Test Bank Forging the Modern World 2e Exam Prep 2nd Edition - Modern World History 2e | Test Bank Carter by James Carter. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 1 Instructor Test Bank
1. The idea of an “Afro-Eurasian supercontinent” makes most sense in terms of which of the following?
a.. Mongol rulers united all of these regions in one empire.
b. Religious unity and a common culture spread across the continents.
c. Land and sea trade routes created interconnectedness across diverse political and economic entities.
d. A common language permitted chroniclers to describe the history of all three continents.
Pages 21-22; 24-25
2. Under the “biological old regime” the main economic activity of all human societies was:
a. Manufacturing surplus goods to trade.
b. Agriculture.
c. Commercial enterprise.
d. Technological development.
Pages 25-26
3. Which of the following empires established control over much of the Eastern Mediterranean region in the fifteenth century?
a. The Ottomans.
b. The Mongols.
c. The Ming.
d. The Romans.
Pages 17-18
4. The North African city of ______________ remained a vital center of Islamic learning in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.
a. Constantinople.
b. Baghdad.
c. Tenochtitlan.
d. Timbuktu.
Page 37.
5. From the discussion of the biological old regime we can infer that the most important factor for determining economic success was
a. Climate.
b. Number of merchants participating in trade.
d. Size of the military.
d. Capitalism.
Pages 25-26
6. One consequence of the Mongol expansion was that Mongol rulers:
a. eventually united central Asia under one religion.
b. purged central Asia and Eastern Europe of the bubonic plague.
c. protected overland trade routes, allowing the expansion of commerce.
d. united their subject peoples with a common culture and language.
Pages 27-28
7. The fourteenth century crises that befell Western Europe included the bubonic plague, the 100 Years’ War, and:
a. invasion by the Mongols.
b. a cooling trend in average temperatures.
c. a mass immigration of Muslims from North Africa.
d. a religious schism within the Eastern Orthodox faith.
Pages 28-29
8. One of the projects taken on by the Ming Dynasty in China was to move the imperial capital north to the city of:
a. Canton.
b. Nanking.
c. Pyongyang.
d. Beijing.
Page 29
9. The discovery of Roman coins in India and discussion of Chinese silks in the records of the Roman Senate indicate that:
a. Chinese ships once anchored in the port of Rome.
b. Rome’s navy reached the Indian Ocean via the Suez Canal.
c. empires are necessary for the conduct of long distance trade.
d. Significant trade existed between the Roman Empire and Asia as far back as the beginning of the Common Era.
Page 22
10. In terms of political order, the concept of legitimacy refers to:
a. the marriage rituals in a society.
b. the natural geographic boundaries of a state.
c. the way rulers justify their exercise of power.
d. the egalitarian impulse of imperial rule.
Pages 23-24
11. The consolidation of the Ottoman Empire in the fifteenth century contributed to:
a. the end of Egyptian trade with East Asia.
b. the Western European search for new trade routes to East Asia.
c. the consolidation of European power under the Pope.
d. the isolation of Africa.
Pages 38-39.
12. The Black Death (plague) of the mid-fourteenth century:
- had a devastating impact on populations of both Europe and Asia.
- had little impact on China.
- decimated the indigenous population of the Andes.
- Inspired the Ming Dynasty to fund the Treasure Fleet.
Page 28
13. Empire building by indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere included:
a. military excursions and tribute demands against adjacent states and communities.
b. naval expeditions for trade and conquest.
c. use of Christian missionaries to ensure loyalty.
d. deliberately spreading smallpox among enemies.
Pages 40-44
14. The Ottoman Empire designed the millet system to:
a. enforce the practice of Islam among all residents of the empire.
b. to maintain political stability within a religiously diverse empire.
c. increase agriculture productivity on the frontiers of the empire.
d. provide a military defense for the holy cities of Mecca and Medina.
Page 35
14. The painter Gentile Bellini served on a diplomatic mission to negotiate peace between:
a. Constantinople and the Ottoman Empires.
b. Beijing and the Mongol Empire.
c. Cusco and the Spanish Empire.
d. Venice and the Ottoman Empire.
Page 40
16. By the fifteenth century, plow cultivation was the dominant method of food procurement in
a. Australia.
b. Africa south of the Sahara Desert.
c. North and South America.
d. South Asia.
Map, Page 26.
17. Which of the Islamic cultural centers was sacked by the Mongols?
a. Constantinople.
b. Beijing.
c. Baghdad.
d. Tenochtitlan.
Pages 27-28
18. Historians continue to debate the reasons for the end of the Chinese Treasure fleet voyages because:
a. the Yongle Emperor offered contradictory explanations for his decision.
b. no primary sources have yet been discovered to account fully for the decision.
c. the Ming Dynasty kept no written records.
d. contemporary researchers have not yet deciphered the Ming alphabet.
Pages 31-32
19. The Hansa, or Hanseatic League:
a. engaged in commercial and military activities.
b. pledged loyalty to Grand Prince Ivan III.
c. financed the voyages of Prince Henry (the Navigator).
d. sent a rhinoceros to Beijing with Zheng He.
Pages 35-36
20. The most active European merchants in the Atlantic Ocean in the late fifteenth century were from:
a. Germany.
b. Italy.
c. Portugal.
d. England.
Page 38-39
Essay Questions:
1. The textbook authors choose to describe Africa, Europe, and Asia as a single “supercontinent.” What are the reasons for this? What evidence can be presented to argue against the idea that this is a single entity?
2. What are the major distinctions to be drawn between human interactions in Afro-Eurasia and those of the Western hemisphere in the fifteenth century?
3. What conditions beyond the control of human agency shaped historical outcomes during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries? Please give specific examples.
Chapter 2 Instructor Test Bank
1. _____________________ argued that the treatment of the indigenous peoples by Spanish encomenderos was sinful?
a. Christopher Columbus.
b. King Ferdinand II.
c. Pope Alexander II.
d. Bartolomé de Las Casas.
Page 59
2. After the Portuguese were banned from trading by the Japanese government, the _________ were given in exclusive franchise to import and export at Nagasaki.
a. English
b. French
c. Dutch
d. Chinese
Page 65
3. Matteo Ricci went to China with the primary purpose of:
a. exploring the Forbidden City.
b. securing access to strategic Chinese ports.
c. spreading Catholicism.
d. delivering firearms to the Ming Emperor.
Page 65
4. The Requerimiento (Requirement) was:
a. a pledge of loyalty taken by Spanish explorers.
b. a tax on all silver production in Spanish America.
c. an explanation of what Spaniards were doing in the Americas.
d. a justification of the Portuguese seizure of Goa.
Page 51
5. As an economic and political model, the encomienda system was:
a. an early form of American capitalism with private property rights.
b. a monopoly trade agreement between the Aztec ruler Moctezuma II and Cortés.
c. similar to European feudalism.
d. designed by the Spanish crown to concentrate royal power.
Pages 50-51
6. Which of the following apply to the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas?
I. It was brokered by the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
II. It set the ground rules for trade for all European rivals in North Africa.
III. It drew an imaginary line to divide territory between Spain and Portugal.
a. I only.
b. I and II only.
c. I and III only.
d. II and III only.
Page 60
7. Which of the following occurred in the sixteenth century?
a. Chinese goods began to flow to Acapulco in New Spain (Mexico).
b. Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony began exporting beaver pelts to France.
c. The Ming Emperor resumed voyages to East Africa.
d. The British East India disrupted Mongol protection of India’s port cities.
Page 62
8. In the first decade of the sixteenth century, Indian Ocean trade networks were disrupted by:
a. Malacca
b. Portugal
c. England
d. France
Page 62-63
9. Spanish settlement in _____________________ facilitated trade between the Americas and China.
a. Dejima.
b. Hispaniola
c. Chile
d. the Philippines
Page 64
10. In order to prevent Christian evangelization and commercial exploitation, _______ barred most European countries from settling and trading in the Closed Country Edict.
a. Japan
b. China
c. Goa
d. Mexico
Page 65
11. In the seventeenth century _____________ grew into a dominant force in economic relations between Europe and Asia.
a. the Toyotomi Hideyoshi
b. the Hansa
c. the Dutch East India Company
d. the Society of Jesus
Page 66
12. In the seventeenth century, the biggest challengers to Spanish and Portuguese control of the Americas came to be:
a. Chinese and Russian
b. Islamic and Chinese
c. English and French.
d. Russian and Dutch.
Page 60
13. Consequences of the European-American encounters between the late 15th and 17th centuries included:
I. a dramatic decline in the indigenous population of the Western hemisphere.
II. an influx of silver and gold into European markets.
III. the trans-Atlantic slave trade.
a. I and II only.
b. II and III only.
c. I, III, and III.
d. I and III only.
