Ch04 Test Bank Physical Geography Weather And Test Bank Docx

Chapter 04 Test Bank: Physical Geography: Weather and Climate Key

1. The three most important elements that make up weather are

A. temperature, precipitation, and vegetation.
B. precipitation, wind, and temperature.
C. temperature, wind, and solar energy.
D. climate, moisture, and solar energy.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Differentiating Weather and Climate

2. The layer of the earth's atmosphere that contains virtually all air, clouds, and precipitation is called the

A. asthenosphere.
B. troposphere.
C. solstice.
D. equinox.

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3. Energy from the sun is transformed into heat

A. primarily at the earth's surface and secondarily in the atmosphere.
B. by way of solar radiation, or insolation.
C. through the collection of solar energy.
D. by means of the circumpolar vortex.

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4. The amount of incoming solar radiation available at various places on the earth depends mainly on

A. longitude.
B. the angle at which the sun's rays strike the earth and the number of daylight hours.
C. the earth's rotation.
D. the absorbance of the earth surface material.

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5. The pattern of average July temperatures is influenced most strongly by

A. latitude alone.
B. patterns of cloud cover.
C. presence of water or land.
D. latitude and presence of water and land.

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
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6. The earth's axis is tilted about __________ away from the perpendicular.

A. 67.5°
B. 45°
C. 7.5°
D. 23.5°

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7. When neither the Northern nor the Southern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, the noon sun's vertical rays are felt at

A. 23.5° north and south latitude.
B. the equator.
C. 67.5° north and south latitude.
D. the summer solstice.

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8. Proceeding from the equator toward the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere summer, the

A. hours of darkness increase.
B. the number of hours in a day increases

C. hours of daylight become fewer.
D. hours of daylight become greater.

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9. Which statement is most accurate regarding temperatures at a given latitude in marine environments versus continental environments?

A. Compared to marine environments, continental environments are warmer in both winter and summer.
B. Compared to continental environments, marine environments are warmer in both winter and summer.
C. Compared to marine environments, continental environments are colder in winter and warmer in summer.
D. Compared to marine environments, continental environments are warmer in winter and cooler in summer.

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

10. If sea level temperature is 100°F (10°C), what is the temperature at an altitude of 10,000 feet (610m)? (Use the lapse rate.)

A. 90°F (32.2°C)
B. 65°F (18.3°C)
C. 50°F (10.0°C)
D. 0°F (-17.8°C)

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
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11. A temperature inversion occurs when

A. there is a sudden drop in temperature.
B. the normal diurnal cycle of cool mornings and warm afternoons is reversed.
C. air at lower altitudes is cooler than air aloft.
D. smog increases to dangerous levels.

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12. Under average circumstances at sea level, the weight of a column of air 1 inch by 1 inch by about 6 miles into the atmosphere weighs about

A. 29.92 ounces.
B. 14.7 pounds.
C. 3.5 degrees.
D. 23.5 kilograms.

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13. If distances between high-and low-pressure zones are short, __________ are steep and __________ are great.

A. slopes, wind velocities
B. pressure gradients, wind velocities
C. lapse rates, convectional flows
D. slopes, mountain and valley breezes

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14. The Coriolis effect means that wind appears to deflect toward the

A. right in the Southern Hemisphere and toward the left in the Northern Hemisphere.
B. right in both Southern and Northern Hemispheres.
C. left in the Southern Hemisphere and toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere.
D. left in the Southern Hemisphere and toward the left in the Northern Hemisphere.

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15. Warm air rises and tends to move away from the

A. equatorial low-pressure belt.
B. subtropical high-pressure belt.
C. northeast trades.
D. westerlies.

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16. Which of the following move(s) in the Northern Hemisphere in a west-to-east direction around the earth in an undulating pattern?

A. the westerlies
B. the Coriolis effect
C. El Ni–o
D. the jet stream

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17. The world's major ocean currents are set into motion by

A. condensation nuclei.
B. differences in water density.
C. major wind patterns.
D. hurricanes.

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18. Which statement is NOT true of the world's hot deserts?

A. They have desert shrub vegetation.
B. They are located along the subtropical high pressure belt.
C. They are located on the pole ward side of savannas.
D. They are dry primarily because of the rain shadow effect.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
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19. Which statement about El Nino is NOT true?

