Ch.12 Huffman Motivation And Emotion Test Bank

Package Title: Chapter 12, Testbank

Course Title: Huffman, PIA 12e

Chapter Number: 12

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1) Motivation is BEST defined as ________.

a) the set of factors that activate, direct, and maintain behavior, usually toward some goal

b) the physiological and psychological arousal that occurs when a person really wants to achieve a goal

c) what makes you do what you do

d) the conscious and unconscious thoughts that focus a person's behaviors and emotions in the same direction toward a goal

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

2) Assume that you want to perform well on this test, but you feel anxious about your ability to do so. In this case, your desire to perform well is related to your ________ state, while your anxiety is related to your ________ state.

a) conscious; unconscious

b) unconscious; conscious

c) motivational; emotional

d) emotional; motivational

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

3) According to your textbook, motivation ________ behavior and emotion ________.

a) directs; energizes it

b) energizes; is the feeling response

c) follows; precedes it

d) precedes; directs it

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

4) A behavior pattern that is fixed, unlearned, and found in almost all members of a species is called ________.

a) impossible

b) a reflex

c) an instinct

d) routine

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

5) In recent times, the case for instincts in humans has been supported by ________, who argue that states like competitiveness and aggression may also be instinctual.

a) incentive theorists

b) behaviorists

c) sociobiologists

d) psychoanalysts

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

6) Sociobiologists emphasized that ________ are genetically transmitted from one generation to the next.

a) aggression

b) competition

c) instincts

d) cooperation

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

7) Sociobiologist Edward O. Wilson believes that humans also have instincts like ________, genetically transmitted from one generation to the next.

a) aggression and competition

b) competition and cooperation

c) aggression and cooperation

d) empathy and cooperation

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

8) In the ________ theory of motivation, a lack or a deficiency of something creates a state of tension that motivates us to reduce the deficiency.

a) incentive

b) drive-reduction theory

c) state-dependent

d) attribution

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

9) The body’s tendency to maintain a relatively stable state of internal balance, or equilibrium, is called ________.

a) homeostasis

b) heterogeneity

c) drive-induction

d) biostability

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

10) In the drive-reduction theory, motivation decreases once ________ is established (or re-established).

a) exhaustion

b) reward

c) homeostasis

d) punishment

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

11) Which of the following are INCORRECTLY matched?

a) Drive-reduction theory: external stimuli

b) Incentive theory: external stimuli

c) Cognitive theory: attributions

d) Maslow: hierarchy of needs

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

12) Organisms are motivated to achieve and maintain an ideal or optimal level of stimulation that maximizes their performance according to ________ theory.

a) drive reduction

b) incentive

c) optimal arousal

d) instinct

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

13) Which of the following is TRUE regarding the arousal motive?

a) It is the desire for an optimum level of arousal.

b) It is rarely observed in non-human species.

c) Performance is best when an organism is in a high state of arousal.

d) Performance is best when an organism is in a low state of arousal.

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

14) You bring a package home from the department store and your dog immediately jumps on you to investigate it; your 3-year-old niece comes to visit and opens all your kitchen cupboards to see what is inside; on a television documentary program, you see a monkey trying to open a box left in its cage. All of these are examples of ________.

a) a lack of discipline

b) sensation-seeking behavior

c) the achievement motive

d) the arousal motive

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

15) Performance is BEST for most tasks when you are experiencing ________ levels of arousal, although this can vary from person to person.

a) high

b) low

c) moderate

d) low or high

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

16) Gaston and Page got married on a high bridge and started their honeymoon with a bungee-jump from the bridge. Which type of motive BEST explains their behavior?

a) the achievement motive

b) the drive-reduction motive

c) the arousal motive

d) the need for self-actualization

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

17) Zuckerman’s test for sensation seeking measures which of the following characteristics?

a) dangerousness, antisocial traits, “letting loose,’ and intolerance for boredom

b) thrill and adventure seeking, experience seeking, disinhibition, and susceptibility to boredom

c) adventurousness, physical prowess, creative morality, and charisma

d) dangerousness, adventurousness, creativity, and thrill and adventure seeking

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

18) According to Zuckerman, which of the following people will have the MOST difficulty in their career or home relationships?

a) Yachi is a low sensation seeker working as an air traffic controller.

b) Jacob is a high sensation seeker working as a test pilot for the Air Force.

c) Both Mr. and Mrs. have a low to moderate need for arousal.

d) Peony has a moderate need for arousal, and works as a mail carrier.