Pages 56 - 58
14. Which of the following are true statements about the 16th-century economy of the Western hemisphere?
I. Sugar was produced for European markets.
II. Silk and cotton textile manufacturing flourished in New France.
III. Enslaved Africans worked on plantations.
IV. Large amounts of precious metals were imported from Japan.
a. Only I and II.
b. Only I and III.
c. Only II and IV.
d. Only I, II, and IV.
e. Only I, II, and III.
Pages 56 - 58
15. Effects of the Columbian Exchange included:
I. the introduction of new products such as chocolate, vanilla, and maize, into European markets.
II. the proliferation of Eurasian animals throughout the Americas.
III. the growth of sugar plantations in the Caribbean.
IV. a decline in the European population as new staple crops crowded out traditional foods.
a. I, II, and III only.
b. I, II, and IV only.
c. I, III, and IV only.
d. I, II, III, and IV.
Pages 56 - 58
16. In debates over the proper conduct and treatment of the indigenous people of the western hemisphere, Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda asserted that:
a. the Christian obligation to treat indigenous peoples as equals.
b. trade was the most ethical approach to dealing with the natives.
c. the Spanish had a right and duty to subjugate natives since they were natural slaves.
d. the Spanish crown needed to respect the sovereignty of indigenous political leaders.
Page 59
17. Early French settlements in North America included:
a. Quebec.
b. Fourchette.
c. Fort Christina.
d. Jamestown.
Page 60
18. In the mid-sixteenth century the “New Laws” promulgated by the Spanish throne to reform Spanish treatment of the natives were
a. Followed to the letter; improving relations between Spaniards and the natives.
b. Adopted by other European monarchs in charging their settlers going to the New World.
c. Resisted or ignored by local encomendero.
d. Challenged by priests such as Bartolomé de las Casas.
Page 59 – 60
19. Which of the following groups did NOT have a major trading outpost in South Asia by the mid-17th century?
a. Dutch
b. Portuguese
c. German
d. Spanish
Page 63, map.
20. Which of the following became the largest consumer of Spanish American silver between 1500 and 1800?
a. Japan.
b. England.
c. India.
d. China.
Page 62
Essay Questions
- Identify and explain the most significant factors that influenced outcomes of early encounters between Europeans and indigenous populations in the western hemisphere.
- Define the “Columbian Exchange” and its impact on Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
- Identify and explain the competing goals, actions, and impacts of different groups in shaping the political and economic institutions that emerged in Spanish America between 1492 and the mid-sixteenth century.
- Explain the role of historical contingency as it relates to significant global outcomes during the period 1486-1639.
- Compare and contrast the experiences of Asian and American populations with Europeans during the period 1486-1639. How can one account for similar and/or different outcomes in these encounters?
Chapter 3 Instructor Test Bank
1. Which of the following was not a Eurasian land empire of the early modern era (16th & early 17th Centuries)?
a. Mongol
b. Safavid
c. Ottoman
d. Russian
Page 70, map
2. The most common means by which early modern empires expanded was through the use of:
a. diplomacy.
b. commercial treaties.
c. firearms and soldiers.
d. popular elections.
Page: 72
3. Which of the following most accurately represents the political philosophy of Niccolò Machiavelli?
a. following religious doctrines believed by the people are the best way to safeguard the state.
b. democracy is essential for the longevity of a Prince’s rule.
c. no universal set of ethical rules can guide or constrain political leaders.
d. political stability depends upon the Prince accepting that his legitimacy comes from God.
Page 73
4. One of the paradoxes of creating and ruling an early modern empire was that:
a. rulers had to convert to the faith of a majority of their subjects.
b. emperors could only enrich themselves through conquest rather than taxation.
c. empires were more often won through economic action rather than military action.
d. the concentration of power in a central authority often triggered challenges to a ruler’s legitimacy.
Pages 73-74
- The consolidation of stronger central states in this era led to:
a. a struggle between the Ottoman and Spanish Empires for control of the Atlantic slave trade
b. conflicts over the relationship between monarchs and local power holders
c. democratization of local political institutions like town councils
d. expansion of the Peruvian mining industry with Dutch investment.
Pages 73-74
6. The Sunni Muslim ruler Akbar established the:
a. Safavid Empire
b. Manchu Empire
c. Ottoman Empire
d. Mughal Empire
Page 76
7. ____________________ called for reforms in the Catholic Church that sparked the Protestant Reformation.
a. Niccolò Machiavelli
b. Martin Luther
c. Frederick III of Saxony
d. Charles V of Spain
Page 77-78
8. The use of _________________ helped spread ideas about Protestantism.
a. Jesuit missionaries
b. the printing press
c. double-hulled warships
d. Machiavelli’s precepts
Page 79-80
9. Ivan IV, the Grand Prince of Moscow, did all of the following except:
a. arm the Russian military with rifles.
b. commission the building of cathedrals.
c. join forces with German rulers to protect Martin Luther.
d. distribute trading privileges in exchange for payments to the government.
Page 78
10. The rebels in the German Peasants’ War:
a. rose against the teaching of Martin Luther.
b. objected to the way the Bible had been translated into German.
c. toppled the Holy Roman Empire.
d. demanded the right to hunt and gather wood in the areas around their villages.
Page 79
11. Which of the following broke away from the Spanish Empire in the late sixteenth century?
a. Ireland
b. Mexico
c. Italy
d. Netherlands
Page 82
12. One of the provisions in the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia stated that:
a. all religions would be tolerated in all European states.
b. all Christian religions must be tolerated in all European states.
c. religious differences alone could not justify war among Christian rulers.
d. no ruler could tax his people unless they were represented in government.
Page 82
13. John Locke:
a. supported the divine right theory of political legitimacy.
b. asserted that the form of government was irrelevant to economic organization
c. argued that absolute monarchy was incompatible with a just political system
d. disputed Isaac Newton’s assertions about mechanics
Pages 85-86.
14. The chaos and destruction wrought by the English Civil War contributed to future English leaders’ acceptance of:
a. limits on the power of the monarchs.
b. absolute power for military leaders in times of war.
c. the independence of Scotland.
d. the hereditary claims of the ruling Stuart dynasty.
Page 85-86
15. In Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes supported the idea that government derives from:
a. the will of God.
b. the consent of the governed.
c. fundamental human docility.
d. replacing the social contract with the political treatise.
Page 85
16. Which of the following are true of the challenges facing the Ming Dynasty in the seventeenth century?
I. Manchu armies were marching on Beijing.
II. A peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng was under way.
III. Key infrastructure was in disrepair.
a. Both I and II only
b. Both I and III only
c. Both II and III only
d. I, II, and III
Page 87-88
17. Which of the following is most accurate regarding the way historians think about the Qing dynasty?
a. The Qing Dynasty was more like the Mongol Empire than the Ming Dynasty.
b. Historians agree that Manchu language primary sources offer little useful information about Qing rule.
c. Viewpoints on Qing rule have changed as scholars accessed more sources in more languages.
d. The transition from Ming to Qing rule had no effect on China.
Pages 88-89
18. Gu Yanwu argued that:
a. Chinese rulers should move beyond an obsession with Confucian models.
b. Qing rulers should restore lost reverence for traditional beliefs.
c. inductive reasoning would destroy imperial rule.
d. adherence to traditional beliefs was superior to adoption of “foreign,” scientific reasoning.
Page 90
19. By the end of the seventeenth century, it appeared that:
a. global institutions for conflict management would soon be established.
b. most of Afro-Eurasia’s hereditary empires were stronger than they were at the beginning of the sixteenth century.
c. the European empires except for England were all on the verge of collapse.
d. empire building had moved beyond the constraints of the biological old regime.
Page 91
20. Which of the following events occurred first?
a. The German Peasants’ War began.
b. Martin Luther posted The 95 Theses.
c. The English Civil War ended.
d. The Ming Dynasty fell.
Pages 92-93
Essay Questions:
- Compare and contrast the experiences of two different challenges to rulership during this era. What issues ignited conflict and unified combatants? What were the consequences of the outcomes of these conflicts toward the arc of world history during the seventeenth century?
- Compare and contrast the political theories of Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Locke.
- What are the main ways that monarchs attempted to control their empires during this era? Provide examples of some of the unintended consequences that emerged from the use of these tactics.
Chapter 4 Instructor Test Bank
1. Cotton textiles manufactured in _________ were most in demand around the world in the seventeenth century.
a. India.
b. England.
c. Africa.
d. Mexico.
Page 107
2. Tulipmania is an example of
a. a protectionist scheme based on zero-sum economic theory.
b. the ill-conceived use of plants for medicinal purposes.
c. an investment bubble based on speculation about future prices.
d. a Dutch obsession with Japanese art.
Pages 115-116
3. The economic system theory that posits that the best way to measure a country’s economic health is by the amount of precious metals in its treasury is called:
a. capitalism.
b. mercantilism.