A. It involves the buildup of warm water along the east coast of South America
B. The word itself is Spanish for "little child" and refers to the infant Jesus because it typically occurs near Christmastime
C. It is associated with dramatic changes to rainfall patterns in the United States
D. It is a 3-4 year cycle of change in the water temperature in the Pacific

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20. The particles around which condensation nuclei are formed are

A. dust, water crystals, and salt crystals.
B. dust, pollen, and smoke.
C. water crystals, salt crystals, and ozone.
D. ozone, oxygen, and radon.

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21. The type of cloud from which heavy rain falls is a

A. cirrus.
B. cirrostratus.
C. stratus.
D. cumulonimbus.

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22. The type of precipitation that is associated with hills and mountains is called

A. convectional.
B. orographic.
C. frontal.
D. cyclonic.

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23. The boundary between two different air masses is called

A. the southern oscillation.
B. a front.
C. the windward side.
D. a pressure gradient.

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24. The type of climate found within the equatorial low pressure zone and characterized by warm temperatures and regular convective rainfall throughout the year is the

A. tropical rain forest.
B. savanna.
C. Mediterranean.
D. marine west coast.

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25. The type of climate that is characterized by warm temperatures throughout the year, rainy summers and dry winters is the

A. tropical rain forest.
B. savanna.
C. Mediterranean.
D. marine west coast.

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26. Characteristic vegetation of the steppe climate is

A. tundra.
B. deciduous forest.
C. coniferous forest.
D. grass and desert shrubs.

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27. Characteristic features of the marine west coast climate are

A. cool year round temperatures, wet summers, and dry winters.
B. wet year round, warm summers, and cold winters.
C. wet year round, cool summers, and cool winters.
D. cool year round, dry summers, and wet winters.

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28. The name given to the nearly treeless zone to the north of the forested subarctic region of the Northern Hemisphere is

A. humid continental climate.
B. the tundra.
C. the savanna.
D. the steppe.

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29. Which statement is NOT true of a sea breeze?

A. It is caused by differences in the heating of land and water.
B. It blows from land towards the sea.
C. It is a convectional circulation.
D. It makes living by the seashore more comfortable in warm climates.

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30. The angle of the sun's rays at a given time and date is most influenced by a location's

A. latitude.
B. longitude.
C. distribution of land and water.
D. cloud cover.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
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31. The seasons are the result of the earth's

A. rotation on its axis and its revolution around the sun.
B. varying distance from the sun.
C. revolution around the sun and the inclination of its axis.
D. varying distance from the planets of the solar system.

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32. The earth's atmosphere is heated primarily by the process of

A. direct solar radiation.
B. reradiation from the earth.
C. absorption from the earth.
D. latent heat of condensation.

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33. Geographically, a hurricane is most likely to develop

A. along an air mass boundary.
B. in a hot, dry air mass.
C. in a cool, wet air mass.
D. over warm ocean waters.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

34. A temperature inversion is of concern in Los Angeles because

A. it causes a sudden drop in temperature.
B. the normal diurnal cycle of cool mornings and warm afternoons is reversed.
C. it leads to record breaking high temperatures and wildfires.
D. smog can increase to dangerous levels in the stagnant air.

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35. A pressure gradient force causes winds to flow from

A. low pressure areas to high pressure areas.
B. high pressure areas to low pressure areas.
C. areas having equal pressure.
D. areas lacking pressure differences.

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36. Orographic precipitation occurs

A. mostly in the tropical rainforest climate zone.
B. mostly in cumulonimbus clouds.
C. on the coastal, windward slopes of mountain ranges.
D. on the interior, leeward slopes of mountain ranges.

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37. In the Northern Hemisphere, the trade winds blow

A. from the southeast.
B. between the subtropical high and equatorial low.
C. from low to high pressure regions.
D. from a general westerly direction.

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38. The planetary wind and pressure belts

A. keep their same position throughout the year.
B. shift northward during our winter and southward during summer.
C. shift eastward during our winter and westward during summer.
D. shift southward during our winter and northward during summer.

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39. Waves in the jet streams correspond to changes in the

A. vertical rays of the sun.
B. ocean tides in the mid-latitudes.
C. flow of warm and cold air masses into the mid-latitudes.
D. pull of gravity, causing earthquakes.

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40. Monsoon circulations occur most noticeably in

A. the Mediterranean Sea lands of southern Europe and northwestern Africa.
B. Canada and Russia.
C. the Amazon Valley in South America and Congo Basin in Africa.
D. South and Southeast Asia.

