃PO₄?

A. 0.100 mol

B. 0.250 mol

C. 0.500 mol

D. 0.750 mol

E. 1.00 mol

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Ions in Water (Electrolytes)

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

58. Two aqueous are prepared: 1.00 m Na₂CO₃ and 1.00 m LiCl. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The Na₂CO₃ solution has a higher osmotic pressure and higher vapor pressure than the LiCl solution.

B. The Na₂CO₃ solution has a higher osmotic pressure and higher boiling point than the LiCl solution.

C. The Na₂CO₃ solution has a lower osmotic pressure and lower vapor pressure than the LiCI solution.

D. The Na₂CO₃ solution has a lower osmotic pressure and higher boiling point than the LiCl solution.

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

59. Two aqueous solutions are prepared: 2.0 m Cu(NO₃)₂ and 2.0 m NaBr. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The Cu(NO₃)₂ solution has a higher vapor pressure and lower freezing point than the NaBr solution.

B. The Cu(NO₃)₂ solution has a higher vapor pressure and higher freezing point than the NaBr solution.

C. The Cu(NO₃)₂ solution has a lower vapor pressure and lower freezing point than the NaBr solution.

D. The Cu(NO₃)₂ solution has a lower vapor pressure and higher freezing point than the NaBr solution.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

60. Which of the following aqueous solutions will have the lowest osmotic pressure?

A. 0.10 m KOH

B. 0.10 m RbCl

C. 0.05 m CaSO₄

D. 0.05 m BaCl₂

E. 0.10 m K₂SO₄

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

61. Which of the following aqueous liquids will have the lowest freezing point?

A. 0.5 m C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (sucrose)

B. 0.5 m Ca(NO₃)₂

C. 0.5 m NiSO₄

D. 0.5 m Li₃PO₄

E. pure water

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

62. Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.500 mol of a non-volatile solute in 275 g of hexane ( = 86.18 g/mol) at 49.6°C. P°_hexane = 400.0 torr at 49.6°C.

A. 54 torr

B. 154 torr

C. 246 torr

D. 346 torr

E. 400. torr

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

63. Safrole is used as a topical antiseptic. Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.75 mol of safrole in 950 g of ethanol ( = 46.07 g/mol). P°_ethanol = 50.0 torr at 25°C.

A. 1.8 torr

B. 11 torr

C. 15 torr

D. 40 torr

E. 48 torr

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

64. Diethyl ether has a vapor pressure of 400.0 torr at 18°C. When a sample of benzoic acid is dissolved in ether, the vapor pressure of the solution is 342 torr. What is the mole fraction of benzoic acid in the solution?

A. 0.0169

B. 0.0197

C. 0.145

D. 0.855

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

65. Determine the freezing point of a solution that contains 0.31 mol of sucrose in 175 g of water.

K_f = 1.86°C/m

A. 3.3°C

B. 1.1°C

C. 0.0°C

D. –1.1°C

E. –3.3°C

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

66. Benzaldehyde ( = 106.1 g/mol), also known as oil of almonds, is used in the manufacture of dyes and perfumes and in flavorings. What would be the freezing point of a solution prepared by dissolving 75.00 g of benzaldehyde in 850.0 g of ethanol? K_f = 1.99°C/m, freezing point of pure ethanol = –117.3°C.

A. –117.5°C

B. –118.7°C

C. –119.0°C

D. –120.6°C

E. < –121°C

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

67. Carbon tetrachloride, once widely used in fire extinguishers and as a dry cleaning fluid, has been found to cause liver damage to those exposed to its vapors over long periods of time. What is the boiling point of a solution prepared by dissolving 375 g of sulfur (S8, = 256.5 g/mol) in 1250 g of CCl₄?

Kb = 5.05°C/m, boiling point of pure CCl₄ = 76.7°C?

A. 70.8°C

B. 75.2°C

C. 78.2°C

D. 82.6°C

E. >85°C

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

68. Barbiturates are synthetic drugs used as sedatives and hypnotics. Barbital ( = 184.2 g/mol) is one of the simplest of these drugs. What is the boiling point of a solution prepared by dissolving 42.5 g of barbital in 825 g of acetic acid? K_b = 3.07°C/m; boiling point of pure acetic acid = 117.9°C

A. 117.0°C

B. 117.7°C

C. 118.1°C

D. 118.8°C

E. >120°C

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

69. Dimethylglyoxime, DMG, is an organic compound used to test for aqueous nickel(II) ions. A solution prepared by dissolving 65.0 g of DMG in 375 g of ethanol boils at 80.3°C. What is the molar mass of DMG?

K_b = 1.22°C/m, boiling point of pure ethanol = 78.5°C

A. 44.1 g/mol

B. 65.8 g/mol

C. 117 g/mol

D. 131.6 g/mol

E. 553 g/mol

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

70. Hexachlorophene is used as a disinfectant in germicidal soaps. What mass of hexachlorophene ( = 406.9 g/mol) must be added to 125 g of chloroform to give a solution with a boiling point of 62.60°C?