C. bimetallism.
D. corvéeism.
Page 111
4. Historian Sam White argues that a key variable in explaining regional upheaval in the 17th century is:
a. the impact of climate change.
b. the waning of Protestantism.
C. the rise of political parties.
D. the growth of piracy.
Page 114
5. The Edo regime in Japan adopted a policy of Sakoku, which led to:
a. the invasion of China
b. the annexation of the Philippines
c. opening all Japanese ports to European merchants.
d. strict control of economic interactions with other nations.
Page 111
6. England and France, attempting to eliminate Asian competitors and protect their own local textile manufacturers:
a. blockaded Asian ports to prevent exports.
b. imposed protective tariffs (taxes) on Asian textile imports.
c. obtained patents on the products in order to control sales.
d. hired Asian immigrants to produce textiles in France and England.
Pages 95-97
7. Peasants and serfs are similar in the sense that:
a. they share the same religion.
b. they have complete freedom to change jobs or place of residence.
c. they are both involved in agricultural production.
d. they both must belong to guilds.
Page 98
8. Sugar plantations in the Western hemisphere:
a. were dominated by the indigenous labor force
b. integrated growing, harvesting, and refining functions in one enterprise.
c. never recovered from the Black Death.
d. had a monopoly on global production until 1730.
Page 102
9. Much of the silver produced in the Americas went to in China in exchange for:
a. rice and other agricultural staples.
b. silks, porcelains, and other manufactured goods.
c. field hand, household servants, and other enslaved peoples.
d. all of the above.
Page 105
10. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, India was the world’s leading ________ manufacturer.
a. weapons
b. ceramics
c. textile
d. silver coin
Pages 106-107
11. The mita was
a. a tax on silver production in Spanish America.
b. a tax on sugar consumption in Spain
c. a tax on wages earned in the textile mills of South Asia.
d. a labor tax on indigenous peoples in the Andes.
Page 109
12. Under the theory of mercantilism, the best way for a state to add precious metals to its treasury was through
a. exporting more than importing
b. importing more than exporting
c. maintaining an absolute balance (or zero-sum) between the value of imports and exports
d. taxing imperial subjects at the highest marginal rate permissible by the royal courts.
Page 111
13. The Calico Acts of 1700 and 1721 were designed to:
a. promote Indian textile sales in the Western hemisphere.
b. damage Portuguese sugar sales in Europe.
c. promote a positive balance of trade between England and Mexico.
d. protect English textile producers from South Asian imports.
14. Enslaved Africans:
a. were used in almost every kind of economic activity in the Western hemisphere.
b. worked only in agriculture
c. became a less important part of the Western hemisphere work force in the seventeenth century.
d. were not present in French colonies.
Page 101
15. The _______________ is a financial instrument (still in use today) that contributed to the “tulipmania” phenomenon is:
a. the value added tax
b. the zero-sum game
c. the futures contract
d. the proxy
Pages 115-117
16. The Dutch East India Company and the British East India Company are examples of
a. Asian-owned trading companies in European cities.
b. joint stock companies granted rights by a royal or government charter
c. textile manufacturers.
d. stock exchanges such as Wall Street is today
Page 112
17. Global trade in the seventeenth century:
a. was monopolized by British merchants.
b. privileged the movement of staple grains over long distances.
c. was highly competitive with no single dominant state.
d. no longer included ethnic Chinese merchants.
Pages 105-106
18. Which of the following best describes the Portuguese approach to agriculture in the Americas?
a. The Portuguese encouraged a balanced cultivation of a variety of crops.
b. The Portuguese relied on large-scale plantation monoculture.
c. The Portuguese experimented with a variety of agricultural methods.
d. The Portuguese were mainly unconcerned with agriculture.
Pages 100 - 104
19. Over the long-term, the trans-Atlantic slave trade:
a. had little effect on politics in Africa.
b. declined rapidly after a half-century of expansion.
c. disrupted political structures and relationships in Africa.
d. ended with the Treaty of Ryswick.
Page 101
20. The expansion of the world’s precious metal supply inspired rulers in many places, including China and India, to:
a. abandon domestic mining operations, which were seen as inefficient.
b. invest in new shipbuilding technologies capable of carrying heavier loads of silver and gold.
c. change economic development policies to encourage more agricultural production.
d. reform tax policies to increase the accumulation of precious metals in their treasuries.
Page 113
Essay Questions
1. Explain the roles of plantation agriculture and joint stock companies in the expansion of global trade and integration.
2. How does American silver production re-shape the global economy?
3. Examine the impact of the “new global economy” on local and regional relationships in two distinct places.
Chapter 5 Instructor Test Bank:
1. John Locke argued that in a state of nature:
a. every individual is a sovereign
b. knowledge is sovereign
c. human beings could live in peace
d. the squirrel and the hawk create a social contract.
Page 125
2. As a result of the “Glorious Revolution,” the English monarchs:
a. were given absolute power over the Parliament.
b. received one-third of silver mining revenues from Spanish America.
c. agreed that their powers were limited by a social contract with their subjects.
d. would have their terms limited to ten years.
Page 124-125
3. The term World War Zero used in the text refers to:
a. the English Civil War.
b. the Seven Years War.
c. the Thirty Years War.
d. the Manchu overthrow of the Ming.
Pages 135-141
4. Which of the following was one result of the Seven Years War?
a. England acquired so much additional territory it could reduce taxes throughout the empire.
b. French victories in Quebec and Pondicherry secured use of the French language in Canada and Vietnam.
c. The French were able to name the Spanish king and take over Spain’s overseas possessions.
d Both England and France doubled their public debt.
Page 139
5. Which of the following characterize accurately the competitive states of Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?
I. They all launched overseas expeditions to colonize Africa and Southeast Asia.
II. They all increased the size of their respective military assets.
III. They all became more democratic.
IV. They all adopted schemes to increase revenues for their national treasuries.
a. I and II only
b. II and III only
c. I and III only
d. II and IV only.
Page 135-141
6. Prior to World War Zero, European states:
a. engaged in an arms race and regional wars for limited tactical and strategic objectives.
b. tried to broker a peace agreement with the Roman Catholic Church as the arbiter.
c. enjoyed a stable balance of power and little conflict.
d. negotiated a binding agreement about their respective colonial spheres of influence.
Page 135
7. The Treaty of Allahabad stated that:
a. the British East India Company would engage in fair trade practices with the Dutch in India
b. the Mughal Empire would remain intact after the death of Emperor Aurangzeb
c. the French would share in trade throughout Southeast Asia
d. the British East India Company would acquire the right to collect tax revenue in India.
Pages 121-123
8. In the early eighteenth century, monarchy in Russia, China, and France could be said to be more in comparison to England.
a. absolutist
b. democratic
c. liberal
d. devout
Pages 124 - 125
9. Which of the following statements is true regarding the Qing dynasty of China?
a. The Qing were really Mongolians who invaded China
b. The Qing were able to grow the territories of China to include Tibet
c. The Great Wall of China was shortened as there was no longer a northern threat
d. The Qing diminished Confucianism in favor of Islam
Page 128
10. Under Peter the Great:
a. Russia followed China’s lead in dismantling its navy.
b. the Russian Orthodox Church was suppressed.
c. Stenka Razin led a successful rebellion against the Tsar, which led to many political reforms.
d. The Russian Imperial Code stated that the sovereign’s power was absolute.
Page 126
11. Which of the following was included in the English Bill of Rights?
a. King William and Queen Mary were given exclusive power over taxation.
b. Going to war was made an executive decision with which Parliament could not interfere
c. Individuals could not be subject to cruel and unusual punishment at the hands of the state.
d. Women were given the right to vote in parliamentary elections.
Page 125
12. The Seven Years' War was an important turning point in:
a. convincing the major Atlantic powers to increasingly militarize their colonies
b. helping the British secure a colonial stronghold in South Asia
c. creating a growing fiscal and political crisis in France
d. all of the above
Pages 135-142
13. Which of the following authors wrote in support of the theory of royal absolutism?
a. John Locke
b. Stenka Razin
c. Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet
d. Zumbi of Palmares
Page 126
14. The transport of Africans across the Atlantic to western slave markets was known as
a. the Middle Passage
b. the Westward passage
c. the Requirement
d. the mita
pages 131 – 135
15. By the middle of the eighteenth century, the ______________ Empire no longer existed:
a. Qing
b. Ottoman
c. Portuguese
d. Safavid
Page 139
16. A quilombo is:
a. a South American sugar plantation
b. a form of Russian serfdom
c. a subdivision of property in Spain
d. a Brazilian community led by free peoples of African descent
Page 121
17. Research suggests that African regions with less effective centralized sovereign states:
a. were the easiest targets for slave traders.
b. gained more resources as Spanish naval power declined.
c. may have been less subject to the depredations of the slave trade.
d. provided the most troops during the Seven Years’ War.