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41. The circulation of winds in the Northern Hemisphere is

A. clockwise around lows and highs.
B. counterclockwise around lows and highs.
C. clockwise around lows, counterclockwise around highs.
D. counterclockwise around lows, clockwise around highs.

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42. What type of precipitation is caused by air being heated at the surface of the earth?

A. convectional
B. conductional
C. orographic
D. cyclonic

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43. Rainfall is caused by

A. increasing air temperature.
B. cooling of saturated air.
C. decreasing relative humidity.
D. location along a rain shadow.

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44. The Fujita scale is used to measure the strength of

A. tornadoes.
B. hurricanes.
C. blizzards.
D. tsunami.

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45. Hurricanes are classified into categories based on all of the following EXCEPT

A. barometric pressure.
B. wind speed.
C. lifespan.
D. potential damage.

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46. What type of climate is characterized by hot summers, mild or moderate winters, and plentiful rainfall distributed throughout the year?

A. marine west coast
B. Mediterranean
C. humid subtropical
D. humid continental

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47. Which of the following statements about carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is NOT true?

A. It is the primary greenhouse gas.
B. It is not naturally occurring.
C. Its levels have increased due to burning coal, petroleum, and natural gas.
D. Its levels have increased due to deforestation.

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48. Which of the following climatic phenomena is responsible for keeping northern Europe and the northwest coast of Russia warmer than it would otherwise be?

A. North Atlantic Drift
B. El Nino
C. La Nina
D. monsoon

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49. Typical summer storms or showers in tropical and continental climates are a type of ___________ precipitation.

A. orographic
B. convectional
C. cyclonic
D. frontal

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50. Which is NOT a likely consequence of global warming?

A. rising sea levels
B. melting glaciers
C. shorter growing seasons
D. changes in precipitation patterns

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51. Spring and autumn equinoxes occur on approximately ______________________ respectively.

A. April 31 and June 21
B. June 21 and December 21
C. March 21 and September 21
D. April 21 and June 21

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52. Tropical climates (A) of the Köppen system do NOT include

A. Tropical rain forest
B. Monsoon
C. Savanna
D. Hot Deserts

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53. Which of the following are NOT air mass source regions?

A. Continental polar and continental tropic
B. Maritime polar and marine west coast
C. Continental tropical and maritime tropical
D. Maritime polar and maritime tropical

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54. In order to balance the pressure differences that develop, air from heavier high-pressure areas flows to low-pressure zones.

TRUE

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55. Valley breezes usually occur at night, and mountain breezes usually occur in the day.

FALSE

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56. Land breezes usually occur at night, and sea breezes usually occur in the day.

TRUE

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57. Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the amount required for condensation to begin at a given temperature.

TRUE

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58. The dew point is the temperature at which condensation begins to occur.

TRUE

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59. The rain shadow generally is located on the leeward side of mountain ranges.

TRUE

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60. Air masses tend to form along frontal boundaries.

FALSE

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61. A typhoon and a hurricane are essentially the same phenomenon.

TRUE

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62. The amount of available incoming solar radiation depends on cloud cover, day of year, time of day, and latitude.

TRUE

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63.If the earth was not tilted from the perpendicular, then solar energy received at a given latitude would not vary during the course of the year.

TRUE

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64.The equinoxes occur about June 21 and December 21.

FALSE

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65. At the June solstice, the North Pole receives 24 hours of daylight.

TRUE

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66. When air aloft has lower temperature than surface air, conditions are optimal for a temperature inversion.

FALSE

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67. Winter temperatures are generally lower in Marine West Coast climates than in Mediterranean climates.

FALSE

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68. Precipitation is generally more variable in dry regions than in areas with higher average annual precipitation.

TRUE

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69. A typical tornado is less than 10 feet (3.1m) in diameter.

TRUE

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70. The 20^th Century was the warmest century in the past 600 years and the 1990s were the warmest decade in the 20^th Century.

TRUE

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71. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

TRUE

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72. Temperature inversions have no effect on air pollution.

FALSE

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73. The coastal areas of the U.S. most vulnerable to rising sea levels caused by global warming are found mostly on the West Coast.

FALSE

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74. Humid subtropical climates have drier summers than Mediterranean climates.