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

19) Sensation seeking is related to ________.

a) the arousal motive

b) the achievement motive

c) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

d) Zuckerman’s dangerousness model

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

20) For most people, low levels of arousal lead to ________ behavior efficiency and high levels of arousal lead to ________ behavior efficiency.

a) reduced; reduced

b) increased; reduced

c) increased; increased

d) reduced increased

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

21) The ________ motive causes us to look for a certain amount of novelty and complexity from our environment for no apparent reason.

a) sensory

b) social

c) drive

d) arousal

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

22) According to your textbook, a very important component for overcoming test anxiety is ________.

a) overlearning

b) deep breathing

c) meditation

d) an aerobic workout

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

23) The ________ theory says people are “pulled” by external stimuli to act in a certain way.

a) cognitive

b) drive-reduction

c) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

d) incentive

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

24) You just stuffed yourself with a hot dog, a large tub of popcorn, and a box of Milk Duds while watching a movie. When you come out of the theater, you smell the cinnamon buns across the mall and decide to get one even though you are full. This can BEST be explained by the ________ theory.

a) drive-reduction

b) incentive

c) push-pull

d) instinct

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

25) ________ theories emphasize the importance of attributions, or the way we interpret or think about our own or others’ behaviors.

a) Attribution

b) Affective

c) Achievement

d) Cognitive

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

26) According to the cognitive theory of motivation, ________ influence our goal-directed behavior.

a) attributions

b) internal needs

c) external incentives

d) evolutionary instincts

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

27) According to the cognitive theory of motivation, which of the following students is MOST likely to study hard for the next psychology exam?

a) Sasha believes she earned an “A” on this exam because the questions were easy.

b) Endora believes she is a witch and can get whatever she wants by waving her arms and casting a spell.

c) Martino believes that he got a “C” on his exam because he did not study hard enough.

d) Clemy believes he studied as hard as he could for this exam and is very discouraged that he only got a “D.”

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

28) The theory that some motives have to be satisfied before a person can advance to fulfilling higher motives is based on ________.

a) Freud’s psychosexual stages of development

b) Kohlberg’s moral stages of development

c) Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development

d) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

29) According to ________ theory, basic survival and security needs must be satisfied before one can move on to such higher needs as belonging and love, esteem, and self-actualization.

a) evolutionary

b) instinct

c) Maslow’s

d) Wiener’s

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

30) According to Maslow, belonging and self-actualization are ________ needs, and will be satisfied after physiological and safety needs.

a) essential

b) primary

c) higher-level

d) tertiary

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

31) According to Maslow’s view of motivation, if you haven't eaten all day, your thoughts will be MOST focused on your ________.

a) self-esteem

b) physical safety

c) physiological needs

d) sense of belonging

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

32) In Somalia, refugees often sacrificed their own safety in efforts to help others. This behavior refutes a basic premise of ________ theory of motivation.

a) the incentive

b) drive-reduction

c) Maslow’s

d) cognitive

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

33) What role does the stomach play in feelings of hunger?

a) Pressure receptors in the stomach walls signal fullness or emptiness.

b) Stomach contractions signal the brain that it is time to eat again.

c) Fullness receptors and stomach contractions both play a role.

d) While there is no physiological relationship, stomach “growls” are often interpreted that we need to eat (even if we don’t).