Page 132
18. Social contract theory argues that:
a. states form when people relinquish some freedom in exchange for some protections of persons and property.
b. certain possessions should never be subject to taxation by the sovereign
c. legitimate business transactions must always have a publicly witnessed bill of sale.
d. women can only obtain rights and privileges when then sign a marriage contract.
Page 125
19. The withdrawal of Spanish settlers from the northern frontier of New Spain (contemporary New Mexico) after 1680:
a. opened a pathway for English settlers to take Utah.
b. redirected the trade routes of the Manila Galleon.
c. resulted from a peace treaty signed with the Pueblo peoples.
d. indirectly transformed the way of life for indigenous peoples of the Great Plains.
Pages 130-131
20. The Rebellion of the Barrios in 1765 demonstrated that:
a. the wealthy residents of Quito were rebellious than the poor.
b. the wealthy residents of Quito feared popular rebellion more than they disliked imperial tax policy.
c. Ecuador had become the center of South America’s independence movement.
d. socio-economic class plays no role in colonial political alliances.
Page 142
Essay Questions
- What were the long-term trends in political organization from the mid-seventeenth century to the mid-eighteenth century? What kinds of states seem to be thriving? Why?
- Explicate the points of competition and friction that existed between imperial powers leading up to World War Zero.
- Examine the role and consequences of trans-Atlantic slavery in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Chapter 6 Instructor Test Bank:
1. The Lisbon Earthquake of 1755 led to:
a. a revolution separating Portugal from Spain.
b. forfeiture of Brazil as an imperial colony.
c. the expulsion of Catholic clergy from Spain.
d. innovation in architecture and construction.
Page 147
2. The Gulhane Edict:
a. triggered the liberation of Serbia from the Ottoman Empire.
b. changed the status and responsibilities of both Muslims and non-Muslims in the Ottoman Empire.
c. freed Russian serfs.
d. caused a war between the Ottoman and Russian Empires.
Page 147-149
3. Enlightenment thinkers advocated the use of ___________ in decision-making.
a. military strength
b. faith.
c. reason.
d. nostalgia.
Pages 149-150
4. Which of the following phrases reflect underlying themes or beliefs of Enlightenment thinkers?
I. “Dare to Know!” or; “Have the courage to use your understanding.”
II. “The perfectibility of man is unlimited.”
III. A monarch “need render account to no one for what he orders.”
IV. Life is “…short nasty, and brutish…”
a. I and II only.
b. II and III only.
c. III and IV only.
d. I, II, and III only.
e. II, III, and IV only.
Page 150
5. Enlightenment thinkers in the field of economics suggested which of the following?
a. Imperial control and regulation of trade and business was essential to a rational, growth oriented economy.
b. Class struggle would wither away with rational economic planning.
c. Slavery was essential to a nation’s economic health.
d. Free trade and individual choice in the marketplace would produce more wealth and better society.
Page 151
6. The Bourbon Reforms were designed in part to:
a. unite the monarchies of Spain and France.
b. increase revenue flows from colonial possessions.
c. recover Spanish colonies seized by the new United States.
d. change the way monarchs were selected in France.
7. The political upheaval produced by the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars (1789 – 1815) contributed to which of the following?
I. It inspired the formation of the first republic of the Western Hemisphere governed by former slaves.
II. It inspired governments across Europe to extend the right to vote to women in the 1820s.
III. It inspired revolutions throughout Central and South America leading to new states independent of Spain and Portuguese imperial controls.
IV. It inspired a line of conservative thought that societies needed stability and change should come very gradually rather than risk dramatic turmoil.
a. I and II only.
b. I, II, and III only.
c. I, III and IV only.
d. II, III, and IV only.
Pages 157-163
8. One of the obstacles to achieving stability in Spanish American states after they achieved independence was:
a. a lack of any natural resources on which to base the economy.
b. a legacy of class and racial legal discrimination created during their colonial status.
c. an absence of European legal structures necessary for the formation of constitutions.
d. a lack of military expenditure to protect borders and keep the peace.
Pages 167-169
9. An important idea about political organization that grew dramatically during the Age of Napoleon was:
a. Nationalism and the nation-state.
b. Communism and proletarian solidarity.
c. Ecumenism and religious toleration.
d. Monopoly capitalism and public-private partnerships.
Page 164-169
10. In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith argued:
a. The benefits of socialism over capitalism.
b. Natural laws controlled the economy.
c. Capitalism was a system unique to Western Europe.
d. The human mind was a blank slate.
e. Capitalist behavior is harmful to the common wealth.
Page 151
11. Which of the following two events have the most direct causal relationship?
a. French Revolution and Haitian Independence
b. Lisbon Earthquake and Tanzimat
c. U.S. Independence and Bourbon Reforms
d. Glorious Revolution and Napoleonic Wars
Pages 157-160
12. Political debates unleashed by the “Age of Revolution” include:
a. how to define “the people” under a regime of popular sovereignty
b. to what extent should “old” institutions and laws be permitted to survive under a new regime
c. what are the precise limitations on state power over individuals within a given realm
d. all of the above
Pages 173-174
13. As the Spanish and Portuguese Empires in the Americas collapsed:
a. the political status of women improved in Central and South America.
b. slavery was immediately ended throughout the Western hemisphere.
c. regional elites competed with each other over control of territory and resources.
d. South America achieved financial independence and political unification.
Page 167
14. Shortly before he died, Simón Bolívar:
a. expressed frustration over ongoing political unrest in South America.
b. successfully united Central America into one nation-state.
c. created a hereditary Senate in Gran Columbia.
d. completed the new Constitution of Mexico
Pages 167-168
15. Young Italy was led by:
a. Johann Gottlieb Fichte
b. Giuseppe Mazzini
c. José de Carvalho
d. Nicolas de Condorcet
Pages 164-165
16. Johann Gottlieb Fichte asserted that:
a. modern political order needed to transcend nationalism.
b. Napoleon’s invasion created the German nation.
c. nations are fictional constructs.
d. nations are timeless.
Page 164
17. The authors of the US Declaration of Independence relied for key concepts on the political philosophy of:
a. Adam Smith
b. Jules Ferry
c. John Locke
d. Niccolo Machiavelli
Page 154
18. A consistent characteristic for all imperial and newly written constitutional reforms undertaken between 1755 and 1839 was
a. abolition of slavery
b. growing the size of the military
c. gender inequality
d. free trade
Pages 147-172
19. Tupac Amaru II:
a. demanded a liberal constitution for Gran Colombia.
b. called for the overthrow of the Spanish Empire.
c. favored an alliance with England against Napoleon.
d. launched the Tanzimat in 1839.
Page 152-153.
20. Which of the following did not advocate for women’s equality?
a. Mary Wollstonecraft
b. Olympe de Gouges
c. Sophie de Condorcet
d. All were advocates for gender equality
Page 165
Essay Questions
- What do you see as the most prevalent social, economic, and/or political conditions that sparked revolutionary upheaval during this era?
2. What kinds of obstacles existed to creating and implementing “enlightened reforms”? How were these obstacles addressed in different states? What were the consequences of efforts to impose reforms from above?
3. What are the major points of debate during this era over how, why, and when political change can and should take place? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the competing positions?
Chapter 7 Instructor Test Bank:
1. Which of the following is true about the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
a. It reinforced the “Biological Old Regime”.
b. It spread evenly across the Eurasian continent.
c. India was an early industrializer because of the demand for cotton textiles.
d. Human attitudes toward the natural environment were changed.
Page 181
2. Historians who try to attribute the Industrial Revolution to a European “respect for manual labor” overlook the:
a. Enlightenment ideal of freedom.
b. presence and persistence of slavery.
c. importance of steam power.
d. Judeo-Christian emphasis on days of rest and reflection.
Page 184-186
3. The “California School” of world history asserts that ____________ were key contributors to the Industrial Revolution.
a. colonies and the availability of coal near population centers
b. culture and the unique features of the Protestant work ethic
c. climate and the availability of arable land in western Europe
d. Confucianism and the importance of filial piety in China.
Page 185-186
4. The textbook authors, Carter and Warren, point out that the Industrial Revolution was aided by a large transfer of wealth from:
a. business owners to the bourgeoisie.
b. business owners to the proletariat.
c. Africa and Native Americans to Europeans.
d. Britain to China.
Page 185
5. The most important factor in breaking the “biological old regime” was:
a. the development of ways to harness new sources of energy for production
b. the Peace of Westphalia
c. the publication of Darwin's Origin of Species
d. all of the above played equally important roles at different levels
Pages 180-181
6. The author advocating free trade in his book, Wealth of Nations was
a. Adam Smith
b. Frederick Engels
c. Karl Marx
d. Andrew Ure
Page 186
7. Which of the following best characterizes the Marxist theory of history?
a. Economic competition leads to the highest possible level of prosperity for all.
b. The struggle between propertied classes and laboring classes is the determining force in human affairs.
c. There is no avoiding the fact that there will always be impoverished classes in every society.
d. It is only possible to achieve social justice and economic equality within a capitalistic economic framework.