FALSE

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75. Savannas are characterized by dry winters.

TRUE

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76. Subarctic climates are home to vast deciduous forests.

FALSE

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77. What is the layer of the atmosphere adjacent to the earth's surface called?

Troposphere

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Differentiating Weather and Climate

78. Compare the temperature of ocean currents on the East Coast and West Coast of the U.S.

Clockwise ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere bring cold currents down the West Coast and warm currents along the East Coast of the U.S.

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Section: 04.03 Ocean Currents
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

79. What is the name applied to the type of climate and vegetation of high latitude areas of shrubs, mosses, and grasses?

Tundra

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

80. What is the collective name referring to rain, snow, sleet, and hail?

Precipitation

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

81. What is the term referring to the boundary between two unlike air masses?

Front

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Topic: Types of Precipitation

82. What effect do volcanic eruptions have on global climate?

Global cooling

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Topic: Climate Change

83. Using your knowledge of the elements of weather, explain why the tropical rain forest is warm and rainy.

The tropical rain forest is found in a zone where the direct rays of the sun strike twice a year, causing intense heating. It is also the location of the equatorial low-pressure belt, which means that air tends to rise. Convectional rainfall results almost daily because of the intense heating. The area is warm, rainy, and humid all year.

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Topic: Climate Regions

84. Sketch a diagram showing orographic precipitation and use real locations from the U.S. to illustrate the phenomenon.

Sketch should show a water body, mountain range, and prevailing wind direction with rainfall occurring on the windward side and a rain shadow on the leeward side. The Pacific Northwest is one possible example.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

85. What are the differences between weather and climate?

Weather describes the current condition of temperature, precipitation, and air pressure and wind at particular locations. Climate describes the typical conditions of weather as it can be discerned from weather data gathered over an extended period of time.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Differentiating Weather and Climate

86. What sort of evidence is there for the existence of a medieval warm period?

Answers will vary. Vikings settlements in Greenland and Iceland, farming moved up to higher altitudes and latitudes in Europe, and vineyards were established in Britain.

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: Climate Regions

87. What explanations have scientists given for the medieval warm period and the little ice age?

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: Climate Regions

88. Explain the basis for classifying hurricanes.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

89. Summarize the possible consequences of global warming.

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

90. State the scientific evidence for and against global warming.

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

91. The dew point is the

A. critical temperature required for condensation to take place.
B. development of cirrus clouds during the winter season.
C. elevation of the earth's surface when the lapse rate reaches 0°C.
D. relative humidity in mid-latitude climates.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

92. Air pressure is greater

A. at the earth's surface.
B. in the upper atmosphere.
C. when a column of mercury can be balanced at a height of 76 centimeters.
D. when the air is warmer.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

93. What term refers to energy being absorbed by the earth then returned to the atmosphere?

A. reflection
B. Temperature inversion
C. Insolation
D. Reradiation

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

94. Which of the following descriptions of air temperature from the ground up best depicts the existence of an inversion layer?

A. Cool, cooler, cold
B. Cool, warm, cool
C. Warm, cool, cooler
D. Warm, cool, warm

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

95. Which of the following statements concerning a cyclonic storm is not correct?

A. It can be of either weak or strong intensity
B. It is a large system of air circulation centered on a region of low atmospheric pressure
C. The probability of cyclonic storms increases with increases in contrast of temperature and humidity between two air masses
D. In the Northern Hemisphere the winds move in a clockwise direction around the area of low pressure

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

96. Jet streams are

A. cold surface ocean currents.
B. more pronounced in the summer than in the winter.
C. responsible for the North Atlantic Drift.
D. upper air wind systems of rapidly moving air.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

97. According to the normal lapse rate, the difference in temperature between a location at 1000 meters at 10°C and an elevation of 3000 meters would be

A. 7.0°C.
B. 10.5°C.
C. 16.0°C.
D. 22.0°C.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

98. Most of the United States lies within which belt of wind that usually moves across the country from southwest to northeast?