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

34) The physical feeling of fullness you get once you have had enough to eat is called ________.

a) bloating

b) gastrointestinal fullness

c) satisfaction

d) satiety

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

35) ________ is a feeling of fullness that has an effect on the perception of hunger.

a) Insatiety

b) Protrudation

c) Satiety

d) Grandiosity

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

36) A hormone that is produced by fat cells and gives information to the hypothalamus about the body’s fat stores is ________.

a) leptin

b) ghrelin

c) insulin

d) polypeptide Y

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

37) Eric’s pancreas is currently secreting more insulin and releasing it into Eric’s blood stream. What will be the likely effect of this process?

a) He will need to urinate.

b) He will suddenly feel hungry.

c) He will decide that he is not hungry and will refuse to eat.

d) He will rapidly experience dehydration if he does not drink water.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

38) The heat generated in response to food ingestion is called ________.

a) satiation

b) dehydration

c) thermogenesis

d) thermolosis

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

39) The ________ hypothalamus signals an animal to start eating, whereas the ________ hypothalamus signals the animal to stop eating.

a) lateral; ventromedial

b) tegmental; medial

c) ventromedial; lateral

d) medial; tegmental

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

40) When the lateral hypothalamus is destroyed, animals will ________.

a) stop eating, and must be force-fed

b) overeat to obesity

c) become picky eaters

d) any of these options

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

41) When the ventromedial hypothalamus is destroyed or lesioned, animals will ________.

a) overeat to the point of extreme obesity

b) become picky about what they eat

c) experience an increase in insulin

d) refuse to eat until they die of starvation

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

42) The brain's “eating center” is found ________.

a) in the hypothalamus

b) throughout the brain

c) in the lateral thalamus

d) in the ventromedial thalamus

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

43) ________ is/are one of the most significant external factors related to when, what, where, and why we eat.

a) Advertising

b) Sound

c) Cultural conditioning

d) Hormonal changes

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

44) A person whose body mass index is higher than ________ would be described as suffering from obesity.

a) 20

b) 25

c) 30

d) 35

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

45) The numerical ratio of a person’s height in relation to their weight that is the commonly used determinant of obesity is ________.

a) adjusted weight estimate

b) vertical/horizontal correlation

c) basal metabolic rate

d) body mass index

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

46) Kathleen has recently been diagnosed with obesity by her physician, and was given suggestions on how to embrace a healthier lifestyle. “If you can lose some weight,” the doctor said, “you will reduce your risk of developing several diseases.” Which of the following is NOT one of those conditions that is related to obesity?

a) lupus

b) ischemic stroke

c) diabetes

d) certain cancers

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

47) Despite the common belief that they are better for you, low-calorie sweeteners such as saccharin and sucralose may be associated with weight gain and increased obesity due to ________.

a) the way in which they activate the “fat genes”

b) their inhibition of thermogenesis

c) the fact that people consume larger portions of food with these ingredients as compared to regular sugar

d) the paradoxical effect on a person’s homeostasis

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

48) ________ involves extreme weight loss due to an obsessive fear of obesity and self-imposed starvation.

a) Agoraphobia

b) Binge-eating disorder

c) Anorexia nervosa

d) Bulimia nervosa

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

49) Consuming large quantities of food followed by self-induced vomiting, the use of laxatives, or extreme exercise is typical of ________.

a) anorexia nervosa

b) binge-eating disorder

c) bulimia nervosa

d) Pritikin dieting

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

50) Which of the following is characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

a) bone fractures, osteoporosis, interruption of menstruation, and loss of brain tissue

b) very few of its victims will die

c) loss of teeth, severe throat and stomach damage

d) Nearly 90% of its victims will die.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

51) Which of the following is NOT characteristic of bulimia nervosa?

a) People with bulimia nervosa are underweight.

b) People with bulimia nervosa are often impulsive in other areas of their lives.

c) Bulimia nervosa can cause tooth erosion, tooth loss, damage to the throat and stomach, serious digestive disorders, and even death.

d) Bulimia nervosa can involve self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

52) A person who consumes a large quantity of food in a very short time period without subsequent attempts to compensate for this ingestion may be diagnosed with ________.

a) rumination disorder

b) anorexia nervosa

c) binge-eating disorder

d) bulimia nervosa

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

53) Victor regularly engages in periods where he will eat thousands of calories at one sitting. After such eating, he feels bloated, guilty, and ashamed, but he does not engage in any attempts to rid himself of the food (vomiting, using laxatives, exercising). If Victor’s behavior becomes continuous, he may be diagnosed with ________.

a) anorexia nervosa

b) bulimia nervosa

c) obsessive-compulsive consumption disorder.

