Wyma Ch.51 Exam Prep Principles Of Pharmacology

Student name:__________

1) Because of the potential for abuse, you must follow correct procedures for disposal of __________ substances.

2) The process of converting a drug from its dose form, such as a tablet or capsule, into a form the body can use is called __________.

3) To __________ a drug is to give it directly by injection, by mouth, or by any other route that introduces the drug into a patient's body.

4) A healthcare professional __________ a drug by distributing it, in a properly labeled container, to a patient who is to use it.

5) The process of transporting a drug from its administration site to its site of action is called __________; this term also pertains to the length of time between dosing and availability in the bloodstream.

6) The __________ of a medication is the size, frequency, and number of doses or duration of therapy.

7) The therapeutic value of a medication is called its __________.

8) The manner in which a drug is eliminated from the body is called elimination or __________.

9) The __________ name is the official name of a drug.

10) The purpose or reason for using a drug is known as a(n) __________.

11) The FDA must approve indications, or the purpose of a drug, before they can become part of a drug’s __________, which includes the form of the drug, such as tablet or liquid.

12) Government agencies use the popular term __________ for an opioid.

13) A natural or synthetic drug that produces opium-like effects, such as codeine, morphine, and meperidine (Demerol) is a(n) __________.

14) A licensed practitioner’s written order that authorizes the dispensing and sometimes the administering of drugs to a patient is a(n) __________.

15) The study of what drugs do to the body is __________.

16) The study of characteristics of natural drugs and their sources is __________.

17) The study of what the body does to drugs is __________.

18) The study or science of drugs is called __________.

19) The study of how drugs are used to treat disease is __________.

20) __________ is the study of poisons or poisonous effects of drugs.

21) A brand or proprietary name for a drug selected by its manufacturer is its __________ name.

22) Information about conditions under which a drug should not be used is found in the __________ section of the package insert.

23) On the package insert pictured, the purpose and effects of the drug are found in the __________ section.

24) The __________ section of the package insert summarizes possible undesirable reactions to the drug.

25) General risks of taking the drug, usage in pregnancy, drug interactions, and toxicity information is found in the __________ section of the package insert.

26) The __________ section of the package insert provides information about the availability of dosages and forms of the drug.

27) Information about conditions that require adjustments in dosage or reasons to discontinue the drug are found in the __________ section of the package insert.

28) On the package insert, the conditions under which the drug is used is found in the __________ section.

29) A nonprescription, or __________, drug is one the FDA has approved for use without a licensed healthcare practitioner's supervision.

30) A(n) __________ drug is one that can only be used by order of a licensed practitioner and must be dispensed by a licensed healthcare professional.

31) The __________ information component is the part of a prescription that lists the name, address, and telephone number of the person who ordered the medication.

32) Another term for the transcription portion of a prescription is __________.

33) The part of a prescription that is required for prescriptions of Schedule II, III, IV, and V medications only is the __________ number.

34) A complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy that involves the use of magnets of varying sizes and strengths placed on the body to relieve pain or treat disease is __________ therapy.

35) A complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy that uses various postures to exercise the spine and stimulate the lymphatic system is __________.

36) A(n) __________ is a preparation made from microorganisms and administered to a person to produce reduced sensitivity to, or increased immunity to, an infectious disease.

37) When an antigen enters the body, specialized white blood cells called __________ produce antibodies, which in turn combine with the antigens to neutralize them.

38) Vaccines contain microorganisms that have been killed or __________ (weakened) in a laboratory.

39) An immunization that is made from the toxin of an organism, rather than the organism itself, is called a(n) __________.

40) A drug's therapeutic value is known as __________.

41) The unintended but fairly mild and common effects of a medication are called __________.

42) __________ is available online or can be loaded onto a smartphone or other portable device and includes more than 3,300 brand and generic drugs, and alternative medicines.

43) When a prescription is entered electronically and transmitted directly to a pharmacy, it is called __________.

44) The study of drugs is called __________.

A) pharmacognosy
B) pharmacology
C) pharmacodynamics
D) pharmacokinetics
E) pharmacotherapeutics

45) Which of the following refers to the study of characteristics of natural drugs and their sources?

