4th Edition Test Bank Docx Ch.8 Reporting Research

Test Bank

Chapter 8: Reporting Research

Multiple Choice

1. APA-style research articles are written for an audience of ______.

a. the general public

b. doctoral students

c. other researchers in psychology and related fields

d. undergraduate students

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: APA-Style Article Writing

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The APA-style section’s correct order is ______.

a. results, discussion, references, abstract

b. abstract, introduction, method, results

c. method, introduction, discussion, results

d. references, abstract, results, method

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. In an APA-style paper, authors’ names and affiliations should appear ______.

a. on the title page

b. at the top of the abstract

c. at the top of the introduction

d. at the end of the paper

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The purpose of the abstract does not include ______.

a. describing the results of the study

b. briefly explaining the purpose of the study

c. briefly describing the method of the study

d. detailing the apparatus utilized for the study

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. A good introduction is not the section to ______.

a. introduce the topic of the study

b. review past studies that addressed the research questions of the study

c. explain how the study will add new knowledge to the field

d. state hypotheses, and detail the findings of the study

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. ______ would be appropriate to include in the method section of an APA-style paper.

a. The participants’ names

b. The use of number 2 pencils in study

c. A description of the instructions given to participants in the study

d. The exact amount of time each participant took to complete the study

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The results section of a research article would not include ______.

a. the alpha level used

b. the statistical tests used

c. the statistics calculated in the tests

d. data description of how participants were recruited

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. A good discussion section should begin with ______.

a. a restatement of the hypotheses

b. a review of past results

c. the results of the statistical tests (e.g., t, F, and p values)

d. the title of the paper

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. The APA-style reference section’s references should be listed ______.

a. in order of appearance in the article

b. in alphabetical order by first author’s last name

c. by length (shortest reference articles first)

d. in any order the author wishes

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Research proposals should describe the proposed study in ______.

a. past verb tense

b. present verb tense

c. future verb tense

d. whatever tense the author sees fit

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Research Proposals

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. An example of a correct APA-style citation is ______.

a. Smith & Jones (1999) found that …

b. Smith and Jones found that …

c. Smith and Jones, 1999, found that …

d. Smith and Jones (1999) found that …

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: General Formatting

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Limitations of a study are discussed in the ______ section of an APA-style article.

a. introduction

b. method

c. results

d. discussion

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Figures and tables of summary data from the study are typically presented in the ______ section of an APA-style article.

a. introduction

b. method

c. results

d. discussion

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. The number of participants in a study is described in the ______ section of an APA-style article.

a. introduction

b. method

c. results

d. discussion

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The ______ subsection of the method section should contain a chronological description of the participants’ tasks in a study.

a. participants

b. design

c. materials

d. procedure

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. The ______ subsection of the method section should contain a description of any stimuli used in a study.

a. participants

b. design

c. materials

d. procedure

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. The ______ subsection of the method section should contain demographic information about the participants in a study.

a. participants

b. design

c. materials

d. procedure

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. The purpose of the ______ is to include a shortened version of your title that runs along the top of every other page of a published article to identify the article within the journal.

a. header

b. subtitle

c. footer

d. running head

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. The length of the APA style abstract is limited to ______.

a. 120 to 150 or fewer words

b. 80 to 90 or fewer words

c. 40 to 65 or fewer words

d. 180 to 210 or fewer words

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. According to APA style, the entire article should be ______.

a. double spaced

b. single spaced

c. triple spaced

d. the manual does not specify

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: General Formatting

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. For articles with ______ or fewer authors, list all authors the first time you cite the article.

a. six

b. five

c. seven

d. eight

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Before You Write

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. In APA-style formatting, the introduction will begin on the ______ page of your article.

a. first

b. second

c. third

d. fourth

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. The method section begins on the ______.

a. next line after your introduction ends

b. fourth page of your article

c. third page of your article

d. fifth page of your article

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. How participants were assigned to study conditions (e.g., randomly) should be indicated in the ______ section.

a. participants

b. design

c. materials

d. procedure

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. If a source with three or more authors is cited a second time; or more than five authors at any time, include just the last name of the first author and ______ to indicate there are other authors.

a. et el.

b. al et.

c. et al.

d. el et.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Before You Write

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. APA style refers to the writing style proposed by the ______.

a. American Psychological Association

b. American Psychiatric Association

c. American Philosophical Association

d. American Planning Association

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: APA-Style Article Writing

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. The running head is no more than ______.

