Chapter 10: What Works: Intervention and Suppression

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Another word for a “model” program is a/an ______ program.

a. exploratory

b. exemplary

c. introductory

d. modal

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: IntroductionDifficulty Level: Easy

2. Which of the following is typically the FIRST step in the “Comprehensive Gang Program Model”?

a. social intervention

b. opportunities provision

c. community mobilization

d. organizational change and development

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Comprehensive, Community-Wide Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Medium

3. Which of the following is NOT a strategy used by the Comprehension Gang Program Model?

a. organizational change and development

b. social intervention

c. suppression

d. reducing opportunities

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Comprehensive, Community-Wide Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Medium

4. The National Gang Center implies that the recognition of a problem by what actor will most likely mobilize community residents?

a. law enforcement agencies

b. national politicians

c. school officials

d. local leaders and stakeholders

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Comprehensive, Community-Wide Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Medium

5. What is one of the most common mistakes made by community leaders when assessing the nature and extent of their community’s gang problem?

a. to make assumptions about their own community’s gang problem based on gang myths

b. to overestimate the gang problem in their area

c. to ignore input from neighborhood youth

d. to rely disproportionately on data from law enforcement agencies

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Comprehensive, Community-Wide Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Medium

6. Which of the following is NOT an example of a typical community response that follows denial of a gang problem?

a. A meeting convened by local politicians and law enforcement about how to keep the gang problem secret from the general public.

b. A sensational news story covering a gang-related double murder.

c. The implementation of a “Gang Stamp Out” policing effort that includes community raids.

d. The dropping of charges by prosecutors for 90% of the youth arrested for gang-related crimes due to lack of evidence.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: First StepsDifficulty Level: Medium

7. Which of the following actors is NOT a part of the National Gang Center’s (2010) administrative structure for a Comprehensive Gang Program Model?

a. national representative from the National Institutes of Justice (NIJ)

b. steering committee

c. research partner

d. lead organization

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Comprehensive Gang Program Model Administrative StructureDifficulty Level: Medium

8. Which of the following is an actor in the administrative structure of the Comprehensive Gang Model Program whose primary responsibility is to build relationships with program clients and with other gang-involved and at-risk youth in the community?

a. research partner

b. program director

c. outreach worker

d. steering committee

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Comprehensive Gang Program Model Administrative StructureDifficulty Level: Medium

9. Which of the following is an example of a measure of “outcome evidence” in the systemic evaluation of gang programs?

a. The degree of similarity between program participants and non-participants.

b. The intervals during which follow-up interviews are conducted after program completion.

c. The number of times an outreach worker will meet with program clients per week.

d. The number of youth enrolled in the program.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

10. Of the following scientific standards used to conduct systematic evaluation of gang programs, which one is most closely aligned with modeling program components of prior research?

a. conceptual framework

b. program fidelity

c. evaluation design

d. outcome evidence

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang ProgramsDifficulty Level: Hard

11. All of the following are components of a “Level 1 (Exemplary)” Gang Program EXCEPT ______.

a. a low attrition rate

b. a high degree of program fidelity

c. an experimental evaluation design

d. rigorously based empirical findings

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang ProgramsDifficulty Level: Hard

12. In which of the phases of gang programming is random assignment possible?

a. community assessment

b. prevention

c. intervention

d. suppression

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang Prevention ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

13. Which of the following is NOT a program component of Aggression Replacement Training (ART)?

a. social skills training

b. art therapy

c. moral education

d. structured learning training

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang Intervention ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

14. Which of the following evidence-based gang intervention programs is implemented inside a prison?

a. Aggression Replacement Training (ART)

b. Aggressive Behavioral Control Program

c. Operation New Hope

d. Multidisciplinary Team Home Run Program

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang Intervention ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

15. Which of the following is a newly popular venue for gang violence intervention?

a. prisons

b. schools

c. hospitals

d. neighborhoods

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Promising Gang ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

16. Which of the following gang suppression programs is run by a prosecutor’s office?

a. Hardcore Gang Investigations Unit

b. Tri-Agency Resource Gang Enforcement Team

c. Operation Ceasefire

d. none of these

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gang SuppressionDifficulty Level: Medium

17. The Hardcore Gang Investigations Unit is most known for which of the following outcomes?

a. increased gang sweeps at juvenile detention centers

b. increased numbers of referrals to the Department of Children and Families (DCF) due to claims of parental neglect and abuse

c. less severe conviction and sentencing outcomes for gang members

d. more severe conviction and sentencing for gang members

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gang SuppressionDifficulty Level: Medium

