Chapter 17: Corrections in the 21st Century

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Punitive sentiments have led to an increase in the use of ______.

a. all forms of corrections

b. community corrections

c. treatment programs

d. none of these

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which correctional population quadrupled between the 1980s and the mid-2000s?

a. probation

b. parole

c. jail

d. prison

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. In 2014, the incarceration rate for jails in the United States was ______.

a. higher than it was for prisons

b. lower than it was for prisons

c. equal to that of prisons

d. impossible to measure

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The United States has an incarceration rate ______ greater than Japan’s incarceration rate.

a. 2 times

b. 5 times

c. 10 times

d. 14 times

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Which of the following is NOT one of the punitive policies that have yielded an overuse of corrections?

a. the war on drugs

b. rehabilitation

c. mandatory sentencing

d. supermax prisons

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. In regard to corrections, this oft-cited truism is often used.

a. “If you build it, they will come.”

b. “No crime is good crime.”

c. “Those who do not know their history are likely to repeat it.”

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. One possible reason sentence lengths have decreased at the same time that more punitive policies have been put into place is that ______.

a. it is an unintended consequence of the overuse of incarceration

b. rehabilitation has not been effective

c. restorative justice has not been effective

d. people are being sentenced for lesser crimes than before

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. ______ most closely approximates the United States in terms of its incarceration rate.

a. Japan

b. The United Kingdom

c. Russia

d. Germany

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Which of the following statements best captures the relationship between punitive policies and sentencing length?

a. Punitive policies have an increased sentence length.

b. Punitive policies have a decreased sentence length.

c. Punitive policies have not had any impact on sentence length.

d. Not enough data are available to determine a relationship.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The proportion of women to men or racial/ethnic minorities to whites under correctional supervision remained stable until ______.

a. the introduction of the war on drugs

b. inmates became more recalcitrant

c. the population exploded with the baby boomers

d. none of these

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The advent and increased use of ______ have caused the management of inmates to shift to warehousing.

a. the war on drugs

b. mandatory sentencing

c. indeterminate sentences

d. supermax prisons

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. By the end of 2009, the imprisonment rate in the United States was approximately ______ per 100,000 residents.

a. 250

b. 500

c. 750

d. 1,000

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Between 1980 and 2013, the imprisonment rate (just for prisons) in the United States ______.

a. decreased by 75%

b. remained stable

c. increased approximately 200%

d. increased approximately 500%

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Since 1980, the rate of people incarcerated in America’s jails ______.

a. decreased by half

b. remained the same

c. quadrupled

d. increased tenfold

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Since 1980, the number of Americans on probation ______.

a. increased by just less than 100%

b. increased more than 300%

c. remained stable

d. decreased slightly

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. The incarceration rate in the United States is higher than that of ______.

a. France

b. Japan

c. Saudi Arabia

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Between 1992 and 2009, the average length of sentences given by state courts ______.

a. increased

b. decreased

c. remained stable

d. has not been studied

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Due to the current punitive policies in corrections, which philosophy of punishment has fallen out of favor?

a. deterrence

b. incapacitation

c. rehabilitation

d. retribution

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. High turnover is evident among correctional personnel because ______.

a. training is too rigorous

b. pay is insufficient

c. officers do not feel challenged in their professions

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. The greatest expense for any public service organization is ______.

a. the staff

b. the physical structure that houses the organization

c. the programming

d. the care of inmates

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. What is the double-edged sword in relationships, according to Goleman?

a. Forming them is difficult, so individuals are unlikely to exert the effort, and yet a lack of relationships is causally related to mental illness.

b. Positive relationships enhance health, whereas negative relationships produce adverse effects on mental health.

c. All relationships will inevitably reach a stage of conflict, so individuals must be prepared to deal with conflict when they enter into a relationship.

d. none of these

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. What can reduce some of the negative emotions associated with working in corrections?

a. democratization of the workplace

b. privatization of prisons

c. prisonization of offenders

d. incapacitation of offenders

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. What can be attributed to the recent decline in the use of incarceration?

a. a decline in crime

b. the waning effect of the war on drugs

c. reduced state populations

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. According to West et al. (2010), about ______ of the increase in states’ use of prison was due to the increased imprisonment of violent offenders.

