Verified Test Bank Aristotle Reason And Nature Vaughn Ch.5

Chapter 5: Aristotle: Reason and Nature

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 01

1) Aristotle was a student of __________.

a. Socrates

b. Plato

c. Alexander the Great

d. Diogenes

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 02

2) Aristotle is credited with inventing __________.

a. geometry

b. the scientific method

c. empiricism

d. formal logic

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 03

3) According to Aristotle, __________ gives us the raw materials for knowledge.

a. sensation

b. reason

c. logic

d. seeing

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 04

4) The heart of Aristotle’s logical system is the __________.

a. diagram

b. deduction

c. syllogism

d. term

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 05

5) For Aristotle, scientific knowledge is not so much knowing that something __________ but __________.

a. exists; where it exists

b. is true; why it is true

c. is good; when it is good

d. is rational; why it is rational

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 06

6) Aristotle insists that all the statements in his syllogism be __________.

a. necessarily true

b. probably true

c. necessarily false

d. probably false

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 07

7) Aristotle calls a proof a demonstration when __________ and the conclusion follows deductively.

a. the premises are likely true

b. the premises are themselves demonstrable

c. at least one of the premises is true

d. both the premises are true

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 08

8) According to Aristotle, “What is being?” is the most important question of __________.

a. epistemology

b. metaphysics

c. logic

d. science

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 09

9) According to Aristotle, __________ is the answer to the question, “What is being?”

a. form

b. fatter

c. cause

d. substance

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 10

10) In Aristotle’s terminology, __________ refers to the shape, pattern, or function of material stuff.

a. telos

b. substance

c. form

d. essence

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 11

11) Aristotle asserts that substance consists of form plus __________ and __________.

a. matter; essence

b. pattern; function

c. telos; shape

d. extension; duration

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 12

12) Propositions state something about a __________.

a. verb

b. predicate

c. subject

d. class of things

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 13

13) Aristotle presents __________ cause(s).

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. four

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 14

14) That which initiates or is the source of a change is called the __________ cause.

a. formal

b. final

c. efficient

d. material

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 15

15) The __________ cause explains why something is the way it is by citing the structure and properties that make it when it is.

a. formal

b. final

c. efficient

d. material

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 16

16) The __________ cause tells us “that for the sake of which” something is.

a. formal

b. final

c. efficient

d. material

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 17

17) Aristotle rejects the view that every natural event happens by chance and without a __________.

a. divine plan

b. divine intervention

c. divine guidance

d. purpose

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 18

18) Aristotle argues that, since the beneficial functions of an animal’s physical features arise with regularity, not randomly, the __________ view of nature is false.

a. deterministic

b. mechanistic

c. providential

d. evolutionary

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 19

19) For Aristotle, the primary explanation of the development of all living things is __________.

a. teleological

b. providential

c. mechanical

d. biological

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 20

20) Aristotle distinguishes between instrumental and __________ goods.

a. mechanistic

b. intrinsic

c. providential

d. deterministic

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 21

21) According to Aristotle, virtue is a disposition to behave in line with __________.

a. moral law

b. a standard of excellence

c. accepted religious norms

d. existing law

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 22

22) __________ goods are what all our actions ultimately point toward.

a. Instrumental

b. Purposeful

c. Intrinsic

d. Mechanistic

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 23

23) Aristotle thinks __________ is the highest good for a human being.

a. virtue

b. family

c. power

d. happiness

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 24

24) __________ is, Aristotle tells us, “something complete and self-sufficient.”

a. Virtue

b. Family

c. Power

d. Happiness

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 25

25) Aristotle tells us that __________ is an “activity of soul in conformity with excellence.”

a. truth telling

b. the human good

c. right action

d. good choice

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 26

26) According to Aristotle, a virtue is a(n) __________ between two corresponding __________.

a. mean; extremes

b. extreme; means

c. obstacle; goals

d. goal; obstacles

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 27

27) Aristotle distinguishes between a(n) __________ and functioning well.

a. mean

b. function

c. extreme

d. good

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 28

28) According to Aristotle, courage is __________.

a. to be desired at all costs

b. the primary virtue

c. the goal of morality

d. a mean between extremes

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 29

29) Aristotle argues that the good life is lived according to __________ .

a. the light of reason

b. the wisdom of the senses

c. devout faith

d. a strict set of moral rules

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 05 Question 30

30) To say that nature is teleological is to say it is directed __________.

a. toward its past

b. outward

c. inward

d. toward a goal or objective

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 31

31) According to Aristotle, the highest good for human beings is pleasure and the absence of pain.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 32

32) Aristotle says that virtue is a mean lying between two vices.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 33

33) Aristotle claims that studying philosophy is alone sufficient to make one virtuous.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 34

34) According to Aristotle, the objects around us are insubstantial, fleeting amalgams of atoms.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 35

35) Aristotle thinks that the final cause of something is the material out of which it is made.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 36

36) One way Aristotle accounts for change is in terms of causes.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 37

37) The words that name classes, or categories, of things are called names.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 38

38) The heart of Aristotle’s logical system is the syllogism.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 39

39) According to Aristotle, the final cause of everything is the Unmoved Mover.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 40

40) Aristotle thinks that reason unaided by sensation is what yields knowledge.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 41

41) Aristotle’s logical system is built out of classes of things and their relations.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 42

42) Aristotle rejects Plato’s view that reality is objective and knowledge is possible.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 43

43) According to Aristotle, every natural event happens by chance and without purpose.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 44

44) That for which a thing is, is called the final cause.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 46

46) The words that name classes, or categories, of things are called terms.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 47

47) Aristotle wrote treatises on zoology, music, mathematics, law, and many other topics in addition to his philosophical works.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 48

48) According to Aristotle, we always desire happiness for its own sake.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 49

49) Virtues are physical conditions.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 05 Question 50

50) Aristotle believes that moral virtues can best be acquired through practice and habit.

a. True

b. False