A) pharmacodynamics
B) pharmacotherapeutics
C) pharmacognosy
D) pharmacokinetics
E) toxicology

46) What is the term for the study of what drugs do to the body?

A) pharmacodynamics
B) pharmacognosy
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacotherapeutics
E) toxicology

47) The name for the study of what the body does to a drug is called __________.

A) pharmacotherapeutics
B) pharmacodynamics
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacognosy
E) toxicology

48) Which of the following is the study of how drugs are used to treat disease?

A) pharmacodynamics
B) pharmacokinetics
C) pharmacognosy
D) pharmacotherapeutics
E) toxicology

49) The study of poisons or the poisonous effects of drugs is which of the following?

A) pharmacodynamics
B) pharmacognosy
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacotherapeutics
E) toxicology

50) Which of the following are examples of plant-derived drugs?

A) potassium chloride and mineral oil
B) thyroid hormone and insulin
C) digitoxin and quinine
D) cephalosporin and penicillin
E) pancreatin and pepsin

51) Which of the following are drugs derived from animal substances?

A) thyroid hormone and insulin
B) potassium chloride and mineral oil
C) cephalosporin and penicillin
D) digitoxin and quinine
E) ibuprofen and aspirin

52) Which drug is derived from a mineral source?

A) penicillin
B) quinine
C) cod-liver oil
D) digitoxin
E) potassium chloride

53) Which of the following drugs are made from bacteria and fungi?

A) cephalosporins and penicillins
B) digitoxin and quinine
C) pancreatin and pepsin
D) potassium chloride and mineral oil
E) insulin and thyroid hormones

54) __________ refers to the interaction between the drug and target cells or tissues and the body’s response to that interaction?

A) Pharmacognosy
B) Pharmacodynamics
C) Pharmacokinetics
D) Pharmacotherapeutics
E) Toxicology

55) Which of the following is the process of converting a drug from its dose form, such as a tablet or capsule, into a form the body can use?

A) metabolism
B) excretion
C) elimination
D) absorption
E) administration

56) The process by which drug molecules are transformed into simpler products is called __________.

A) metabolism
B) absorption
C) distribution
D) excretion
E) administration

57) How the body absorbs, metabolizes, distributes, and excretes a drug is __________.

A) pharmacokinetics
B) pharmacodynamics
C) pharmacognosy
D) pharmacotherapeutics
E) toxicology

58) Drugs injected intradermally or transdermally are absorbed through the __________.

A) stomach or intestines
B) skin
C) muscle
D) vein
E) mucous membranes

59) Drugs that are administered intramuscularly are absorbed through the __________.

A) skin
B) muscle
C) stomach
D) intestine
E) mucous membranes

60) Most drugs are metabolized in the __________.

A) brain
B) muscles
C) nerve cells
D) stomach
E) liver

61) Which of the following is the process of transporting a drug from its administration site to its site of action?

A) metabolism
B) distribution
C) absorption
D) excretion
E) administration

62) Which of the following describes the manner in which a drug is eliminated from the body?

A) distribution
B) metabolism
C) absorption
D) excretion
E) administration

63) Which area of pharmacology also is called clinical pharmacology?

A) pharmacognosy
B) pharmacodynamics
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacotherapeutics
E) toxicology

64) Which of the following is considered a drug's official name?

A) generic name
B) trade name
C) international nonproprietary name
D) chemical name
E) brand name

65) The trade name of a drug also is known as the __________.

A) chemical name
B) brand or proprietary name
C) generic name
D) international nonproprietary name

66) Which of the following pertains to the length of time between dosing and the availability of a drug in the bloodstream?

A) absorption
B) excretion
C) metabolism
D) distribution
E) administration

67) Which drug name is selected by its manufacturer, is protected by copyright, and is the property of the manufacturer?

A) trade name
B) generic name
C) chemical name
D) nonproprietary name
E) international nonproprietary name

68) When a manufacturer produces a new drug, no other manufacturer can make or sell the drug for __________ years.

A) 2
B) 8
C) 12
D) 17
E) 20

69) Which of the following is the purpose or reason for using a drug?

A) efficacy
B) dose
C) indication
D) labeling
E) contraindication

70) The category of pharmacologic activity for amoxicillin is __________.