A. Equatorial trough of low pressure
B. Mid-latitude westerlies
C. Northeast trades
D. Subtropical highs

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

99. Surface ocean currents are set in motion by

A. density of the water.
B. global wind direction patterns.
C. topography of the ocean bottom.
D. depth of the ocean.

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Section: 04.03 Ocean Currents
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

100. The two most fundamental factors concerning solar insolation are

A. angle of the sun's rays and degree of cloud cover.
B. angle of the sun's rays and number of daylight hours.
C. elevation above sea level and number of daylight hours.
D. elevation above sea level and degree of cloud cover.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

101. On June 21, the sun is vertically overhead at

A. the equator.
B. the poles.
C. 23.5° North.
D. 23.5° South.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

102. In order to equalize air pressure imbalances, air moves from

A. high pressure to high pressure.
B. high pressure to low pressure.
C. low pressure to low pressure.
D. low pressure to high pressure.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

103. Which continent does not have a humid continental climate region?

A. North America
B. Europe
C. Australia
D. Asia

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

104. When the distance between areas of high and low pressure are short, then

A. orographic precipitation occurs.
B. solar radiation receipt is diminished.
C. temperature inversions occur.
D. wind velocities are great.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

105. Mountain breezes usually occur during the _____ and valley breezes usually occur during the _____.

A. night; night
B. night; day
C. day; night
D. day; day

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

106. Wind movements in the Northern Hemisphere tend to be deflected in what direction?
A. North
B. South
C. Left
D. Right

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

107. The two most important elements that differentiate weather conditions are

A. air pressure and precipitation.
B. air pressure and temperature.
C. precipitation and seasonal changes.
D. temperature and precipitation.

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

108. The vegetation native to Mediterranean climates is characterized by

A. deciduous trees such as maple, elm, and sycamore.
B. shrubs and small deciduous trees like the scrub oak.
C. cacti.
D. tundra.

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

109. On a clear, cloudless night the reradiation process causes

A. rainfall, and perhaps a severe thunderstorm.
B. the earth to store more energy.
C. humidity to increase.
D. temperatures to decrease.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

110. Of the following responses, solar energy is most effectively stored in

A. large continental land masses.
B. large bodies of water.
C. mountainous regions.
D. desert climates.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

111. Coastal deserts are usually the result of

A. warm ocean currents.
B. orographic precipitation.
C. cold ocean currents.
D. subtropical high pressure.

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Section: 04.03 Ocean Currents
Topic: Climate Regions

112. Which statement is not true about global warming?

A. The 20th century was the warmest century since the medieval warm period of 800-1,200 A.D.
B. The rate of glacial melt has accelerated in the past few decades
C. Scientists now have the tools to predict the local and regional consequences of global warming
D. Global warming will alter temperature and precipitation patterns

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: Climate Change

113. Which statement about air pressure is correct?

A. The greater the differences in air pressure between places, the greater the wind
B. Air pressure is lowest closer to the earth's surface
C. High temperatures are associated with high air pressure
D. If distances between high- and low-pressure zones are short, wind velocities diminish

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

114. Which statement is true about land and sea breezes?

A. During the day, warm air over the land replaces cooler air over the sea
B. During the day, cool air over the water replaces warm air over the land
C. During the night, cool air over the water replaces warm air over the land
D. During the night, warm air over the land replaces cool air over the water

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

115. In what region of the world are tropical cyclones called typhoons?

A. Caribbean Sea
B. Atlantic Ocean
C. Indian Ocean
D. Western Pacific Ocean

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

116. Rather than flowing in a straight line from the polar region to the equator, winds are deflected due to the

A. Coriolis effect.
B. Earth's topography.
C. frictional effect.
D. gravity.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

117. Which statement is not true about continental environments?

A. Continental environments are areas not affected by nearby water
B. Continental environments are more likely to experience a more moderate range of temperatures than marine environments
C. Continental environments are more likely to have warmer summers than marine environments
D. Continental environments are a result of land heating and cooling more rapidly than water

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

118. Which of the following is not considered a natural factor in short-term climatic change?

A. Volcanic eruptions
B. Sunspot activity
C. Earth's orbital shape
D. Oceanic circulation

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: Climate Change

119. The lowest layer of the earth's atmosphere, which contains virtually all of the air, clouds, and precipitation of the earth is the

A. mesosphere.
B. stratosphere.
C. troposphere.
D. exosphere.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

120. What type of precipitation results in a rain shadow region of dry conditions?

A. Orographic
B. Convectional
C. Cyclonic
D. Frontal

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

121. Which statement is not true about the greenhouse effect?

A. The greenhouse effect began with the Industrial Revolution
B. Carbon dioxoide is the primary greenhouse gas
C. The greenhouse effect slows down reradiation back into space
D. Deforestation adds to the greenhouse effect