18. It is implied that “carrots” offered in Boston’s Ceasefire program are meant to ______.

a. persuade gang members to serve as witnesses against other gang members

b. provide prosocial resources to assist gang members in terminating their relationships with gangs and desisting from crime

c. lead to the relocation of gang members to other cities

d. get criminally active gang members to accept plea gangs

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Gang SuppressionDifficulty Level: Hard

19. What do the key findings from the “Little Village” project imply about future gang intervention strategies?

a. Gang members should receive the same program strategies, regardless of their demographic features.

b. Strategies should be race-specific.

c. Strategies should be gender-specific.

d. Strategies should be age-specific.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Evidence-Based Comprehensive Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Hard

20. The Blueprints for Gang Prevention project suggests that which of the following characteristics of program participants may serve as the most significant barrier to achieving positive program results?

a. substance abuse

b. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

c. multiple marginality

d. limited English proficiency

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Promising Gang ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

21. Which of the following evidence-based programs stands out for demonstrating effectiveness among imprisoned gang members?

a. Aggression Replacement Training (ART)

b. Operation New Hope

c. Aggressive Behavioral Control Program

d. Group Violence Intervention

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang Intervention ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

22. Which of the following are examples of criteria for program effectiveness?

a. When implementing a new program, a city adheres to the original model’s organizational structure.

b. Ten years later, participants in a program are far less likely to have become involved in gang activity.

c. A program’s structure takes influence from social disorganization theory.

d. A city creates a gang prevention program without considering other existing programs.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang Programs

Difficulty Level: Medium

Multiple Response

1. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following is a responsibility of the steering committee under the Comprehensive Gang Program Model?

a. setting policy

b. overseeing the direction of the gang project

c. working to remove barriers and fill service gaps

d. identifying the gang problem’s scope and severity

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Comprehensive Gang Program Model Administrative StructureDifficulty Level: Medium

2. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following types of programs are considered evidence-based for gang activity?

a. effective

b. promising

c. exemplary

d. work in progress

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: EVIDENCE-BASED GANG PROGRAMSDifficulty Level: Medium

3. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. At which level(s) does the Comprehensive Gang Program Model aim to reduce gang involvement and crime?

a. individuals

b. communities

c. families

d. gangs

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Implementing the Comprehensive Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. In order to exhibit positive effects in combating gang crime, anti-gang programming must be specifically designed for combating gang crimes.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: IntroductionDifficulty Level: Hard

2. Anti-gang strategies should be considered by community leaders before an assessment of the community’s specific gang problem is made.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Comprehensive, Community-Wide Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Medium

3. An effort to build a collaborative approach to dealing with delinquency and gangs before a serious crime event occurs is the ideal first step to combating gang problems in communities.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Implementing the Comprehensive Gang Program Model

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Law enforcement suppression strategies target younger gang members and groups with moderate levels of criminal activity.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Implementing the Comprehensive Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Medium

5. The “Capacity Building” phase of the Comprehensive Gang Program Model occurs AFTER the “Assessment and Planning” phase.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Implementing the Comprehensive Gang Program ModelDifficulty Level: Easy

6. All evidence-based gang programs are Level 1 (Exemplary).

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang Prevention ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

7. It is implied that the Aggression Replacement Training (ART) program is gender-specific.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang Intervention ProgramsDifficulty Level: Medium

8. Boston’s “Operation Ceasefire” is a problem-oriented policing deterrence project that instituted a zero-tolerance policy for any lawbreaking behavior.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gang SuppressionDifficulty Level: Easy

9. “Cure Violence” provides a public-health-oriented approach to reducing violent crime.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gang SuppressionDifficulty Level: Easy

10. A key difference between the Comprehensive Gang Program Model (CGPM) and Operation Ceasefire lies in their implementation-based administrative structures.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Gang SuppressionDifficulty Level: Hard

Short Answer

1. What is the primary difference between a “project coordinator” and an “outreach worker” in the Comprehensive Gang Program Model?

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Comprehensive Gang Program Model Administrative StructureDifficulty Level: Medium

2. Describe the evaluation designs generally considered to be acceptable for a program to be deemed “evidence-based” and the program levels associated with each evaluation design.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Gang ProgramsDifficulty Level: Hard

Essay

1. Discuss the importance of “outreach” services in anti-gang intervention and suppression programs. Be sure to discuss research findings on outreach services and desistance from criminal and gang-related behavior.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Comprehensive Gang Program Model Administrative Structure | The Evidence-Based Comprehensive Gang Program Model | Promising Gang ProgramsDifficulty Level: Hard

2. Compare and contrast “intervention” and “suppression” approaches to gang involvement. For each approach, provide an example of a program and describe how it demonstrates these differences in practice, noting evidence in favor or against that program’s evaluated effectiveness.

Learning Objective: N/A

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Implementing The Comprehensive Gang Program Model

Difficulty Level: Hard