a. 20 characters including spaces

b. 50 characters including spaces

c. 60 characters including spaces

d. 70 characters including spaces

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. The abstract starts on the ______ page of an article.

a. second

b. fourth

c. third

d. fifth

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. The ______ section is not explicitly listed in the APA Publication Manual but often included by researchers.

a. participants

b. design

c. materials

d. procedure

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. The ______ subsection is often included by authors for studies with more complex designs (e.g., experiments) to improve the clarity of the method.

a. participants

b. design

c. materials

d. procedure

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. The discussion section continues where the ______ section ends.

a. introduction

b. method

c. results

d. procedure

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. The following citation has the format error of ______.

Smith, A. (2015). Learning about APA. Journal of Counseling, 18(2), 20‑39.

a. APA should not be capitalized

b. the issue number should not be italicized

c. the year should be underlined

d. the volume number should not be italicized

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. ______ is not considered to be an APA-style guideline.

a. All numbers in the abstract should be in numerical form

b. Must define abbreviations the first time it is used

c. The entire article should be single-spaced

d. Use words for number less than 10

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: General Formatting

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. Claiming another’s work or ideas as one’s own is called ______.

a. plagiarism

b. ghost writing

c. gift authorship

d. copying

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Before You Write

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. An oral presentation begins by ______.

a. introducing the main concepts

b. stating your hypotheses

c. explaining the methods section

d. reviewing the results

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.3: Compare different methods of communicating research findings

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Oral Presentations

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. If a researcher includes a direct quote from a source in the article report, the ______ of the quote ______ should also be included.

a. date; publication

b. page; location

c. author; year

d. copyright; year

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Before You Write

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. An example of APA-styled in-text citation is ______.

a. The authors (Hamilton and Mayes, 2006) stated …

b. Hamilton & Mayes (2006) stated …

c. Hamilton and Mayes (2006) stated …

d. The authors (2006) stated …

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Before You Write

Difficulty Level: Medium

38. The APA-styled article’s Abstract section ends with the ______ of the study.

a. sample description

b. primary conclusion

c. date of conclusion

d. year of publication

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: APA-Style Article Writing

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. The format for statistics according to APA style for the degrees of freedom provided is ______.

a. no distinguishing style

b. parenthesized

c. bolded

d. italicized

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. For APA-style articles describing multiple-related studies in one article, the ______ and ______ sections are repeated for each study.

a. method; results

b. introduction; discussion

c. participants; method

d. methods; references

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: APA-Style Article Writing

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Gender should not be included in the participant description to control for bias.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: APA-Style Article Writing

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Statistical values are generally rounded to two decimal places in the Results section of an APA-style article.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Citations are only used when quoting from another source.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Before You Write

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. All APA-style research articles should contain a design section.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. One-inch margins are used when formatting pages of an APA-style manuscript.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: General Formatting

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. APA style refers to the writing style proposed by the American Psychological Association.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: APA-Style Article Writing

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The first page of an APA-style article will be the abstract.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. The running head is typed in all lowercase letters and appears in the header on each page, left margin justified.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: General Formatting

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. In APA-style articles, numbers in the abstract should be typed in numerical form.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The study hypotheses are stated in the beginning of the introduction section.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. In APA-style research articles humans are typically referred to as “participants” and nonhuman animals as “subjects.”

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Proposals are typically written to persuade reviewers that a research project should be conducted.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Research Proposals

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Oral presentations of a study are often given before an APA-style article is written.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.3: Compare different methods of communicating research findings

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Reporting Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Each of the main APA-style sections is included as well as visual presentations of stimuli and results in a Poster presentation.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.3: Compare different methods of communicating research findings

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Poster Presentations

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Discuss the purpose of a research proposal and what should be included in a study proposal submission.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.3: Compare different methods of communicating research findings

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Research Proposals

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. What is the purpose of presenting past studies in the introduction of a research article?

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. When should citations be used in a research paper?

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.2: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Before You Write

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. In what ways do research articles differ from oral and poster presentations?

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.3: Compare different methods of communicating research findings

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Oral Presentations

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Discuss the purpose of the design section and how it should be formatted.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.1: Identify the information that belongs in each section of an APA-style paper

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Discuss the references section and give an example of an APA-style formatted reference.

KEY: Learning Objective: 8.3: Demonstrate scientific writing in APA-style

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sections of an APA-Style Article

Difficulty Level: Hard