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: Climate Change

122. On the summer solstice for the northern hemisphere, the sun is directly above the

A. Tropic of Cancer.
B. Tropic of Capricorn.
C. Arctic Circle.
D. Antarctic Circle.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

123. On December 21, when the sun is directly above the Tropic of Capricorn, the sun never sets at latitudes south of the

A. Tropic of Cancer.
B. Tropic of Capricorn.
C. Arctic Circle.
D. Antarctic Circle.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

124. High pressure air masses are

A. heavy and warm.
B. heavy and cold.
C. light and warm.
D. light and cold.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

125. The seasonal wind that reverses direction during the year leading to dry and rainy seasons is

A. monsoon.
B. neap.
C. trade.
D. westerlies.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

126. Air that contains so much water vapor that the vapor condenses (changes from a gas to a liquid), is said to be

A. fluvial.
B. supersaturated.
C. waterlogged.
D. humidified.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

127. The anvil-head cloud that often accompanies heavy rain is what type of cloud?

A. Altostratus
B. Cirrocumulus
C. Cumulonimbus
D. Nimbostratus

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

128. The percentage measure of the moisture content of the air compared to satuation is expressed by the

A. pH balance.
B. proportional dew point.
C. relative humidity.
D. atmosphere taxonomy.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

129. The smallest and most violent of all storms is the

A. blizzard.
B. typhoon.
C. cyclone.
D. tornado.

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

130. The best known climate classification scheme, based on natural vegetation in addition to temperature and precipitation criteria, is the

A. climatic categorization.
B. KöppenCassification.
C. ritter catalog.
D. atmosphere taxonomy.

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

131. On a climagraph, a u-shaped temperature line (one that dips in the middle) indicates that the location of the climagraph station is

A. north of the equator.
B. south of the equator.
C. east of the prime meridian.
D. west of the prime meridian.

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

132. What term is used to describe the northern boundary zone beyond the treed subarctic regions?

A. Savanna
B. Steppe
C. Semidesert
D. Tundra

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Climate Regions

133. Which of the following has not been suggested by scientists as an explanation of long-term climatic change?

A. The changing shape of the earth's orbit around the sun
B. The varying tilt of the earth's axis relative to the sun
C. The changing direction of the earth in its revolution around the sun
D. The gyration of the earth's rotation axis

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Section: 04.06 Climate Change
Topic: Climate Change

134. The circulatory motion of descending cool air and ascending warm air is known as

A. pressure.
B. convection.
C. friction.
D. drifting.

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Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds
Topic: Air Pressure and Winds

135. The transition zone between the troposphere and the stratosphere which marks the level at which temperature ceases to fall with attitude is known as the

A. mesosphere.
B. exosphere.
C. thermopause.
D. tropopause.

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Section: 04.01 Air Temperature
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

136. Deflected in a northeasterly direction by the shape of the North American coast, this ocean current brings warm water to northern Europe.

A. North Atlantic drift
B. West wind drift
C. Labrador current
D. North equatorial current

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Section: 04.03 Ocean Currents
Topic: Climate Regions

137. Which of the following is not one of the three types of precipitation that may take place when large masses of air rise?

A. Convectional
B. Orographic
C. Köppen
D. Cyclonic/frontal

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Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere
Topic: Types of Precipitation

138. The chart used to show average monthly temperatures and precipitation for a particular weather station is known as a(n)

A. atmosketch.
B. climagraph.
C. enviroplan.
D. weather map.

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Section: 04.05 Climate Regions
Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies

Chapter 04 Test Bank: Physical Geography: Weather and Climate Summary

Category-# of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation-124

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember-126

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand-7

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply-3

Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze-1

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate-1

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Gradable: manual-14

Section: 04.01 Air Temperature-36

Section: 04.02 Air Pressure and Winds-30

Section: 04.03 Ocean Currents-6

Section: 04.04 Moisture in the Atmosphere-31

Section: 04.05 Climate Regions-22

Section: 04.06 Climate Change-13

Topic: Air Pressure and Winds-33

Topic: Climate Change-5

Topic: Climate Regions-28

Topic: Defining and Illustrating Atmospheric Terminologies-33

Topic: Differentiating Weather and Climate-3

Topic: The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming-6

Topic: Types of Precipitation-30