Page 191-193
8. The term bourgeoisie refers to:
a. the European landed aristocracy.
b. factory owners, bankers and others who control property.
c. wage workers.
d. the French royal family.
Page 192
9. Effects of the Opium Wars (1839-42 and 1856-60) include:
I. Hong Kong became a British colony.
II. Opium use in China was legalized.
III. Christianity in China was banned.
IV. The Qing Dynasty saw the need to modernize China.
a. I, II, and III only.
b. II, III and IV only.
c. I, II, and IV only.
d. I, III, and IV only.
Pages 196
10. The Industrial Revolution created so much wealth that Europeans did not engage in any wars between 1830 and 1900.
a. True
b. False
Pages 193-200
11. Which of the following did Karl Marx say was inevitable in the course of history?
I. Capitalism would collapse.
II. Private property would be abolished.
III. The Proletariat would rise up and overthrow the bourgeoisie.
a. I and II only.
b. II and III only.
c. I and III only.
d. I, II and III.
Pages 191-193
12. Which of the following is true of the industrial revolution?
a. Humans were no longer vulnerable to environmental changes.
b. It led to an even distribution of wealth throughout society.
c. It involved harnessing new sources of energy from the earth.
d. It was based upon the practice of free trade.
Pages 180-181; 186
13. Between 1750 and 1900, the population of the world:
a. remained about the same.
b. rose fastest in countries experiencing industrialization.
c. rose at an even pass on all continents.
d. rose rapidly between 1750 and 1850 then returned to its 1800 level by 1900
Page 178, map
13. Which of the following statements most accurately reflects historians’ understanding of China’s economy about the mid-1700’s?
a. China’s economic markets were about as free and open as European ones.
b. China’s internal canal system impeded industrialization.
c. Chinese philosophy did not respect science.
b. Chinese markets were under heavy government supervision thus inhibiting industrialization.
Page 184
14. The industrial working class in the early years of the Industrial Revolution:
a. did not include any women
b. excluded children under the age of 18 from the labor force
c. worked long hours under dangerous conditions
d. successfully organized unions to achieve an eight-hour workday by 1827
Pages 188-191
15. Marxists proposed the theory that:
a. state officials are neutral referees in conflicts among individuals
b. absolute monarchy was the breeding ground of fascism
c. State mechanisms are controlled by economic elites
d. a return to mercantilism would get Europe out of the “capitalist trap.”
Pages 191-193
16. The Taiping Rebellion in China contributed to:
a. calls for reforms to modernize China
b. abdication by the Qing Dynasty
c. adoption of a communist economy
d. religious freedom.
Page 196-197
17. One outgrowth of nineteenth century European conflict was
a. the collapse of the Russian Empire in the 1860s.
b. humanitarian agencies to care for victims of war.
c. formation of a League of Nations.
d. a binding agreement on trade relations with African nations.
Page 198
18. In 1860, in the United States about four million people out of a population of 31 million were
a. Irish immigrants
b. women
c. child miners
d. slaves
Page 198
19. Born in China, Yung Wing attended Yale College; married an American woman; became a naturalized US citizen and
a. joined the Union Army in the Civil War
b. fought for the Confederacy in the US Civil War
c. was exiled from the US because of his race
d. fought for the US in World War I
Page 200
20. For many political leaders, industrialization magnified the importance of:
a. the self-strengthening movement.
b. investing in new military technology.
c. creating egalitarian social programs.
d. disarmament.
Page 199
Essay Questions:
1. Explain the impact of industrialization on different sectors of the global labor force.
2. Explain the impact of industrialization on the global balance of power in the nineteenth century.
3. Compare and contrast the observations of industrialization, and predictions about the future, made during the first half of the nineteenth century.
Chapter 8 Instructor Test Bank
1. The 1840 World Antislavery Conference in London and the 1848 Seneca Falls, New York Convention on women’s rights were inspired by
a. Marx’s Communist Manifesto
b. Enlightenment ideals of freedom & equality
c. the benefits of industrialization
d. Malthus’ Essay on Population.
Page 203-205
2. The idea of “modernity” presented at world’s fairs included messages about:
I. prosperity
II. efficiency
III. progress
a. I and II.
b. II and III.
c. I and III.
d. I, II and III.
Page 205
3. Marx believed that the most important factor in individual identity was:
a. religion.
b. nationality
c. race
d. economic class
Pages 206-207
4. Which of the following is true of Great Britain in the nineteen century?
I. It experienced labor violence.
II. Parliament expanded the number of voters.
III. It experienced a communist revolt.
IV. It fought wars in China and India.
a. I and II only
b. II and III
c. I, II and III
d. I, II and IV
Pages 207-209
5. The consolidation of ________________ as nation-states in the second half of the nineteenth century threw off Europe’s balance of power?
a. Britain and Ireland
b. Germany and Italy
c. Russia and Turkey
d. Italy and Hungary
Pages 209-213.
6. Reformers such as Guillermo Prieto of Mexico (1818-1897) and Domingo Sarmiento of Argentina (1811-1888) believed in:
a. international communism as the key to the future..
b. liberalism as the key to national progress.
c. state socialism as a remedy to inequality.
d. maintaining a separate judicial system for indigenous peoples.
Page 216
7. By the end of the 19th century, countries like Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina:
a. had become major exporters of steel.
b. remained isolated from the global economy due to lack of demand for their products.
c. were losing population to European countries.
d. provided foodstuffs and raw materials to the world's industrial economies.
Page 223
8. Most historians who study the history of indentured servants from Asia in the nineteenth century agree that the phenomenon:
a. had little impact on global labor markets.
b. declined after the abolition of the international slave trade.
c. shared some characteristics with slavery.
d. was more important in manufacturing than in agriculture.
Page 220
9. World’s fairs were events where:
a. nations displayed their latest inventions and products to promote trade.
b. statesmen met to discuss increasing the fairness of colonial administration.
c. the fundamental equality of all humans was readily on display.
d. world leaders met to tackle global health issues.
Pages 225-228
10. The British Corn Laws were designed to
a. increase the flow of maize to Ireland during the potato famine.
b. increase trade with the USA by exchanging corn imports for cotton exports.
c. help British landowners maintain profits by restricting grain imports.
d. deny food to European rivals during the Napoleonic wars.
Pages 208
11. The Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire included all of the following EXCEPT:
a. creation of a stock market.
b. infrastructure improvements such as railroad and telegraph lines.
c. implementing universal suffrage.
d. creation of a central banking system.
Page 211-213
12. During the second half of the nineteenth century the United States of America experienced all of the following EXCEPT:
a. infrastructure improvements such as transcontinental railroads.
b. the abolition of slavery.
c. extension of voting rights to African-American men.
d. extension of voting rights to women.
pages 217-219.
13. Latin American republics in the late nineteenth century may be described as “oligarchic” because:
a. indigenous oligarchies controlled significant resources.
b. abundant petroleum resources led to creation of distribution oligopolies .
c. slavery persisted in the region until the twentieth century.
d. corruption, fraud, and coercion limited political power to small groups of elites.
Page 216.
14. Which of the following best describes Japan’s history in the nineteenth century?
a. The Japanese government attempted to blend western modernization with Japanese institutions.
b. Japan accepted the establishment of colonial outposts of European countries and the United States on its soil.
c. Russia gained a monopoly on the use of Japanese ports as military bases.
d. China conquered Japan in retaliation for Japan’s attack on Korea.
Pages 213- 215.
15. An international conference was held in Washington, DC, in 1884 for the purpose of:
a. acknowledging territorial concessions won by the United States during a war with Mexico.
b. negotiating a trade agreement with Japan and China following Commodore Matthew Perry’s visits.
c. establishing a standardized international system of time keeping.
d. ending the international slave trade.
Page 224
16. Conditions in England during the industrial revolution led workers to:
a. reject nationalism.
b. migrate by the millions to South Asia.
c. stage a Marxist Revolution.
d. agitate for expansion of the suffrage.
Page 208
17. During the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese government:
a. closed Japanese ports to western trade
b. created a conscription law to modernize the army
c. closed Tokyo University
d. made new concessions to Japan’s ancient samurai class
Pages 214-215
18. The world’s fairs in Philadelphia (1876) and Paris (1889):
a. failed to attract media attention.
b. served as centennial celebrations for revolutions against monarchy.
c. prohibited overt expressions of nationalism.
d. were boycotted by England.
Pages 225-226.
19. The abolition of slavery in the Western hemisphere coincided with:
a. an increase in migration of indentured laborers from China, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific islands.
b. the industrialization of Africa.
c. rising wages for the hemisphere’s indigenous workers.
d. automation of sugar cane harvesting.