d) binge-eating disorder

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

54) Sonja has a high need for achievement. This means that she has ________.

a) a dislike of feedback on her efforts toward goals

b) an aversion to competitive careers and tasks

c) the desire to assume responsibility for projects

d) a need to be in relationships with others and to avoid isolation.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

55) Harold has a high need for achievement. Knowing this, you can most accurately predict that, given an opportunity to throw ten free shots from anywhere on a basketball court, Harold will stand ________.

a) as close to the basket as possible

b) just far enough from the basket to assure that he will never miss

c) far enough away from the basket for it to be challenging, but close enough to allow some successes

d) amazingly far away so that if he makes at least one basket, observers will be very impressed

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

56) Intrinsic motivation comes from ________.

a) personal enjoyment

b) a desire for rewards

c) a fear of punishment

d) the need for admiration from others

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

57) Kevin was not enrolled in school, nor did he have a job that required mathematical skills or reasoning. Despite these facts, he spent several nights a week reading and solving problems in an old calculus textbook. How would you BEST explain this behavior? Kevin is ________.

a) mentally ill

b) externally motivated

c) intrinsically motivated

d) driven by the incentive motive

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

58) Extrinsic motivation is based on ________.

a) the desire for rewards or threats of punishment

b) the arousal motive

c) the achievement motive

d) internally oriented interest or desire

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

59) ________ refers to the desire to perform an act for its own sake, whereas ________ refers to the desire to perform an act because of external factors, such as rewards and punishments.

a) Personal motivation; external motivation

b) Internal drive; external drive

c) Intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation

d) Individual drive; social drive

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

60) According to your text, the critical factor in our future enjoyment of a task is ________.

a) our prior interest in that task

b) how we interpret our motivation for engaging in that task

c) whether or not we receive external rewards (e.g., praise, money, etc.) for that task

d) whether or not the task matches our personality

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

61) Extrinsic rewards tend to decrease enjoyment of an activity because they ________.

a) are secondary rather than primary reinforcers

b) are negative rather than positive reinforcers

c) change our explanation for engaging in an activity

d) provide inadequate justification for most activities

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

62) In the classic motivation study by Lepper and others (1973), children who were ________ continued to show more of an interest in drawing than children in the other groups.

a) promised a reward

b) scolded for drawing “outside of the lines”

c) not given any reward for drawing

d) orally encouraged to draw

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

63) Which of the following extrinsic rewards is most likely to promote enjoyment or productivity related to the stated task?

a) Georgina’s parents pay her money to get good grades.

b) Mikala’s figure-skating coach keeps telling her, “Skate better or you'll never win the gold.”

c) Edwina obtained the highest output during the present fiscal year and was given a surprise bonus to acknowledge her accomplishment.

d) Marcella cheated on her history exam and passed with a “C.”

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

64) The makers of a health-food cereal increased sales by offering a $2 rebate to purchasers. Sales rose during the rebate period, then fell below pre-rebate sales numbers when the rebate ended. The author of your textbook would explain this by suggesting that ________.

a) the rebate convinced shoppers that the cereal was overpriced

b) extrinsic rewards decreased the intrinsic value purchasers placed on the cereal

c) the rebate decreased the status value of health food cereal

d) there was no longer any incentive for shoppers to purchase this cereal

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

65) Which of the following strategies is LEAST beneficial for Schuyler’s parents to use to get Schuyler to play the violin?

a) Provide small extrinsic rewards when he first begins his violin lessons.

b) Praise him often for making the effort to practice.

c) Reward his practice efforts even when done poorly or without enthusiasm.

d) Encourage Schuyler to focus on how playing the violin is personally rewarding.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

66) Emotion is BEST defined as ________.

a) affective feelings

b) a complex pattern of feelings that includes arousal, cognitions, and behavioral expressions

c) affective responses that are the result of external or internal stimuli

d) physical or psychological responses to the fulfillment or frustration of our goals

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

67) The three components of emotion are ________.

a) cognitive, biological, and behavioral

b) perceiving, thinking, and acting

c) positive, negative, and neutral

d) active/passive, positive/negative, direct/indirect

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

68) To study the cognitive component of emotions, psychologists are MOST likely to use ________ techniques.