A) vasodilator
B) antibiotic
C) antihistamine
D) diuretic
E) hemostatic

71) The category of pharmacologic activity for furosemide is __________.

A) analgesic
B) bronchodilator
C) hypnotic
D) diuretic
E) anticonvulsant

72) Examples of analgesics are __________.

A) Ceclor, E-Mycin, Pen Vee K, and Vancocin
B) Tylenol, aspirin, MS Contin, and Oxycontin
C) Chlor-Trimeton, Benadryl, Claritin, and Seldane
D) Advil, Naprosyn, Decadron, and Deltasone
E) Benzedrine, caffeine, and Neo-Synephrine

73) Which of the following is the action of an anesthetic?

A) It prevents the blood from clotting.
B) It relieves or controls seizures.
C) It neutralizes stomach acid.
D) It prevents the sensation of pain.
E) It relieves mild to severe pain.

74) Tums and Prevacid are examples of __________.

A) anticonvulsants
B) antacids
C) antipyretics
D) antibiotics
E) anticoagulants

75) Which drug category normalizes the heartbeat in certain cases of cardiac arrhythmias?

A) expectorant
B) anthelmintic
C) hemostatic
D) antiarrhythmic
E) anticoagulant

76) Which of the following drugs are examples of anticoagulants?

A) Lovenox, heparin sodium, and Coumadin
B) Afrin, Neo-Synephrine, and Sudafed
C) Proventil, Epinephrine Mist, and Isuprel
D) Kaopectate, Imodium, and Paregoric
E) Norpace, Inderal, and Rythmol

77) The action of an antacid is to __________.

A) block parasympathetic nerve impulses
B) kill, paralyze, or inhibit the growth of parasitic worms
C) neutralize the stomach acid
D) reduce blood pressure
E) normalize the heartbeat

78) The action of an analgesic is to __________.

A) relieve mild to severe pain
B) relieve diarrhea
C) reduce inflammation
D) relax skeletal muscles
E) relieve allergy symptoms

79) Which of the following is the action of a diuretic?

A) replaces a hormone deficiency
B) induces sleep or relaxation
C) increases urinary output and reduces blood pressure
D) relieves nasal swelling and congestion
E) relaxes skeletal muscles

80) Which of the following is the action of an antiemetic?

A) counteracts the effects of histamine
B) controls psychotic symptoms
C) prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting
D) inhibits the growth of microorganisms
E) induces defecation

81) A drug is prescribed to prevent a disease or condition, as with immunizations or birth control drugs, in which of the following types of drug therapies?

A) supportive
B) prophylactic
C) empiric
D) maintenance
E) palliative

82) A drug is prescribed to improve a life-threatening or serious condition, as with epinephrine for severe allergic reaction, in which type of drug therapy?

A) supplemental
B) empiric
C) replacement
D) acute
E) palliative

83) Mr. Brennan is an 87-year-old patient who has stomach cancer that has metastasized (spread) to his liver and pancreas. The cancer is not considered curable, but he is in a considerable amount of pain. Which type of drug therapy would be considered for Mr. Brennan?

A) palliative
B) empiric
C) acute
D) maintenance
E) supportive

84) Which of the following presents information provided by pharmaceutical companies on more than 2500 prescription drugs?

A) Drug Evaluations
B) American Hospital Formulary Service
C) Physicians’ Desk Reference
D) United States Pharmacopeia/National Formulary
E) Epocrates

85) Which of the following is the official source of drug standards in the United States and is published every five years?

A) Drug Evaluations
B) United States Pharmacopeia/National Formulary
C) American Hospital Formulary Service
D) Physicians' Desk Reference
E) Epocrates

86) Which schedule of controlled substances contains drugs that have the highest abuse potential?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

87) Which schedule of controlled substances contains drugs that have a high potential for physical or psychological dependence, but do have therapeutic uses, for which they require prescriptions?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

88) Which of the following drugs are Schedule II substances?

A) heroin and marijuana
B) Didrex and Butisol
C) Talwin and Valium
D) Xanax and Librium
E) Demerol and morphine

89) Drugs that have the lowest abuse potential belong to which schedule of controlled substances?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

90) Which of the following drugs are Schedule III substances?