a. 22%

b. 34%

c. 60%

d. 72%

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Saylor and Iwaszko (2009) acknowledge that the huge incarceration increase over the last 20 years was likely responsible for ______ of the decrease in violent crime since the mid-1990s.

a. 10–35%

b. 20–34%

c. 45–57%

d. 34–67%

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Mass decarceration can bring all of the following positive outcomes EXCEPT______

a. a greater sense of justice

b. less crime to our communities

c. fewer tax dollars devoted to corrections

d. a reduction in correctional industry growth

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. Money saved through decarceration can be put toward ______.

a. reentry programs

b. work and training programs

c. expansion of drug and alcohol programs in communities

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. As we look toward the future, one concern that should preoccupy those concerned about correctional practice is ______.

a. decarceration

b. rising incarceration rates

c. professionalism

d. better training for staff

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. What are the two types of intelligence identified by Goleman (2006)?

a. emotional and social

b. physical and social

c. emotional and physical

d. personal and social

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. A collateral expense for correctional institutions and programs is the care of their ______.

a. staff

b. facilities

c. inmates/clients

d. administration

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Which of the following states did NOT experience a discernible trend in declines of incarceration rates over the last decade?

a. New York

b. California

c. New Jersey

d. Maryland

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. Porter (2011) notes that developing alternatives to incarceration contributed to a ______ drop in incarceration from 1999 to 2009.

a. 20%

b. 30%

c. 40%

d. negligible

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. In recent years, the proportion of the correctional population on community supervision has ______.

a. increased

b. decreased

c. remained constant

d. increased but then decreased

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. Which of the following states has NOT legalized recreational marijuana?

a. Oregon

b. Nevada

c. Michigan

d. Maine

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. Which of the following states has legalized recreational marijuana?

a. Alaska

b. Hawaii

c. Connecticut

d. New York

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. Currently, the most common type of inmate in state prisons is a ______ offender.

a. sex

b. property

c. drug

d. violent

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. Since 2010, the number of parole violators returned to state prison has ______.

a. increased

b. decreased

c. remained stable

d. increased, then decreased

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Experts attribute the decrease in the violent crime rate during the 1990s to ______.

a. gun control laws

b. the huge incarceration increase

c. the war on drugs

d. a decrease in the birth rate in the 1970s

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. Which state closed three prisons between 2010 and 2014 to invest the savings into treatment programs?

a. Washington

b. Mississippi

c. Texas

d. Louisiana

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. The negative outcomes of decarceration include ______.

a. more low-level crime

b. a loss of correctional jobs

c. increased substance abuse by ex-inmates

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. The movement in correction based on retribution in sentences has been called ______.

a. correctional abuse

b. penal harm

c. retributive revenge

d. getting tough on crime

Learning Objective: 17-3: Understand why we might be entering an age of penal help and exiting a period of penal harm.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

42. A movement that includes reducing harsh sentences and liberalizing marijuana laws is called ______.

a. democratic socialism

b. restorative justice

c. penal help

d. social justice activism

Learning Objective: 17-3: Understand why we might be entering an age of penal help and exiting a period of penal harm.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

43. Green prisons have been started in which of the following states?

a. Washington

b. Mississippi

c. Texas

d. Louisiana

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

44. Privatization in corrections is ______ phenomenon.

a. a costly

b. not a new

c. a waning

d. a disastrous

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

45. Welch (2005) argues that corrections has become a ______, which is an enterprise for state legislatures, governors, and city and town leaders who receive contributions from prison/jail contractors.

a. prison military complex

b. military industrial complex

c. corrections industrial complex

d. complex industry

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. In a study of private prisons by Camp and Gaes (2002), it was found that the private sector experienced significant problems with ______.

a. staff turnover

b. escapes

c. drug use

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

47. ______ in corrections occurs when services are provided by or whole correctional institutions are operated by private businesses or corporations.

a. Privatization

b. A corrections industrial complex

c. Penal harm

d. Penal help

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

48. The largest private prison company is ______.

a. Blackwater Group

b. American Correctional Association

c. Corrections Corporation of America

d. Private Prisons Inc.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

49. The largest juvenile prison in the country is in ______.

a. Washington

b. Mississippi

c. Texas

d. Louisiana

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

50. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?

a. Much progress is being made in refining how we handle correctional practice and programming.

b. Jails may not be the best places for people who are mentally ill or detoxing from drugs and alcohol.

c. There is much more programming for those incarcerated in prisons than there was ten years ago.