a) cross-cultural observation

b) naturalistic observation

c) self-reporting

d) experimental designs

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

69) The cerebral cortex plays a major role in our emotions because it ________.

a) plays a role in the ability to recognize and regulate emotions

b) visualizes dangers and possible responses to them

c) stimulates the autonomic nervous system

d) relays information from all the senses to assist in processing what is important

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

70) Two parts of the brain that play an important role in emotion are the ________.

a) hypothalamus and cerebellum

b) limbic system and cerebral cortex

c) pituitary gland and brain stem

d) CNS and PNS

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

71) If we are walking in the woods and jump because we think we see a snake (it ends up being a stick), that fear reaction without conscious fear originates in the ________.

a) corpus callosum

b) hypothalamus

c) cerebral cortex

d) limbic system

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

72) Research has shown that people whom are experimentally induced to smile by producing vowels that cause the inner cheek muscles to rise are more likely to report themselves in a better mood. This supports the ________ theory of emotion.

a) Wundt-Titchener

b) Cannon-Bard

c) two-factor

d) facial feedback

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

73) You feel anxious because you are sweating and your heart is beating rapidly. This statement illustrates the ________ theory of emotion.

a) James-Lange

b) two-factor

c) Cannon-Bard

d) physiological feedback

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

74) In a Duchenne smile, the cheek muscles are pulled back, and the muscles around the ________ also contract.

a) nose

b) mouth

c) eyes

d) ears

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

75) In a ________ smile, the cheek muscles are pulled back, and the muscles around the eyes also contract.

a) Duchenne

b) Flynn

c) Freud

d) Watson

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

76) This theory that you perceive an event, your body reacts, and then you interpret the bodily changes as a specific emotion.

a) Cannon-Bard

b) James-Lange

c) Facial feedback

d) Schachter’s two-factor

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

77) We see a bear in the woods, our hearts race as we begin to run, and then we experience fear. This is BEST explained by the ________.

a) James-Lange theory

b) Cannon-Bard theory

c) facial feedback hypothesis

d) Schachter Two-Factor theory

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

78) Which of the following is the CORRECT order of events in the James-Lange theory of emotion?

a) perception of event 🡪 emotion 🡪 body response

b) perception of event and emotion simultaneously 🡪 body response

c) perception of event and body response simultaneously 🡪 emotion

d) perception of event 🡪 perception of body response 🡪 emotion

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

79) Jay, a single male, just saw a very attractive woman in the student lounge. According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what would be MOST likely to happen next?

a) Jay might fall in love.

b) Jay might experience lust.

c) Jay might notice an increase in his heart rate and breathing.

d) Jay would rather focus on studying for his psychology exam

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

80) This theory says that emotions are physiologically similar and are due to simultaneous arousal, cognitive, and behavioral expressions.

a) Schachter's Two Factor

b) Cannon-Bard

c) James-Lange

d) Facial feedback

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

81) Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

a) Cannon-Bard theory: emotions occur before a body response

b) James-Lange theory: emotions occur after a body response

c) Facial feedback hypothesis: emotional intensity is affected by facial expressions

d) Schachter’s two-factor theory: emotions are the result of a cognitive label for arousal

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

82) In the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, the thalamus sends simultaneous messages to the ________.

a) central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

b) endocrine system and muscular system

c) cortex and autonomic nervous system

d) parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

83) Ishaya was startled awake by a major earthquake. He immediately felt frightened, broke out in a cold sweat, and jumped out of bed to run for cover—all in the same instant. This description of Ishaya's experience BEST fits the ________ theory of emotion.

a) Cannon-Bard

b) James-Bard

c) Cannon-Lange

d) James-Lange

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

84) Animals that have been surgically prevented from experiencing physiological arousal still demonstrate behaviors that are characteristic of emotional arousal. This supports the ________ theory of emotions.

a) Cannon-Bard

b) James-Lange

c) Schachter’s two-factor

d) facial feedback

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

85) The belief that movements of the facial muscles produce or intensify emotional reactions is the ________.

