Test Questions & Answers Ch3 Assessment Of Persons In

Chapter 3. Assessment of Persons in Cross-Cultural Counseling

1. __________ noted that the “enigmatic other” is forever difficult for even highly trained professionals to understand completely.

a. Ernest Boesch

b. Sigmund Freud

c. Murray Bowen

d. Carl Rogers

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: The Enigmatic Other

Question type: MC

2. Which of the following represents a culturally isomorphic setting?

a. Caucasian client and Latino counselor living in New York City

b. Latino client and Asian counselor living in rural Florida

c. African American client and Caucasian counselor living in Atlanta, Georgia

d. Caucasian client and Caucasian counselor living in rural Kansas

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: The Cultural Isomorphism of Human Assessment

Question type: MC

3. The _________ method of assessment has been described as rich, contextual, sensitive, open-minded, deep, genuine, insightful, flexible, and meaningful.

a. Quantitative

b. Qualitative

c. Statistical

d. knowledge-based

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Four Approaches to Assessment in Multicultural Counseling

Question type: MC

4. ____________ is a procedure used to ascertain the linguistic equivalence of scales

a. Secondary-translation

b. Culture-translation

c. Forward-translation

d. Back-translation

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Structural (or Functional) Equivalence

Question type: MC

5. ___________ assessment relies heavily on idiographic, informal, impressionistic, and often unstructured procedures or approaches.

a. Quantitative

b. Qualitative

c. Statistical

d. knowledge-based

Cognitive domain: Comprehensive

Answer location: The Qualitative Approach

Question type: MC

6. _________ equivalence addresses all aspects of the language(s) used in assessment devices.

a. Linguistic

b. Item

c. Method

d. Ordinary

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Structural (or Functional) Equivalence

Question type: MC

7. The _________ position argues that assessment, as well as treatment, is independent of any issues involving cultural or ethnic differences.

a. Regular

b. Ordinary

c. National

d. Universalist

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: The Cultural Isomorphism of Human Assessment

Question type: MC

8. ___________ approach draws heavily from the work of cultural and cross-cultural psychologists who have offered numerous ways to understand entire cultures as well as individuals within them.

a. Quantitative

b. Qualitative

c. Knowledge- based

d. Mixed methods

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Four Approaches to Assessment in Multicultural Counseling

Question type: MC

9. Constructivist assessment emphasizes ________ as opposed to ______ meanings and beliefs shared by individuals in a circumscribed culture.

a. Etic; emic

b. Emic; etic

c. Universal; local

d. International; national

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Qualitative Approach

Question type: MC

10. In-depth interviews and autobiographies are classic examples of

a. Quantitative

b. Qualitative

c. Statistical

d. knowledge-based

Cognitive domain: Comprehensive

Answer location: The Qualitative Approach

Question type: MC

11. _____________ bias can occur when one or more items is poorly translated.

a. Construct

b. Method

c. Constraint

d. Item

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Bias in Assessment and Appraisal

Question type: MC

12. _____________ bias can occur when those who take a test are unequally familiar with the items.

a. Construct

b. Method

c. Constraint

d. Item

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Bias in Assessment and Appraisal

Question type: MC

13. _________ bias can occur when physical conditions or test administration procedures differ. a. Construct

b. Method

c. Constraint

d. Item

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Bias in Assessment and Appraisal

Question type: MC

14. __________ bias can occur when there is poor sampling of all relevant behaviors.

a. Construct

b. Method

c. Constraint

d. Item

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Bias in Assessment and Appraisal

Question type: MC

15. _____________equivalence is the only type of equivalence that permits direct cross-cultural comparisons

a. Scalar

b. Measurement Unit

c. Structural

d. Conceptual

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Scalar Equivalence, or Full-Score Comparability

Question type: MC

16. Cultures that are highly individualistic tend to foster ________ and ________ among their citizens.

a. Autonomy; independence

b. Interdependence; neutrality

c. Independence; neutrality

d. Dependence; reliance

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Conceptual (or Construct) Equivalence

