Chapter 01
Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology
Matching Questions
1. | Match the regional term to the appropriate body part.
1. Antebrachial | heel | ____ | 2. Buccal | forearm | ____ | 3. Calcaneal | cheek | ____ | 4. Coxal | hip | ____ |
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Multiple Choice Questions
2. | An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a(an)
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3. | Blood plasma is an example of this type of fluid.
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| Which of the following lists illustrates the idea of increasing levels of organization? | organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems | A. | | tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems | B. | | organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues | C. |
D. | cell, atom, organelle, molecule, macromolecule |
E. | cell, molecule, organelle, atom, macromolecule | | |
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4. |
| In a crisis, the heart beats faster and more forcefully, resulting in | an increase in hydrostatic pressure. | A. | | a decrease in hydrostatic pressure. | B. | | no pressure changes. | C. |
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5. |
| A drop in room temperature to 65oF that causes the heater to turn on provides an example of a(an) |
6. |
7. | Which of the following is not considered one of the characteristics of life?
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8. | The ability of an organism to sense changes in its body is an example of
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9. | Metabolism is defined as
A. | any individual process in the body. |
B. | all the structures in the body. |
C. | all of the homeostatic setpoints in the body. |
D. | all of the chemical reactions in the body |
E. | the collection of all of the organs in the body and their parts. |
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10. | Incorporating substances into the body and changing them to chemically different forms is called
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11. | Of the items listed, which is NOT required from the environment for the maintenance of life?
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12. | Requirements to maintain the life of humans do not include
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13. | This gas makes up approximately 1/5th of ordinary air and is used to release energy from food substances.
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14. | Which of the following processes is NOT concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism?
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15. | Homeostasis refers to
A. | changing external conditions. |
B. | stable external conditions. |
C. | changing internal conditions. |
D. | maintaining internal conditions. |
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16. | Homeostatic mechanisms do not include
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17. | Which of the following examples illustrates a homeostatic mechanism?
A. | shivering in response to a drop in body temperature |
B. | increasing body temperature during exercise |
C. | decreasing body temperature during prolonged exposure to cold conditions |
D. | dehydration from lack of water intake |
E. | frostbite on exposure to cold |
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18. | Water is
A. | the most abundant chemical in the body. |
B. | a major component of the extracellular fluid. |
C. | a component of the internal environment. |
D. | a requirement of life. |
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19. | Which term refers specifically to the structures that provide information about conditions in the internal environment?
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20. | Which of the following directly cause the changes in the internal environment needed to maintain homeostasis?
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21. | Which of the following causes conditions in the body to move away from the normal state?
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22. | Which of the following is true of positive feedback mechanisms?
A. | They are the primary means of maintaining homeostasis. |
B. | They stabilize conditions. |
C. | They cause unstable conditions, at least temporarily. |
D. | They maintain the internal environment. |
E. | They move conditions toward a setpoint. |
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23. | The axial portion of the body includes
A. | the cranial cavity only. |
B. | the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities only. |
C. | the cranial cavity, vertebral canal, thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity. |
D. | the thoracic cavity only. |
E. | the abdominopelvic cavity only. |
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24. | The mediastinum separates
A. | the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. |
B. | the thoracic cavity into right and left parts. |
C. | the thoracic cavity from the pelvic cavity. |
D. | the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity. |
E. | the abdominal cavity into right and left parts. |
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25. | Which of the following best describes the smaller cavities in the head?
D. | the middle ear cavities |
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26. | Which of the following organs is found in the pelvic cavity?
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27. | The membrane on the surface of the lung is called the
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28. | A body part that is above another part is said to be
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29. | A section that separates the body into left and right portions is a
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30. | When a body is in the anatomical position, it is
A. | standing erect with the face forward. |
B. | standing erect with face turned to the side. |
C. | lying on the back with the face forward. |
D. | lying on the back with the face turned to the side. |
E. | standing erect with the upper limbs reaching over the head. |
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31. | Observing how bones of the arm differ in shape from bones of the leg is a study in
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32. | The effects of a hormone on digestive activity is an example of
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33. | Water, H2O, is an example of which level of organization?
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34. | The stomach is an example of which organizational level?
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35. | The entire digestive tract is an example of which organizational level?
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36. | In the list below, which displays the highest organizational level of complexity?