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Concluding Thoughts

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Punitive policies vastly increase the use of all forms of corrections.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. We have proportionately more crimes these days than at any other period in our history.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The number of offenders sentenced to prison more than quadrupled from 1980 to 2009.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Our use of corrections is greatly in sync with what most other countries are doing.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Russia is the only other developed nation whose incarceration rate is close to that of the United States.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. It is clear why sentencing length has decreased at the same time that more punitive policies have been put into place.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The war on drugs has helped increase the rates of female and racial and ethnic minority population imprisonment.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. The creation of supermax prisons has led to a decrease in the warehousing of prisoners.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. One outcome of punitive policies has been an increase in rehabilitation programs.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Courts are forced to adjust their sentences to the lower relative capacity of prisons, and parole boards are pressured to release inmates as prisons and jails fill up.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The United States has a higher imprisonment rate than Saudi Arabia.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Eight states have legalized the recreational use of marijuana.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Since 2010, the number of parole violators returned to prison has increased.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Between 1992 and 2009, the length of the average prison sentence given by state courts increased.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The effort to professionalize corrections has yielded consistent fruit.

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Over the last decade, not all states have experienced increases in their incarceration rates.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. One explanation for the decline in incarceration rates is reduced state populations.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. The more we incarcerate, the less we achieve the ideal of incarcerating the most serious repeat offenders.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. The recent Sentencing Project Report has indicated that state legislatures in at least 23 states and the District of Columbia have adopted 35 criminal justice policies that may contribute to reductions in prison populations.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Mass decarceration can be seen as keeping violent inmates in prison for longer periods of time.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Goleman (2006) identified three types of intelligence.

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Hiring and keeping a professional staff are keys to moving correctional institutions into the 21st century.

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Little supervision of inmates was not a crux of a problem at Walnut Grove.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. Private prisons have been plagued by problems such as escapes and corruption.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. The corrections industrial complex is similar to what President Eisenhower warned the nation about when discussing the development of military industrial complexes.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Explain the general trend in the rates of crime over the past decade and their significance.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Identify and explain the two types of intelligence as identified by Goleman (2006). Discuss their significance for corrections.

Learning Objective: 17-4: Evaluate the value of relationships and innovation in corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Discuss what is meant by the term corrections–industrial complex.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What is the penal harm movement? Provide a relevant example for corrections.

Learning Objective: 17-3: Understand why we might be entering an age of penal help and exiting a period of penal harm.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. What is the penal help movement? Provide a relevant example for corrections.

Learning Objective: 17-3: Understand why we might be entering an age of penal help and exiting a period of penal harm.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Discuss the major problems associated with the Corrections Corporation of America’s Idaho state contract.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Discuss where you think the field of corrections will be in 50 years.

Learning Objective: 17-3: Understand why we might be entering an age of penal help and exiting a period of penal harm.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Entire Chapter

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Do you agree with where corrections is today? What would you change about the current corrections field?

Learning Objective:17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Entire Chapter

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Do you agree or disagree with the privatization of prison systems? Use information from the book to support your answer.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. What do you think is the most crucial issue that affects corrections in the 21st century?

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Entire Chapter

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Discuss the benefits and possible positive outcomes of mass decarceration. Provide examples.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Discuss the possible negative outcomes of mass decarceration. Provide examples.

Learning Objective: 17-2: Describe what decarceration is and what is causing it.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decarceration

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. What do you believe will be the biggest debate in corrections in the future? Explain why you believe this is the case.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Entire Chapter

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Discuss how the rate of incarceration in the United States compares to those of comparison countries.

Learning Objective: 17-1: Identify the connection between punitive policies and the overuse of corrections.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Discuss how you would fix the challenges facing private prisons.

Learning Objective: 17-5: Discuss the potential problems with privatization.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Privatization

Difficulty Level: Medium