a) facial movement hypothesis

b) facial feedback hypothesis

c) facial display hypothesis

d) second factor in Schachter’s two-factor theory

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

86) According to the facial feedback hypothesis, expressing an emotion should

________.

a) diminish it

b) change it

c) intensify it

d) have no impact on it

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

87) Your best friend just won the lottery. Even though you may experience envy, you also cannot help feeling excited along with him because you are both grinning from ear to ear. This reaction supports the ________ regarding the origin and intensification of emotion.

a) social reciprocity theory

b) two-factor hypothesis

c) facial feedback hypothesis

d) Cannon-Bard theory

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

88) A therapist advises his depressed client to make himself smile for at least a few seconds every hour. This therapist may ________.

a) supporting the arousal theory of emotion

b) believe in the facial feedback hypothesis regarding emotions

c) be using Schachter’s two-factor theory of emotions

d) need therapy himself

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

89) According to ________, bodily arousal must be labeled or interpreted for an emotional experience to occur.

a) the Cannon-Bard theory

b) the James-Lange theory

c) the facial feedback hypothesis

d) Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

90) In contrast to other theories of emotion, Schachter’s two-factor theory explains the origins of emotion based on ________.

a) physiological arousal

b) cognitive interpretation

c) automatic processing

d) autonomic processing

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

91) The two factors in Schachter’s theory of emotion are ________.

a) physical arousal and cognitive labeling

b) psychological arousal and emotional expression

c) emotional expression and physical arousal

d) cognitive labeling and psychological arousal

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

92) Schachter would agree with which of the following statements?

a) We process cognitive and physiological responses to an emotional event simultaneously.

b) Emotions are physiologically dissimilar.

c) We do not need environmental cues to decide what emotion is being felt.

d) The experience of emotion comes from awareness of bodily arousal.

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

93) Subjects in Schachter’s classic study on emotions were given an injection of epinephrine, which caused physiological arousal. Some subjects were correctly informed about the drug’s effects; others were either uninformed or misinformed. Which of the following happened?

a) Correctly informed participants were highly affected by the behavior of others around them.

b) Misinformed participants became enraged by their physiological arousal.

c) Uninformed participants took on the emotions of others around them.

d) A majority of the participants withdrew from the study when they felt the effects of the injection.

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

94) This is a criticism of the James-Lange theory of emotion.

a) It requires an identical patterns of arousal for different emotion.

b) Physical arousal can occur without any emotional experience.

c) Most people are highly aware of slight variations in physical arousal patterns for basic emotions.

d) There is no way to assess the speed at which physiological reactions to emotional events occur.

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

95) This is a criticism of Schachter’s two-factor theory of emotion.

a) The limbic system, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex are important to the emotional experience.

b) PET scans show subtle differences among several emotions.

c) Some emotional pathways bypass the cortex where thinking occurs.

d) Our facial muscles can change in response to stimuli that are non-emotional in nature.

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

96) Complex emotions like jealousy, grief, or depression are BEST explained by ________.

a) the Cannon-Bard theory

b) the James-Lange theory

c) Schachter’s two-factor theory

d) the facial feedback hypothesis

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

97) The polygraph, or “lie detector,” measures primarily the ________ component of emotions.

a) physiological

b) articulatory

c) cognitive

d) subjective

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

98) The polygraph detects ________ arousal.

a) limbic system

b) central nervous system

c) sympathetic nervous system

d) somatic nervous system

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

99) Arousal detected by a polygraph is least likely to be due to ________.

a) excitement

b) anxiety

c) irritation

d) relaxation

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

100) During a routine polygraph test for a job at a bank, Armin is asked if he has ever stolen money. He says, “Never.” Immediately, the polygraph recorded sympathetic arousal. This might indicate any but which of the following?

a) Armin told a lie.

b) Armin was very nervous.

c) Armin hadn’t eaten lunch that day.

d) Armin told the truth.

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

101) Which of the following statements about the polygraph test is TRUE?

a) An innocent person has nothing to fear from a polygraph test.

b) Traditional polygraphs measure sympathetic and parasympathetic responses.

c) The polygraph can distinguish the subtle physiological differences between arousal due to anxiety versus excitement.

d) The polygraph is accurate in detecting truth or lies in about 99% of cases.