A) Valium, Talwin, and Ambien
B) Talbutal, Paregoric, and Tylenol 3
C) heroin, marijuana, and LSD
D) Demerol, morphine, and Seconal
E) Lomotil, Kaolin, and Robitussin AC

91) Antitussives and antidiarrheals that contain small amounts of opioids, such as codeine, belong to which schedule of controlled substances?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

92) Which part of a prescription includes the name of the drug and the amount?

A) Inscription
B) Signa
C) Subscription
D) Transcription
E) Prescriber information

93) Which part of the prescription contains patient instructions?

A) Inscription
B) Transcription
C) Subscription
D) Medication prescribed
E) Patient information

94) Tomas is an overweight, 46-year-old patient who has just been diagnosed with high blood pressure. In addition to providing Tomas with educational material about diet and weight loss, which of the following categories of drugs might the physician prescribe for Tomas?

A) antihypertensive
B) diuretic
C) antipyretic
D) hemostatic
E) stimulant

95) The action of antihypertensive drugs is to __________.

A) reduce blood pressure
B) kill or inhibit the growth of fungi
C) reduce inflammation
D) reduce fever
E) block parasympathetic nerve impulses

96) Johnny is a 9-year-old patient who has an upper respiratory infection. He is coughing, sneezing, and has a temperature of 102.4°F. One of the medications the physician suggested for Johnny is over-the-counter Children's Benadryl. To what category does Benadryl belong, and which symptoms will it ease?

A) antitussive; inhibits the cough reflex
B) cathartic; induces defecation
C) antipyretic; reduces fever
D) expectorant; liquefies mucus in the bronchi.
E) antihistamine; relieves sneezing

97) Serena is a 26-year-old patient who has been suffering migraine headaches so severe that she has had to miss a substantial amount of work lately. Missing work has increased her stress level, which makes the migraines occur even more frequently. She explains that she would rather suffer the pain than take medication for the migraines, because the medications make her groggy and really do not do much for the pain anyway. Which of the following nonpharmacologic pain management techniques might Serena consider?

A) massage therapy
B) chiropractic adjustment
C) yoga
D) hypnotism
E) glucosamine chondroitin

98) Arlene needs to have a cyst removed from her left ovary. The physician explains that general anesthesia is usually used, but Arlene is afraid. Her sister once had a bad reaction to an anesthetic, and Arlene thinks the same thing could happen to her. Which of the following nonpharmacologic methods of pain management might be used for her surgery?

A) hypnotism
B) massage therapy
C) acupuncture
D) meditation
E) magnetic therapy

99) Examples of drugs that belong to the drug category of cathartics are __________.

A) Benadryl and Claritin
B) Dulcolax and Milk of Magnesia
C) Mellaril and Haldol
D) Decadron, Deltasone, and Naprosyn
E) Cartia XL, Prinivil, and Toprol

100) Which drugs belong to the drug category of diuretics?

A) Compazine, Dramamine, and Tigan
B) Tenormin, Cardura, and Aldomet
C) Bumex, Lasix, and mannitol
D) Afrin, Neo-Synephrine, and Sudafed
E) Dulcolax and Peri-Colace

101) Which of the following is not a reason a patient may complain that a newly prescribed drug is not doing what the physician told her it would?

A) The dosage may need to be changed.
B) The patient is not taking the medication as prescribed.
C) The drug has reached therapeutic level.
D) The wrong drug was dispensed.
E) The drug is working, but the patient does not understand how it works.

102) Which of the following approves and regulates the manufacture and distribution of drugs?

A) OSHA
B) PDR
C) USDA
D) FDA
E) CDC

103) As of June 2015, medications for drug use in pregnancy are typically in which of the following categories?

A) Category A
B) Category B
C) Females and Males of Reproductive Potential
D) Category D
E) Category X

104) Which of the following is the proper way to dispose of outdated, noncontrolled drugs?

A) use a disposal company that destroys biohazardous waste
B) complete DEA Form 41 and contact the DEA for instructions
C) throw them in the trash
D) flush them down the toilet
E) give them back to the pharmaceutical representative

105) A physician __________ a drug either by giving a patient a prescription to be filled by a pharmacy or by sending the order directly to the pharmacy through an electronic system.

A) administers
B) prescribes
C) dispenses
D) recommends
E) orders