Pages 219-220
20. One of the major characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution was:
a. the growing use of solar power in industry.
b. a decrease in agricultural productivity.
c. a movement of population from urban to rural areas.
d. the growth in number and variety of goods available for personal consumption.
Pages 221-222
Essay questions
Compare the processes of modernization in Italy, Germany and Japan. How did these events threaten the status quo?
2. Define the key characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution. What were the most important impacts of this phenomenon on human populations and the notion of modern statehood?
3. How did events and trends during this era alter the relationship between citizens and states in different parts of the world?
Chapter 9 Instructor Test Bank
1. One of the key characteristics of the “new imperialism” of the late nineteenth century was that:
a. imperial powers asked permission before entering into colonial relationships.
b. imperial powers had more resources with which to control their colonies.
c. indigenous populations were less likely to resist imperial powers.
d. Great Britain pledged to withdraw any colonial possessions within twenty years of taking control.
Page 234
2. Which of the following was a target of Japanese imperial aggression in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
a. The Philippine Islands.
b. Indonesia.
c. Korea.
d. Hawaii.
Page 245.
3. During the rubber boom of the late nineteenth century, the French established rubber plantations in:
a. The Philippine Islands.
b. Indochina.
c. Korea.
d. Hawaii.
Page 256
4. Which of the following was annexed to the United States at the end of the Spanish-American War?
a. The Philippine Islands.
b. Indonesia.
c. Korea.
d. Hawaii.
e. Hong Kong.
Page 238
5. Which of the following territories was NOT controlled by the British in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
a. India
b. Hong Kong
c. Burma
d. Ethiopia
Page 232 map
6. Which of the following did NOT have colonial claims in Africa in the early twentieth century?
a. Portugal
b. France
c. Belgium
d. Japan
Page 232 map
7. European authors and politicians justified imperialism with the argument that:
a. they needed access to new markets
b. they were engaged in a competition for survival
c. they were obliged to help civilize other societies
d. A and B only
e. All of the above
Pages 235-237
8. Anarcho-syndicalism was a resistance movement of
a. radical laborers and intellectuals in industrial states
b. indigenous resistance movements to new imperialists
c. Japanese reformers leading the Meiji Revolution
d. South African diamond miners who thought the wealth should stay in Africa.
Pages 250-251
9. Belgian imperialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries focused on:
a. South Africa.
b. Morocco
c. Congo.
d. Angola.
Page 232 map.
10. The Congo Free State was under the control of :
A. Queen Victoria.
B. Otto von Bismarck.
C. King Leopold II
D. Giuseppe Mazzini
Page 239
11. The Ghost Dancers, Maji-Maji, and Boxers:
a. employed local customs and traditions as part of their resistance movements.
b. received military support from Germany.
c. defied the Geneva Conventions.
d. supported the Congo Free State.
Pages 240, 250, 255 – 257.
12. At the turn of the twentieth century, _____________________ provided more than half of the foreign investment in Latin America.
a. the United States.
b. Spain.
c. Great Britain.
d. domestic sources.
Page 255
13. In the 1870s and 1880s, Otto von Bismarck invited other leaders to Berlin to discuss:
a. Africa and China.
b. Africa and Southeastern Europe.
c. China and Japan.
d. the freedom of the seas.
Page 231
14. Recent research on the Sino-Japanese War:
a. disputes the idea that China lost because Japan was more modern.
b. questions whether Japan really won the war.
c. exposes Russia’s clandestine support of China.
d. reveals the importance of Korean neutrality.
Pages 245-247
15. The theories of Charles Darwin and Sigmund Freud:
a. reinforced beliefs in the perfectability of human rationality.
b. challenged notions of humans’ unique place in the world.
c. undermined global capitalism.
d. were warmly embraced by religious leaders.
Pages 251-252
16. During the second half of the nineteenth century, the economies of Latin America:
a. achieved stability through industrialization.
b. benefitted from increased direct trade with independent African countries.
c. received little investment from outside.
d. experienced wild fluctuations between boom and bust.
Page 256
17. The self-strengthening movement:
a. was begun by Emma Goldman.
b. merged practical Western ideas with traditional Chinese values.
c. helped Menelik II maintain Ethiopian independence.
d. overturned three hundred years of Ming orthodoxy.
Pages 244-245
18. Menelik II, ruler of _______________, was able to preserve one of the few autonomous states in Africa through the end of the nineteenth century.
a. Siam
b. Angola
c. Morocco
d. Ethiopia
Pages 239-240
19. Social Darwinists argued that ______________________ was a demonstration of survival of a. self-strengthening
b. imperialism
c. anarchosyndicalism
d. industrialization
Page 237
20. The Congo Reform Association:
a. presented photographs and other evidence of atrocities in the Belgian Congo.
b. supported the Berlin Conference of 1884.
c. opposed efforts to import Brazilian rubber to Belgium.
d. financed the first investments in rubber plantations in central Africa.
Pages 240-242
Essay questions:
1. Using examples from different regions, describe movements against the trends of “modernization” as they were practiced in the second half of the nineteenth century, In your answer, please consider movements in colonial settings as well as those within more industrialized areas.
2. Compare and contrast imperial incursions in Asia with those mounted in Africa in the second half of the nineteenth century.
3. How were the ideas of “order and progress” challenged by events and ideas of this era? From where do the challenges emerge? What, if any, long term consequences ensued from those challenges?
Chapter 10 Instructor Test Bank
1. If the aftermath of the Great War, Japan made a series of demands on _________ for economic and military concessions.
a. Germany.
b. Russia
c. Turkey
d. China
Page 281
2. Which of the following Empires ceased to exist as a result of World War I?
a. The British and German.
b. The Ottoman and Chinese.
c. The Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian.
d. The US and Japanese.
Page 274.
3. The leader of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia was
a. Karl Marx.
b. Benito Mussolini.
c. Vladimir Lenin
d. Frederick Engels.
Page 283
4. The opening of the Panama Canal led to
a. More interference by the USA in Caribbean and Central American politics.
b. Faster communication between Great Britain and its Asian colonies.
c. More trade between the Chinese and South American west coast.
d. Increased African-South American trade.
Page 280
5. One of the driving issues that sparked World War I was:
a. economic interdependence.
b. constitutional government.
c. nationalism.
d. the growth of world communism.
Pages 267-268
6. Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Great War (1914-1918), later called World War I?
I. Nationalistic rivalries between European Empires.
II. The Boxer Rebellion in China against western aggression.
III. An arms race accelerated by industrialism.
IV. A geo-strategic rivalry the between the Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires in southeastern Europe.
a. I, II, and III only.
b. I, III, and IV only.
c. II, III, and IV only.
d. I, II, III, and IV.
Pages 267-271.
7. Which of the following is true of the first two decades of the twentieth century?
I. Military expenditures by industrialized European nations rose dramatically.
II. Naval power was considered essential to great power status.
III. Imperial rule collapsed in both China and Russia.
a. I, II, and III.
b. II and III only.
c. I and III only.
d. I and III only.
Pages 263-265
8. Which of the following is true regarding the war between Russia and Japan (1904-1905)?
a. China was forced to concede strategic ports to the Japanese.
b. Russia’s military size made it easy to defeat Japan and seize the main islands.
c. It was ended by the Treat of Portsmouth (New Hampshire) brokered by President Theodore Roosevelt.
d. The people of Japan celebrated their victory with massive celebrations in Tokyo’s Hibiya Park.
Page 259
9. The Influence of Sea Power upon History argued that:
a. air power was about to supersede naval power as the main instrument of war.
b. naval power was the determinant for major power success in the early modern period.
c. the heritage of Zheng He would lead China to return as a naval power in the twentieth century.
d. land-based armies were no longer necessary for military success.
Page 262-263
10. The “Bloody Sunday” massacre occurred in the context of:
a. protests over economic conditions and military setbacks in Russia.
b. the aftermath of the Sino-Japanese War in Beijing.
c. labor violence in the United States during the Homestead Steel Strike.
d. the Fascist march on Rome led by Benito Mussolini.
Page 264
11. Which of the following were described as the Three Principles of the People by Sun Yat-sen?
a. Nationalism, Confucianism, and Socialism.
b. Democracy, Dynasty, and Socialism.
c. Confucianism, Communism, and Imperialism.
d. Nationalism, Democracy and Welfare of the People.
Page 265
12. The major beneficiaries of Mexico’s economic strategy between 1870 and 1910 were:
a. foreign and domestic investors.
b. indigenous peasants.
c. copper miners and textile workers.
d. small farmers.
Page 266
13. The Mexican and Chinese Revolutions of the early decades of the twentieth century:
a. ended swiftly.
b. overthrew democratically elected governments.
c. led to more than a decade of civil war.
d. opened the way towards colonization by outside powers.