Question type: MC

17. When assessment instruments have been extended to other cultures, methodological concerns tend to center on _________ and __________ .

a. Language; comprehension

b. Scoring; analysis

c. Equivalence; bias

d. Statistical procedures; results

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Methodological Culture-Centered Concerns in Quantitative Research

Question type: MC

18. The _________ method of assessment has been described as communicable, testable, reliable, rigorous, precise, and empirical.

a. Quantitative

b. Qualitative

c. Statistical

d. knowledge-based

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Four Approaches to Assessment in Multicultural Counseling

Question type: MC

19. ___________ ensures that individuals, when all barriers are minimized or eliminated, will generally be “on the same page.”

a. High isomorphism

b. Low isomorphism

c. High empathy

d. Low empathy

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: The Cultural Isomorphism of Human Assessment

Question type: MC

20. Which of the following is also known as cultural compatibility hypothesis?

a. Culturally universalist setting

b. Culturally non-universalist setting

c. Culturally isomorphic setting

d. Culturally non-isomorphic setting

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: The Cultural Isomorphism of Human Assessment

Question type: MC

21. Assessment usually involves both quantitative and qualitative perspectives.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Four Approaches to Assessment in Multicultural Counseling

Question type: TF

22. Effective assessment involving individuals from other cultures can still be accomplished even if the persons doing the assessment have no knowledge about the histories, customs, and modes of interaction of the groups in question.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Four Approaches to Assessment in Multicultural Counseling

Question type: TF

23. In culturally sensitive psychological assessment the goal is to find enough equivalence between disparate cultural or ethnic groups so that the elimination of any bias that favors one group or individual over another is possible.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Conceptual (or Construct) Equivalence

Question type: TF

24. Structural equivalence is satisfied if an instrument measures the same construct in different cultural or ethnic groups.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Structural (or Functional) Equivalence

Question type: TF

25. The qualitative approach includes the assessment of what may well be the most important aspect of a person’s mode of thought and behavior, i.e. his or her worldview.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Qualitative Approach

Question type: TF

26. Bio-psychological assessment generally focuses on brain disorders.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: An Interim Perspective: Neuropsychological Assessment and Culture

Question type: TF

27. The measurement of intelligence is always accurate, even when tests are applied to individuals from different cultures.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Methodological Culture-Centered Concerns in Quantitative Research

Question type: TF

28. Human cultures tend to be complex.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Enigmatic Other

Question type: TF

29. The goal of assessment is to contribute to the counselor’s professional competence when dealing with diverse clientele.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Chapter Orientation

Question type: TF

30. Quantitative approaches include the notion that the person and the culture in which he or she lives are “co-constructed.”

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Qualitative Approach

Question type: TF

31. Define the term worldview.

a. Worldviews is a set of beliefs and assumptions that describe reality.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Qualitative Approach

Question type: SA

32. Compare and contrast qualitative and quantitative dimensions of assessment.

a. Both approaches have had strong supporters and outspoken opponents. For instance, the clinical (qualitative) method has been described as rich, contextual, sensitive, open-minded, deep, genuine, insightful, flexible, and meaningful. It has also been pejoratively described as mystical, hazy, unverifiable, sloppy, crude, primitive, and intuitive. On the other hand, the statistical (quantitative) approach has been described by its adherents as communicable, testable, reliable, rigorous, precise, and empirical. Its detractors use such adjectives as mechanical, forced, superficial, rigid, pseudoscientific, and blind.

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Cultures: Four Approaches to Assessment in Multicultural Counseling

Question type: ESS

33. Define the term social axioms.

a. Social axioms are generalized beliefs about oneself, the social and physical environment, or the spiritual world, and are in the form of an assertion about the relationship between two entities or concepts.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Qualitative Approach

Question type: SA