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37. | Squinting and blinking the eyes in bright sunlight is an example of this characteristic of life.
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38. | Sweating caused by hot weather is an example of this characteristic of life.
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39. | Changing absorbed substances into chemically different forms is the definition of this life process.
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40. | 10. Movement of substances in body fluids is the definition of this life process.
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41. | Removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions is the definition of this life process.
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42. | The passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids is an example of this life process.
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43. | Rob is camping out when a cold front causes freezing temperatures. Rob begins to shiver. Shivering in this scenario is an example of a(an)
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44. | Which of the following is not in the thoracic cavity?
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45. | The structure that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity is the
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46. | Which serous membrane is associated with the surface of the heart?
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47. | Which serous membrane lines the walls of the thoracic cavity?
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48. | In the human, anterior and posterior are the same as
A. | superior and inferior. |
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49. | The right eye and right lung are
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50. | A transverse section of a banana would be shaped like a(n)
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51. | The __________ region is superior and lateral to the umbilical region.
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52. | This region refers to the front of the elbow.
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53. | The spleen is contained in the
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54. | The appendix is contained in the
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55. | The gall bladder is contained in the
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56. | The urinary bladder is located in which abdominopelvic region?
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True / False Questions
57. | The structure of a body part is closely related to its function.
True False |
58. | All forms of life use oxygen in respiration.
True False |
59. | Sex hormones help to strengthen bones.
True False |
60. | All materials, including those of the human body, are composed of chemicals.
True False |
61. | The traits that humans share with other organisms are called characteristics of life.
True False |
62. | Heat is a form of energy.
True False |
63. | Heat helps determine the rate of metabolic reactions.
True False |
64. | Homeostatic mechanisms act through positive feedback.
True False |
65. | The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.
True False |
66. | The human organism can be divided into an axial portion and appendicular portion.
True False |
67. | The organ systems responsible for integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine systems.
True False |
68. | Parietal membranes are attached to the surfaces of organs.
True False |
69. | The digestive system filters wastes from the blood and maintains fluid and electrolyte balance.
True False |
70. | The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of posture and production of body heat.
True False |
71. | The ears are lateral to the eyes.
True False |
72. | The elbow is distal to the wrist.
True False |
73. | The absence of vital signs signifies death.
True False |
74. | In properly describing a patient's wound, the terms "right" and "left" apply to the patient's right and left.
True False |
75. | The mouth is distal to the nose.
True False |
76. | Part of the liver may be found in the right lower quadrant.
True False |
Fill in the Blank Questions
77. | The branch of science that deals with the structure of human body parts is called ________.
________________________________________ |
78. | The branch of science that deals with the function of human body parts is called ________.
________________________________________ |
79. | The topics of human anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because the structures of the body parts are closely related to their ________.
________________________________________ |
80. | ________ is the sum total of all of the chemical reactions in the body that break substances down and build them up.
________________________________________ |
81. | ________ obtains oxygen, uses oxygen to release energy from foods and removes gaseous wastes.
________________________________________ |
82. | The most abundant chemical substance in the body is ________.
________________________________________ |
83. | The weight of the air produces a force called atmospheric ________.
________________________________________ |
84. | ________ are substances that provide the body with necessary chemicals (nutrients) in addition to water.
________________________________________ |
85. | Heat is a form of ________.
________________________________________ |
86. | Maintenance of a stable internal environment is called ________.
________________________________________ |
87. | Homeostatic mechanisms act through ________ feedback.
________________________________________ |
88. | ________ is a gas that makes up one-fifth of ordinary air.
________________________________________ |
89. | The force on the outside of the body due to the weight of air above it is called atmospheric ________.
________________________________________ |
90. | ________ provide information about specific conditions (stimuli) in the internal environment.
________________________________________ |
91. | ________ cause responses that alter conditions in the internal environment.
________________________________________ |
92. | The heart, esophagus, trachea and thymus are located within the ________.
________________________________________ |
93. | The ________ cavity contains the teeth and tongue.
________________________________________ |
94. | The ________ cavity is the part of the abdominopelvic cavity that contains the terminal portion of the large intestine, the urinary bladder and the internal reproductive organs.
________________________________________ |
95. | A particular hormone affects only a particular group of cells, called its ________ cells.
________________________________________ |