Page 266
14. Which of the following contributed to making World War I a “total war”?
I. Bombing raids on enemy cities that were supporting the war effort.
II. Newspaper, newsreel, and other media propaganda to keep up civilian support.
III. A virtual government take-over of the economies in belligerent countries.
IV. General recruitment of women to serve in combat roles for the first time in history.
a. I, II, and III only
b. II and III only.
c. III and IV only.
d. II, III, and IV only.
Pages 262-264; 267-271
15. The suffering caused by the Great War contributed to:
a. the outbreak of the Russian Revolution.
b. the development of atomic weapons.
c. the creation of the United Nations Organization.
d. the dissolution of the British and French overseas empires.
Page 283-285
16. The precipitating event leading to World War I was:
a. the Russian Revolution
b. the sinking of the Lusitania
c. the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne
d. Germany’s invasion of France.
Page 267
17. Fascism as a political movement rests on the importance of:
a. individual liberty.
b. individual loyalty to the state.
c. independent thought.
d. hereditary rule.
Pages 286-287
18. Which of the following suffered the LEAST damage from the Great War?
a. Germany and the Ottoman Empire.
b. Russia and China.
c. England and France.
d. Japan and the United States.
Page 275
19. Historians sometimes use literature as a way to:
a. undermine the arguments of those with whom they disagree.
b. underpin the objectivity of historical evidence.
c. understand something about the spirit of a time period.
d. approximate the complexity of an event.
Page 286
20. In “Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism,” Lenin argued that:
a. capitalism would create circumstances for its own destruction.
b. the spread of industrialization will benefit the entire world.
c. imperialism is the only way to spread industrialization to so-called backward regions.
d. workers benefit from globalization in the long term.
Pages 283-284
Essay Questions:
How did the events of 1905-1928 influence the way different individuals and groups around the word think about the future of global relations?
2. Compare and contrast the nature of global warfare in the first decades of the twentieth century with that of the second half of the eighteenth century discussed in Chapter 5.
3. Optimists hoped that the experiences of 1914-1918 would yield a “war to end (future) wars.” To this end, what major global issues were discussed after the war’s conclusion, and what solutions were derived to address these issues?
Chapter 11 Instructor Test Bank
1. Following World War I, the League of Nations placed the future of most of the Middle East under the control of:
a. Russia, Turkey, and Egypt
b. The United States and Russia
c. Communist movements within their own national borders
d. France and Great Britain.
Page 292
2. The Wafd (Delegation) Party supported:
a. a Jewish homeland in Palestine
b. self-determination for Egypt and an end to British occupation
c. equal rights for women
d. the Sykes-Picot Agreement.
Page 289
3. In the 1920s, the Communist International supported the foreign policy of:
a. France
b. Italy.
c. Germany.
d. the USSR.
Page 295
4. The May Fourth Movement grew out of:
a. a communist uprising in Japan
b. a sense that China had been betrayed by the Western powers.
c. Ho Chi Minh’s resistance against the French
d. respect for Lenin’s achievements in Russia.
Page 295
5. Japan’s relationship to France during World War II was:
a. one of neutrality as they shared a mutual interest in Indochina.
b. one of support as they were both opposed to China’s rising communist party.
c. one of belligerence as Japan invaded French possessions in Vietnam and Laos.
d. one of close financial ties between French investors and Japanese shipbuilders.
Page 309
6. Which of the following were responses by leaders and governments to the economic turmoil of the early 1930s?
a. Communists proposed a centrally planned economy.
b. Fascists proposed a European common market.
c. Liberal democratic states reduced state interventions in economic activities.
d. Latin American militaries turned government control over to civilians.
Page 298-302
7. In response to the “Great Depression” of the 1930s, most countries in the world decided to _________ the gold standard.
a. adopt
b. abandon
c. strengthen
d. enforce
Page 302-303, map page 302
8. In the early days of the Great Depression, many countries ______ tariffs in an effort to protect their domestic industries and employment, but the effort failed.
a. abandoned
b. reduced
c. suspended
d. raised
Page 304
9. Adolf Hitler and the Nazis blamed Germany’s economic woes on:
a. a fictional international conspiracy against Germany.
b. a post-war retreat from international cooperation.
c. Weimar reluctance to adopt communist economic planning.
d. all of the above
Page 304
10. Spain in the mid-1930s:
a. allied with the United States after final reconciliation of the Spanish-American War.
b. allied with Ethiopia to resist an Italian invasion.
c. engaged in a Civil War that would be won by fascists.
d. became a founding member of the Communist International.
Page 305-306
11. One response by Japan to the upheavals of the 1930s was
a. withdrawing troops from China
b. forming the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
c. signing the Trans-Pacific Partnership
d. creating a non-aggression pact with the USSR.
Page 307
12. During the 1930s, Chiang Kai-Shek’s New Life Movement:
a. embraced the Communist Party
b. insisted on liberal solutions to China’s political problems.
c. drove Japan from the Asian mainland.
d. took on many aspects of fascism.
Page 308
13. Which of the following events pivotal in shaping the outcome of World War II took place in 1941?
a. The German invasion of Poland and Stalin’s invasion of Ukraine.
b. The Japanese attacks on Pearl Harbor and Chongqing.
c. The German invasion of the USSR and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
d. Italy’s surrender and the triumph of Franco in Spain.
Page 309
14. Residents of Britain’s colony in ________ died by the millions due to a famine during World War II.
a. Hong Kong
b. India
c. Kenya
d. Vietnam
Page 313
15. The leaders of the Indian National Congress:
a. provided troops to support Franco in the Spanish Civil War.
b. insisted that independence was the price England should pay for Indian support during World War II.
c. supported the Hitler-Stalin Non-Aggression Pact.
d. deferred aspirations for independence until after the formation of the United Nations.
Pages 312
16. Which of the following characterized Burma during the World War II era?
a. Great Britain granted Burma independence after Japan invaded China.
b. Many Burmese joined an armed movement formed by the Japanese to fight British imperialism.
c. Burmese political leaders unanimously rejected the “Asia for Asiatics” movement.
d. General Aung San returned to Burma from exile in London after the bombing of Hiroshima.
Page 313
17. Between World War I and World War II, fascist movements:
a. were limited to Italy and Germany.
b. rejected both communism and liberalism.
c. had no influence outside of Europe.
d. lost momentum as a result of the global economic collapse.
Pages 304-305
18. The New Deal under Franklin Roosevelt:
a. refinanced German debts to make them more reasonable and balance the global economy
b. gave the Japanese important materials to try to avoid their aggressive military moves
c. took over the stock market to save it from a dangerous collapse
d. initiated social welfare programs to support vulnerable members of American society.
Page 301
19. In the late 1930s, Mexico __________ its oil industries.
a. privatized
b. allowed foreign investors to buy
c. nationalized
d. suspended operations of
Page 303
20. Adolf Hitler, like Benito Mussolini,:
a. first came to power through constitutional processes.
b. was educated in a French university.
c. opposed Spain’s Francisco Franco.
d. supported the League of Nations.
Page 305
Essay Questions
1. What questions regarding the global economy needed to be addressed following World War I? What steps were taken to address the problems?
2. Compare and contrast responses to the economic crisis of 1920s-1930s in Europe, Asia, and the Western hemisphere?
3. Compare and contrast fascism and communism as modern political ideologies. In what ways are they similar and what ways are they different, with particular reference to their respective relationships to liberalism.
Chapter 12 Instructor Test Bank
1. In planning for a post-World War II order, the victorious Allies agreed on:
a. a plan for territorial aggrandizement.
b. securing the empires of the winning European states.
c. opposing a resurgence of fascism.
d. positioning themselves in a unified front to eradicate communism.
Pages 320-321
2. Seeking to avoid a repeat of the economic disorder following World War I, in 1944 Allied leaders met in ___________ to discuss the global financial order.
a. Accra, Ghana
b. Bretton Woods, New Hampshire
c. Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine
d. Teheran, Iran
Page 321
3. Which of the following countries was not physically divided in the Cold War between communist and non-communist states?
a. Germany
b. Korea
c. Vietnam
d. Angola
Pages 322, 325, 327, 332, 333
4. After World War II, violent wars of independence erupted in each of the following places EXCEPT:
a. Algeria
b. Costa Rica
c. Dutch East Indies
d. Congo
Page 324
5. The largest Jewish ghetto created in Nazi-occupied Europe was in the city of:
a. Accra
b. Geneva
c. Berlin
d. Warsaw
Page 317
6. Most political leaders assumed that the key to sustained economic growth in the post-World War II era was:
a. economic nationalism.
b. industrialization.
c. agricultural diversification.
d. limited financial markets.
