Chapter 17 Test Items

1. Carlos is comparing four groups (1, 2, 3, 4. on their levels of communication apprehension. Which is the most parsimonious null hypothesis?

a. H₀: μ1 = μ2

H₀: μ2 = μ3

H₀: μ3 = μ4

H₀: μ1 = μ4

b. H0: μ1 = μ2 = μ3 = μ4

c. H₀: μ1 ≠ μ2

H₀: μ2 ≠ μ3

H₀: μ3 ≠ μ4

H₀: μ1 ≠ μ4

d. H₀: μ1 ≠ μ2 ≠ μ3 ≠ μ4

2. Benji has been working on a one-way ANOVA by hand. He is comparing three groups and 22 participants. He has found that his MSbetween = 17 and MSwithin = 3. Which of the following is the correct APA write-up?

a. F(3, 22) = 5.67, p < .01

b. F(2, 19) = 5.67, p < .0005

c. F(3, 22) = 5.67, p < .05

d. F(2, 19) = 5.67, p < .05

3. IF MSbetween is equal to 10 and the MSwithin is equal to 5, what is your F value?

a. 2

b. 50

c. 1/5

d. 10.5

4. Which of the following post hoc tests is considered the most conservative?

a. Fisher’s least significant difference

b. Scheffé

c. Tukey’s honestly significance difference test

d. Student Newman-Keuls

5. Which of the following effect sizes would be considered a medium effect for eta-square (η2.

in a one-way ANOVA?

a. .80

b. .50

c. .06

d. .01

6. The one-way analysis of variance is part of which family of statistical tests?

a. general linear model family

b. general variance model family

c. general differences model family

d. general ANOVA model family

7. Which of the following is NOT an underlying assumption of the one-way ANOVA?

a. The independent variable must be a nominal variable.

b. The dependent variable must be an ordinal variable.

c. The dependent variable should be normally distributed in the independent variable levels.

d. The participants contributing data should represent a random sample drawn from the population of interest.

8. In a one-way ANOVA statistical test, if the effect size for difference (eta square) = .01, what type of effect size is indicated?

a. small effect size

b. moderate effect size

c. medium effect size

d. large effect size

9. Which of the following post hoc tests for a one-way ANOVA includes the greatest chance for

Type I error?

a. Fisher’s least significant difference

b. Scheffé

c. Tukey’s honestly significance difference test

d. Student Newman-Keuls

10. Which of the following post hoc tests for a one-way ANOVA is a step-wise test for ordered means where the alpha level depends upon the number of “steps apart” each of the means are from each other?

a. Fisher’s least significant difference

b. Scheffé

c. Tukey’s honestly significance difference test

d. Student Newman-Keuls

For questions 11 to 16, you first must calculate a one-way ANOVA. A researcher wanted to examine differences between people from Iran, China, and Great Brittan and their levels of pop-culture knowledge (on a 10-item test).

Iran 1: 1

Iran 2: 2

Iran 3: 1

Iran 4: 3

China 1: 3

China 2: 4

China 3: 4

China 4: 9

Great Brittan 1: 7

Great Brittan 2: 9

Great Brittan 3: 9

Great Brittan 4: 10

11. In the one-way ANOVA presented, what were the degrees of freedom?

a. (2, 9)

b. (9, 11)

c. (2, 11)

d. (4, 12)

12. In the one-way ANOVA presented, what was the N?

a. 12

b. 4

c. 9

d. 11

13.. In the one-way ANOVA presented in this quiz, what is the calculated value for the one-way ANOVA?

a. 14.97

b. 49.08

c. 8.28

d. 5.21

14. In the one-way ANOVA presented, what was the calculated p value for the one-way ANOVA?

a. p < .001

b. p = .00

c. p > .05

d. p < .0005

15. In the one-way ANOVA presented, which of the following statements is correct?

a. The one-way ANOVA was statistically significant.

b. The one-way ANOVA was not statistically significant.

c. The one-way ANOVA reported a large effect size.

d. The one-way ANOVA reported a small effect size.

16. In the one-way ANOVA presented, which of the following is the correct APA write-up?

a. F(2, 9) = 14.97, p < .005

b. F(9, 11) = 14.97, p < .005

c. F(2, 9) = 14.97, p > .005

d. F(9, 11) = 14.97, p > .005

17. If a researcher had a mean square between of 10 and a mean square within of 2, what would the F value for the test be?

a. 5

b. 20

c. 12

d. 8

18. What combination of variables do you need to have to calculate a one-way ANOVA?

a. nominal, interval/ratio

b. ordinal, interval/interval ratio

c. nominal, ordinal

d. nominal, nominal

19. If a one-way ANOVA is statistically significant and you calculate a post hoc analysis, which of the following is the most conservative?

a. Scheffé

b. Fisher’s least significant difference

c. Tukey’s honestly significance difference

d. Student Newman-Keuls

20. Julian is in the process of calculating a one-way ANOVA. After finding out that his one-way ANOVA was statistically significant, he conducts an effect size test. The calculated value he receives is .18. How would you interpret the effect size?

a. large effect size

b. small effect size

c. medium effect size

d. enormous effect size

21. The sum of squares between (SSB) measures two different phenomena.

a. True

b. False

22. If the nominal variable being used as the independent variable has more than two groups, we can use a one-way ANOVA to compare two groups directly to one another.

a. True

b. False

23. The one-way ANOVA allows researchers to compare two or more groups on an interval variable using one test.

a. True

b. False

24. The Student Newman-Keuls test is very useful for pairwise comparisons.

a. True

b. False

25. In a one-way ANOVA statistical test, a group is considered independent when one participant’s place on one of the groups being tested does not influence anyone else’s placement within that group or another group.

a. True

b. False

26. When conducting an ANOVA, the independent variable must be an interval/ratio variable.

a. True

b. False

27. When conducting an ANOVA, the dependent variable must be a nominal variable.

a. True

b. False

Essays:

28. Explain the purposes of a one-way ANOVA.

29. Explain the underlying assumptions of the one-way ANOVA.

30. Explain the four most common post hoc tests for a one-way ANOVA.

31. Interpret the ANOVA results that are provided below. In this study, researchers examined for possible differences in social media use based on an individual’s political affiliation (Democrat, Republican, Green Party, Libertarian, and Other).

Matching:

32. Match each of the following terms with the correct statement.

a. Sum of Squares Between = Measures the differences between the groups that have been caused by the treatment effects.

b. General Linear Model = Analysis of variance is a member of this family of analysis.

c. Sum of Squares Within = Examines the differences between individual scores in a treatment group