K_b = 3.63°C/m, boiling point of pure chloroform = 61.70°C

A. 12.6 g

B. 17.2 g

C. 31.0 g

D. 34.4 g

E. 101 g

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

71. Cinnamaldehyde ( = 132.15 g/mol) is used as a flavoring agent. What mass of cinnamaldehyde must be added to 175 g of ethanol to give a solution whose boiling point is 82.7°C?

K_b = 1.22°C/m, boiling point of pure ethanol = 78.5°C

A. 62.4 g

B. 67.8 g

C. 76.2 g

D. 78.5 g

E. 79.6 g

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

72. Calculate the freezing point of a solution made by dissolving 3.50 g of potassium chloride

( = 74.55 g/mol) in 100.0 g of water. Assume ideal behavior for the solution; K_f = 1.86°C/m.

A. –1.7°C

B. –0.9°C

C. 0.0°C

D. 0.9°C

E. 1.7°C

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

73. A 0.100 m K₂SO₄ solution has a freezing point of –0.43°C. What is the van't Hoff factor for this solution?

K_f = 1.86°C/m

A. 0.77

B. 1.0

C. 2.3

D. 3.0

E. >3.0

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

74. A 0.100 m MgSO4 solution has a freezing point of –0.23°C. What is the van't Hoff factor for this solution?

K_f = 1.86°C/m

A. 0.62

B. 1.0

C. 1.2

D. 2.0

E. 4.0

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

75. Human blood has a molar concentration of solutes of 0.30 M. What is the osmotic pressure of blood at 25°C?

A. 0.012 atm

B. 0.62 atm

C. 6.8 atm

D. 7.3 atm

E. >10. atm

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

76. Lysine is an amino acid that is an essential part of nutrition but which is not synthesized by the human body. What is the molar mass of lysine if 750.0 mL of a solution containing 8.60 g of lysine has an osmotic pressure of 1.918 atm?

Temperature = 25.0°C

A. 110. g/mol

B. 146 g/mol

C. 220. g/mol

D. 1340 g/mol

E. 1780 g/mol

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

77. Which one of the following pairs of dispersed phases and dispersing media can never form a colloid?

A. solid and gas

B. liquid and gas

C. solid and solid

D. liquid and liquid

E. gas and gas

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colloids

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

78. An emulsion is a dispersion consisting of a

A. solid in a liquid.

B. liquid in a liquid.

C. gas in a liquid.

D. liquid in a solid.

E. gas in a solid.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colloids

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

79. The Tyndall effect

A. is observed in concentrated solutions.

B. is observed only in dilute solutions.

C. is observed in colloidal dispersions.

D. is caused by Brownian motion.

E. is used to determine the osmotic pressure of solutions.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colloids

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

80. All solutions are mixtures.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Classification and States of Matter

Topic: Study of Chemistry

81. Helical segments of protein molecules arise through hydrogen bonding between C=O and N–H groups.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Biological Molecules (Biochemistry)

Topic: Organic Molecules

82. The backbone of a protein chain consists of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Biological Molecules (Biochemistry)

Topic: Organic Molecules

83. In general, water is a good solvent for both polar and nonpolar compounds.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Polar Nature of Water

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

84. Gases with high boiling points tend to be more soluble in water than ones with low boiling points.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molecular View of Solutions (Intermolecular Forces and Solubility)

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

85. The heat of solution is the total enthalpy change when a solution is formed from the separated solute and solvent.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

86. Heats of solution may be either positive or negative.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

87. Heats of hydration may be either positive or negative.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

88. The larger the ion, the greater in magnitude will be its heat of hydration.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

89. The solubility of gases in water increases with increase in the pressure of the gas.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

90. If the density of a solution is less than 1.0 g/mL, its molarity will be greater than its molality.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Concentration

Topic: Aqueous Solutions

91. Raoult's Law relates the vapor pressure of a solvent above a solution to the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

92. Ideal solutions do not conform to Raoult's Law.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

93. Electrolyte solutions generally behave less ideally as the solute concentration increases.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

94. Colloidal particles may be solids, liquids, or gases.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colloids

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

95. The dimensions of typical colloidal particles are of the order of

A. dm

B. pm

C. mm

D. mm

E. fm

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Colloids

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

96. Consider the molecular substances I₂, H₂O, and C₈H₁₈. Which of them is/are soluble in CCl₄?

A. only I₂

B. only H₂O

C. only C₈H₁₈

D. I₂ and C₈H₁₈

E. H₂O and C₈H₁₈

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Solution Process

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 84

Bloom's: 1. Remember 21

Bloom's: 2. Understand 28

Bloom's: 3. Apply 47

Difficulty: Easy 31

Difficulty: Hard 7

Difficulty: Medium 58

Gradable: automatic 96

Subtopic: Biological Molecules (Biochemistry) 6

Subtopic: Classification and States of Matter 1

Subtopic: Colligative Properties of Solutions 29

Subtopic: Colloids 5

Subtopic: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility 8

Subtopic: Ions in Water (Electrolytes) 5

Subtopic: Molecular View of Solutions (Intermolecular Forces and Solubility) 3

Subtopic: Polar Nature of Water 1

Subtopic: The Solution Process 13

Subtopic: Units of Concentration 25

Topic: Aqueous Solutions 31

Topic: Organic Molecules 6

Topic: Physical Properties of Solutions 58

Topic: Study of Chemistry 1