Page 336
7. The European Recovery Program was:
a. designed by the Communist International to filter aid through national Communist Parties.
b. a military aid package for members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
c. a United States economic aid package to rehabilitate European infrastructures.
d. compensation provided to new nations formed from European decolonization agreements.
Page 336
8. Under President Harry Truman, the United States developed a policy of ____________________ with regards to communism.
a. aggressive retaliation.
b. containment.
c. appeasement.
d. curtailment.
Pages 322, 325
9. The Holocaust refers to:
a. the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
b. the fire bombing raids on Dresden
c. Stalin's Purges
d. the murder of six million Jews, Romani, Homosexuals, and other minorities.
Pages 316, 319, 323
10. Import Substitution Industrialization uses __________________ as a way to spur growth of domestic industry.
a. tariff barriers and other government policies.
b. free trade agreements.
c. Communist Party functionaries.
d. comparative advantages in labor costs.
Page 337
11. Export Led Industrialization uses ______________________ as a way to spur growth of domestic industry.
a. tariff barriers and other government policies.
b. free trade agreements.
c. Communist Party functionaries.
d. comparative advantages in labor costs.
Page 337
12. In the early 1950s, governments in both ___________________________ were overthrown with support from the United States.
a. Iraq and Iran
b. Costa Rica and Cuba
c. Guatemala and Iran
d. Iran and Costa Rica
Pages 333-334
13. The Mau Rebellion was:
a. an East African uprising against British control.
b. a Filipino uprising against American control.
c. an Angolan uprising against Portuguese control.
d. a Vietnamese uprising against French control.
Pages 331-333
14. The Bretton Woods Accords of 1944 laid the foundation for:
a. the Communist International
b. the International Monetary Fund
c. the Non-aligned Movement
d. the Partition of India
Page 321
15. Although the US and USSR never engaged in direct armed confrontation during the Cold War, each provided military aid to opposing sides in armed confrontations in:
a. Japan and Korea.
b. India and Saudi Arabia.
c. Vietnam and Angola.
d. Mexico and Canada.
Page 318-319, 326
16. Mohandas Gandhi rejected the idea that ________________ was a prerequisite for order and stability.
a. religious pluralism
b. industrialization
c. non-violence
d. non-alignment
Page 328
17. Upon independence in 1947, British India was partitioned into two countries, called India and _________________.
a. Pakistan
b. Burma
c. Afghanistan
d. Nepal
Page 328
18. To protect their interests in the Suez Canal in 1956, Great Britain and France:
a. established the nation-state of Israel.
b. supported a coup d’etat in Saudi Arabia.
c. sent military aid to Ethiopia.
d. invaded Egypt.
Page 332
19. A conference in Bandung, Indonesia in 1955:
a. launched the Pan-African movement.
b. established the World Bank.
c. launched the Non-Aligned Movement.
d. formalized Indonesian independence from the Dutch.
Page 338
20. Protest movements in both _______________________ were suppressed by Soviet troops during the Cold War.
a. Cuba and Czechoslovakia
b. Syria and Iran
c. Ukraine and Indonesia
d. Czechoslovakia and Hungary
Pages 334, 341
Essay Questions
1. What pitfalls and failures following World War I were the victors trying to avoid after World War II? What steps were actually taken? Assess the strengths and weaknesses the steps taken.
2. Discuss the nature of the Cold War in terms of the respective adversaries’ foreign policies and relationships with newly independent states.
3. Compare and contrast post-war economic development strategies. Citing specific examples, what were the opportunities and pitfalls in adopting different approaches to industrialization?
Chapter 13 Instructor Test Bank
1. In 1995, an idea first discussed at the Bretton Woods conference in July of 1944 emerged as the:
a. United Nations.
b. World Trade Organization.
c. the Internet.
d. European Common Market.
Page 362
2. In the 1970s, OPEC attempted to:
a. shift the relationship between oil producers and consumers.
b. reduce global dependence on petroleum
c. join the United Nations.
d. support US foreign policy in the Middle East.
Page 349
3. Poland’s Solidarity Movement in the early 1980s:
a. challenged the power of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe.
b. lobbied for the election of a Polish Pope.
c. was the beginning of the Arab Spring.
d. prevented the union of East and West Germany.
Pages 352-353
4. In the early twenty-first century, China and India together account for approximately one-third of the world’s:
a. economic output.
b. carbon footprint.
c. service industries.
d. population.
Page 366
5. Which of the following is true about Deng Xiaoping, the Chinese successor to Mao Zedong?
I. He annexed Taiwan to create one China.
II. He opened the Chinese economy for international trade.
III. He suppressed movements to open the political system toward democratic reforms.
a. I and II only.
b. I and III only.
c. II and III only.
d. I, II, and III.
Page 354
6. The reforms known as glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union were introduced by:
a. Leonid Brezhnev.
b. Vladimir Putin.
c. Ronald Reagan.
d. Mikhail Gorbachev.
Page 353
7. In the 1990s, the country of Rwanda experienced:
a. decolonization.
b. genocide.
c. the world’s fastest economic growth rate.
d. rapid industrialization.
Page 357
8. The “standard narrative” about the end of the Cold War gives significant credit to the roles played by:
a. Truman, Stalin, and Mao
b. Reagan, Gorbachev, and John Paul II
c. Kagan, Nye, and Cohen
d. Nixon, Brezhnev, and Khomeini
Page 355
9. The 1979 Iranian revolution was a signal that
a. the Cold War was ending.
b. the power of the Oil Producing and Exporting Countries (OPEC) was waning.
c. fundamentalist Islam was a rising political force.
d. US influence in the Middle East was growing.
Page 350
10. Two rival nuclear powers in South Asia are:
a. Iran and Afghanistan
b. Pakistan and Bangladesh
c. India and Burma
d. India and Pakistan
Page 347
11. The rapprochement between the United States and the People’s Republic of China was:
a. the end of the Cold War.
b. an acceptance by the US of communist ideology.
c. an act of political realism.
d. orchestrated by the USSR to have China mediate disputes with the US.
Page 346
12. Which of the following was part of Mikhail Gorbachev’s reform program for the Soviet Union?
a. a space based missile defense program to counter the American military buildup
b. opening internal policy debates and institutional restructuring
c. charging up the economy as Stalin had done in the 1930s in order to compete with China
d. maintaining the Communist Party in Eastern Europe but under free elections
Page 353
13. Which of the following events most accurately reflects Francis Fukuyama’s “End of History” thesis?
a. the values of western liberal democracy were becoming universal.
b. China and India’s air pollution problems were threatening to end the human race.
c. Al Qaeda’s attacks on the United States demonstrated the absurdity of studying history.
d. China’s emergence as an economic power signaled a return to the biological old regime.
Page 357
14. At the time of President Richard Nixon’s visit to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1972:
a. the PRC was the world’s largest exporter of steel.
b. the PRC and the Soviet Union were about to form a mutual defense pact.
c. the PRC and the US did not have official diplomatic relations.
d. the PRC was on the verge of developing nuclear weapons technology.
Page 343
15. Protest movements in China in 1989:
a. led to significant democratic reforms.
b. were orchestrated by the Communist Party.
c. inspired the resignation of Deng Xiaoping.
d. were brutally repressed.
Page 354
16. The European Union:
a. was disbanded in 2015.
b. does not address issues beyond economic integration of its member states.
c. has been called into question by Great Britain’s decision to leave the organization.
d. has not admitted new members since the end of the Cold War.
Page 361
17. According to the United Nations Human Development Index, a global measure for quality of life issues, which of the following is true?
I. Between 1970 and 2010, life expectancy generally increased globally.
II. Between 1970 and 2010, the wealth gap between rich and poor decreased.
III. Between 1970 and 2010, education became more available.
a. I and II only.
b. I and III only.
d. II and III only.
d. I, II, and III.
Page 367
18. In 1979, Soviet troops were deployed in an attempt to shore up a communist government in:
a. Iran
b. Vietnam
c. Iraq
d. Afghanistan
Page 351
19. The global economic crisis of 2008:
a. had an uneven impact around the world.
b. had a particularly negative effect in China and India.
c. had little effect on employment rates in Europe.
d. destroyed the BRICS coalition.
Pages 364-365
20. In the 1970s, the governments of South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia:
a. denounced US intervention in the Middle East.
b. established a free trade agreement with China.
c. joined OPEC.
d. fell to communist insurgencies.
Page 347.
Essay Questions:
1. Compare and contrast competing ideas about the forces that brought an end to the Soviet Union and the Cold War. Based on your study of history broadly, which arguments do you find most persuasive? Why?
2. At the end of the Cold War, many observers of global affairs anticipated that a “peace dividend” would materialize. Why do you think that idea would have currency? Why did it not materialize?
3. Construct a cost-benefit analysis of the global political and economic order that emerged in the early twenty-first century. What are the major advances of the past half-century? What are the most pressing global challenges to emerge? What are the most promising solutions to those challenges?
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