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

102) Besides fear, anger, joy, and happiness, which of the following emotions have been found by all cross-cultural researchers in this field?

a) sign of pleasure or displeasure

b) shame and guilt

c) interest and anticipation

d) humiliation

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

103) The evolutionary theory of emotions is supported by ________.

a) brain-scan studies

b) Zuckerman’s sensation-seeking studies

c) cross-cultural studies

d) Schachter’s epinephrine studies

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

104) Although researchers have found that basic emotions and their expression seem to be culturally universal, there are cultural differences in how, when, and where people express emotion. These differences are governed by ________.

a) manners

b) mores

c) social signals

d) display rules

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

105) Keiko was visiting several Latin American cities over the summer, and was made very uncomfortable by all the warm hugs and embraces she received when first meeting her host’s friends. Keiko’s discomfort was likely due to differences in ________ between her native and host cultures.

a) manners

b) sexual standards

c) display rules

d) courtship signals

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

Question type: Essay

106) Give a brief description of the Yerkes-Dodson law.

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

107) Why would it be accurate to describe the incentive theory of motivation as a “pull theory”?

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

Question type: Text Entry

108) A person whose body mass index, or BMI, is over ___ would be considered obese by a medical definition.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

Question type: Essay

109) What is the primary difference between bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder?

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

110) Use any example you want of an interaction that you have had in your life to explain how the James-Lange theory of emotions works.

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

111) What is the primary distinction between the James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories of emotions?

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

Question type: Text Entry

112) Allan has been taught by his parents that he is never to let other people know how he is feeling, and that emotions are something to be expressed in private. As such, people find it difficult to “read” Allan’s facial expressions. This demonstrates how ___ are related to emotional expression.

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

113) An instrument that measures physiological arousal in several different areas is called the ___. It is sometimes referred to as a lie detector, though this is inaccurate.

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

Question type: Essay

114) Imagine that it is 5:00 on a Saturday afternoon. You are walking through the mall after a full day of playing arcade games, watching a movie, and shopping without having a meal. As you pass the food mall, use each of the internal and external factors related to hunger and eating to describe why you stop to eat, and what choices you might make.

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

115) Contrast the instinct, drive-reduction, incentive, and cognitive theories of motivation, providing an original example of each motive in action.

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

116) Describe the arousal motive and state how it affects human functioning. Describe and illustrate the four factors in Zuckerman’s sensation-seeking motive.

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

117) Define and illustrate the needs at each level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Describe a time in your (or a friend’s) life when (1) a “higher” motive had to wait until a “lower” motive was met, and (2) a “higher” motive occurred before a “lower” need was met.

Section Reference 1: Theories of Motivation

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.1 Summarize the major theories of motivation.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

118) Define obesity, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa. State your textbook’s summary for the causes and dangers of each.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

119) What is binge-eating disorder? How does it differ most notably from other eating-related pathologies? What might be some causes of this condition?

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

120) Define achievement motivation and create original examples of a person high in achievement motivation and one low in achievement motivation. How might the level of achievement motivation impact their lives?

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

121) Imagine that you are a teacher. Define the concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and use them to describe how you would encourage students to learn lecture and text material.

Section Reference 1: Motivation and Behavior

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.2 Review how the key factors of motivation affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

122) Describe the cognitive, physiological, and behavioral components of experiencing fear while riding a roller coaster, and state the role of the, limbic system, the frontal lobes, and the autonomic nervous system in the expression of this emotion.

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

123) Contrast the James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories of emotion, including the research that supports or refutes each position, using joy/happiness to illustrate your answer. Describe how Schachter’s two-factor theory combines elements from each of these theories.

Section Reference 1: Components and Theories of Emotion

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.3 Summarize the major theories and components of emotion.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

124) Describe the polygraph and discuss the controversy regarding its use as a “lie detector.”

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

125) Describe various beliefs regarding the universality of basic emotions and how display rules create differences in how such emotions are expressed.

Section Reference 1: Experiencing Emotions

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 12.4 Review how emotions affect behavior.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology