The Criminal Justice System In Texas Full Test Bank Ch.12

Chapter 12

The Criminal Justice System in Texas

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. In Texas as elsewhere, the criminal justice system should serve three broad purposes such as:

a. rehabilitation, deterrence, and punishment.

b. punishment, deterrence, and redemption.

c. redemption, punishment, and rehabilitation.

d. rehabilitation, reconciliation, and retribution.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Elements of the Criminal Justice System

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. How many law enforcement personnel does Texas have per Citizen?
   1. 1 officer for every 100 residents
   2. 1 officer for every 1000 residents
   3. 1 officer for every 400 residents
   4. 1 officer for every 4000 residents

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Law Enforcement and Policing

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which of the following is NOT a division of the Texas Department of Public Safety?
   1. The Texas Highway Patrol
   2. The Public Safety Commission
   3. The Driver License Division
   4. The Texas Rangers

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Law Enforcement and Policing

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. In what manner are county Sheriff’s chosen for service?
   1. Elected by county voters for a four-year term
   2. Elected by county voters for an eight-year term
   3. Appointed by state officials for a four-year term
   4. Appointed by county officials for a two-year term

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Law Enforcement and Policing

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. A “system of prohibitions, penalties, and correctional measures to deal with conduct that unjustifiably and inexcusably causes or threatens harm to those individual or public interests for which state protection is appropriate” describes:
   1. Texas Civil Law
   2. Texas Penal Code
   3. Texas Code of Criminal Procedures
   4. Texas Code of Conduct

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. What describes the rules associated with the criminal justice process in Texas?
   1. Texas Civil Law
   2. Texas Penal Code
   3. Texas Code of Criminal Procedures
   4. Texas Code of Conduct

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. The Texas ______ grades criminal offenses based on severity.
   1. Code of Criminal Procedure
   2. Penal Code
   3. Constitution
   4. Civil Law Code

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Applying stricter sentences to those defendants who have been convicted previously is called:
   1. Enhanced punishment
   2. Recidivism
   3. Second-degree felony
   4. Retribution

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Enhanced punishments are intended to:
   1. Help rehabilitate rather than imprison offenders
   2. Curb excessive or disproportionate sentencing
   3. Discourage recidivism
   4. Encourage plea bargains

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. The vast majority of crime in Texas involves:
   1. Firearms
   2. Violence
   3. Sexual acts
   4. Property

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which of the following types of crime is most common in Texas?
   1. Burglary
   2. Arson
   3. Murder
   4. Assault

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. When the incarceration rate is adjusted for the violent crime rate, Texas’s “residuals” rank

a. ties for fourth with Alabama.

b. is below the national average.

c. is above the national average.

d. is well below the national average.

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Compared to 2013, the crime rate in Texas in 2014 was
   1. much higher.
   2. basically the same.
   3. about half.
   4. somewhat lower.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Civil law has to do with:
   1. Rules of behavior
   2. Basic kindness requirements
   3. Private financial matters
   4. Property crimes

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. If a person sues Starbucks because she was burned by its hot coffee, this is an example of:
   1. Family law
   2. Tort law
   3. Contract law
   4. Property law

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Fill in the blanks: ______ courts determine whether a person is guilty, and ______ courts determine if the victims are entitled to damages.
   1. Criminal; civil
   2. Civil; appeals
   3. Criminal; appeals
   4. Appeals; civil

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which burden of proof is used in civil matters?
   1. “Beyond a reasonable doubt”
   2. “Preponderance of evidence”
   3. “Clear and present danger”
   4. “The average person”

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which burden of proof is used in criminal matters?
   1. “Beyond a reasonable doubt”
   2. “Preponderance of evidence”
   3. “Clear and present danger”
   4. “The average person”

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. In criminal cases, the state is required to share with the defense any information or evidence that could assist the accused. This is called:
   1. Public evidence
   2. Revealed evidence
   3. Exculpatory evidence
   4. Explanatory evidence

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Texas’s incarceration rate is
   1. lower than most other states.
   2. higher than most states.
   3. the highest in the country.
   4. below average.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Criminal Law and Civil Law

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which state has the lowest incarceration rate?

a. Texas

b. California

c. Massachusetts

d. Maine

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Justice Policy

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. How can Texas’s prioritization of drug crimes be characterized?
   1. Police departments in Texas do not prioritize drug crimes
   2. Police departments in Texas prioritize drug crimes
   3. Because medical marijuana is legal, drug crimes are a low priority
   4. Drug crimes are less important in Texas than in other states

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Justice Policy

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Criminal justice reforms such as drug courts and closing prisons may appeal to some conservatives because:
   1. These reforms are broadly supported by religious groups
   2. Conservatives count on the votes of those most likely to abuse drugs
   3. Conservatives see it as a first step to abolishing the death penalty
   4. These reforms can save the state money

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Criminal Justice Policy

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. What is the “age of majority” in Texas with regard to civil and criminal responsibility before the law?
   1. 16
   2. 17
   3. 18
   4. 21

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Persons under the age of 18 who commit crimes:
   1. Are subject to the same procedures are sentences as adults
   2. Are not protected by the Bill of Rights
   3. Cannot be sentenced to death or life in prison
   4. Cannot be tried as adults

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. This refers to the inherent power of the state to protect persons legally incapable of protecting themselves:
   1. in loco parentis
   2. stare parentis
   3. parens patriae
   4. pater familias

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. In which case was it argued that the Texas Youth Council violated the 8^th Amendment’s prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment?
   1. Morales v. Truman
   2. Mountain View v. Texas
   3. Miller v. Alabama
   4. Roper v. Simmons

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. What institution replaced the Texas Youth Council and Texas Youth Commission?
   1. Texas Juvenile Probation Commission
   2. Texas Juvenile Justice League
   3. Youth Corrections Agency
   4. Texas Juvenile Justice Department

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Under the new Juvenile Justice Code, what is the primary goal?
   1. Punishment
   2. Rehabilitation
   3. Indoctrination
   4. Deterrence

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Children under what age cannot be prosecuted for a crime in Texas?
   1. 17
   2. 12
   3. 13
   4. 10

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which Supreme Court decision barred the death sentence for juveniles?
   1. Morales v. Truman
   2. Mountain View v. Texas
   3. Miller v. Alabama
   4. Roper v. Simmons

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which Supreme Court decision declared “life without parole” cruel and unusual punishment for juveniles?
   1. Morales v. Truman
   2. Mountain View v. Texas
   3. Miller v. Alabama
   4. Roper v. Simmons

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which of the following juvenile individuals is most likely to be placed in custody of the Texas Juvenile Justice Department?
   1. A white male
   2. An ethnic minority female
   3. An ethnic minority male
   4. A white female

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Juvenile Justice

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. About how many inmates, parolees, and individuals on community supervision are supervised by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice?
   1. About 250,000
   2. More than 1 million
   3. Just under 750,000
   4. Just over 500,000

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

Table 12.3 - 2014 Incarceration Rate per 100,000 Residents by State (Top 10 States)

Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2014 (http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/p14.pdf.) Table 6.

1. According to Table 12.3, which state has the highest rate of incarceration?
   1. Missouri
   2. Louisiana
   3. Alabama
   4. Texas

Bloom’s: Application

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

Table 12.3 - 2014 Incarceration Rate per 100,000 Residents by State (Top 10 States)

Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2014 (http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/p14.pdf.) Table 6.

1. According to Table 12.3, what region of the country has the highest incarceration rates?
   1. The Pacific West
   2. The Northeast
   3. New England
   4. The South

Bloom’s: Application

Difficulty: 2

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Texas must maintain enough space for its prison population because courts have ruled that overcrowding:
   1. Infringes on the right to a speedy trial
   2. Does not adequately protect prisoners from possible self-incrimination
   3. Does not provide enough protection from unlawful search and seizure
   4. Constitutes cruel and unusual punishment

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

Table 12.4 - Daily Cost per Person for Various Correctional Programs, 2014

1. Based on Table 12.4, which group is most likely associated with the greatest pressure to transition populations to other alternatives?
   1. Juveniles in state residential facilities
   2. Juveniles under probation supervision
   3. Adults in prison
   4. Adults under community supervision

Bloom’s: Application

Difficulty: 3

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. One strategy that Texas has used to alleviate prison populations is
   1. Decriminalizing some drugs
   2. Creating a new category of felony offenses
   3. Requiring rehabilitation programs
   4. Exporting prisoners to other countries

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 2

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Based on decisions the U.S. Department of Justice made in 2016, what are your expectations for the future of private prisons in the future?
   1. The number of private prisons will grow substantially
   2. The number of private prisons will stabilize or grow minimally
   3. The number of private prisons will shrink slightly
   4. The number of private prisons will decrease significantly

Bloom’s: Application

Difficulty: 3

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. What is one reason estimates of the cost of private prisons per inmate might not be accurate?
   1. Inmates must pay tuition, which is not calculated into the total cost
   2. Inmate medical care is paid for by the state of Texas
   3. While the facilities are privately run, employees are state employees
   4. Common estimates of the costs of private prison are, in fact, accurate.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. About how many deaths occurred between 2005 and 2015 in city and county jails in Texas?
   1. About 400
   2. Around 1,100
   3. Approximately 2,000
   4. Nearly 750

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. What link between education and recidivism was demonstrated in a 2014 Sam Houston State study?
   1. There was no difference in recidivism for those with or without college degrees
   2. Those participating in educational programs were more likely to reoffend
   3. Those participating in educational programs were half as likely to reoffend
   4. Those participating in educational programs were 50% more likely to reoffend.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 2

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. What U.S. Supreme Court case in 1972 outlawed the death penalty because it was unfairly applied to many crimes and because of the lack of safeguards in place in many states?

a. Furman v. Georgia

b. Lawrence v. Texas

c. Gregg v. Louisiana

d. Wilson v. Alabama

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which state leads the nation in the number of prisoners sentenced to death?

a. Louisiana

b. Florida

c. California

d. Texas

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which state leads the nation in the number of prisoners executed?

a. Louisiana

b. Florida

c. California

d. Texas

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Which state leads the nation in the number of death row inmates waiting to be executed?
   1. Louisiana
   2. Florida
   3. California
   4. Texas

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Texas has a relatively high execution rate despite the fact that:
   1. A majority of Texas citizens oppose the death penalty
   2. The governor often pardons those sentenced to die
   3. Texas has likely put innocent people to death
   4. The Supreme Court has banned capital punishment

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Difficulty: 3

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. In 2005, the Texas legislature passed a bill adding which change to the sentencing phase of capital cases?
   1. “life without parole”
   2. “death by firing squad”
   3. “death by lethal injection”
   4. “life in prison”

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. This is a temporary (30 day) stay of execution the governor of Texas may grant:
   1. Pardon
   2. Reprieve
   3. Commuted sentence
   4. Redaction

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. This is the granting of forgiveness by the state for a conviction:
   1. Pardon
   2. Reprieve
   3. Commuted sentence
   4. Redaction

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. This is the reduction in punishment for an individual convicted of a crime:
   1. Pardon
   2. Reprieve
   3. Commuted sentence
   4. Redaction

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Free or reduced-fee legal representation is known as

a. public defense.

b. pro bono.

c. the Texas Bar Association’s Lawyers Giving Back program.

d. the Texas indigent client program.

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

1. Scandals such as evidence tampering in crime labs prompt calls for Texas to pass reforms address which of the following problems:
   1. Overcriminalization
   2. Police militarization
   3. Fine and fee practices
   4. Misconduct in the justice system

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Difficulty: 1

Section: Correction and Rehabilitation

Chapter: The Criminal Justice System in Texas

Texas Standards: Texas LO-8. Analyze issues, policies, and political culture of Texas.

ESSAYS

1. Explain the differences between criminal and civil law in Texas.
2. How does “beyond a reasonable doubt” differ from a “preponderance of evidence?”
3. Provide three examples of how Texas is a “tough on crime” state.
4. Explain the variation in how “drug crimes” are emphasized across states.
5. What does it mean that Texas is an “enhanced punishment” state?
6. How is juvenile justice handled in Texas? How could it be improved?
7. Explain how the Texas juvenile justice system has changed over the years.
8. In what ways has Texas attempted to deal with prison overcrowding?
9. Explain how the profit motives of private prisons might distort the charge of such organizations, such as rehabilitation and reducing recidivism.
10. Why did private prisons ultimately falter in Texas?
11. Why was the death penalty found unconstitutional in 1972, and how was it restored? Provide an argument for or against the death penalty.
12. Why are most of the death penalties cases and executions found in Southern states?
13. How does income level affect the amount and quality of legal services a person receives in Texas?
14. Is suicide commonplace in Texas county jails? Why or why not?