Test Bank Docx The Musculoskeletal System — Orthopedics Ch.4

Acquiring Medical Language, 2e (Jones)

Chapter 4 The Musculoskeletal System — Orthopedics

1) Choose the correct translation for the root ankyl/o.

A) Arm

B) Ankle

C) Joint

D) Stiff, bent

E) Wrist

2) Choose the correct translation for the root tars/o.

A) Arm

B) Ankle

C) Joint

D) Stiff, bent

E) Wrist

3) Choose the correct translation for the root lumb/o.

A) Femur

B) Head, skull

C) Loin, lower back

D) Neck

E) Vertebrate

4) Choose the correct translation for the root femor/o.

A) Femur

B) Head, skull

C) Loin, lower back

D) Neck

E) Vertebrate

5) Which of the following roots describes the fibrous connective tissue that binds muscles together?

A) burs/o  

B) cost/o

C) fasci/o

D) spondyl/o

E) tax/o

6) Which of the following roots describes the small fluid-filled sac found near the body's joints?

A) burs/o

B) cost/o

C) fasci/o

D) spondyl/o

E) tax/o

7) Which of the following roots does NOT pertain to a bone?

A) ankyl/o

B) brachi/o

C) cost/o

D) dactyl/o

E) spondyl/o

8) Which of the following roots refers to arrangement, order, coordination?

A) carp/o

B) kinesi/o

C) spondyl/o

D) tax/o

E) ton/o

9) Identify and define the root in the term metacarpectomy.

A) meta – after

B) carp – wrist

C) ec – out

D) ectomy – removal

E) tomy – incision

10) Identify and define the root(s) in the term spondyloarthropathy.

A) spondylo vertebra; arthro joint

B) spondylo vertebra

C) arthro joint

D) pathy disease

11) Identify and define the root(s) in the term craniosynostosis.

A) cranio - head, skull

B) cranio - head, skull; ost - bone

C) cranio - head, skull; synos - similar

D) osto - bone

E) syn - similar; os - bone

12) Identify and define the roots in the term ankylosing spondylitis.

A) ankylo stiff, bent; spondylo joint

B) ankylo joint; spondylo vertebra

C) ankylo stiff, bent; spondylo vertebra

D) ankylo vertebra; spondylo stiff, bent

E) ankylo vertebra; spondylo joint

13) Identify the correct pronunciation for the term costochondritis.

A) KAW-stoh-chon-DRAI-tis

B) KAW-stoh-kawn-DRAI-tis

C) SAW-stoh-chon-DRAI-tis

D) SAW-stoh-kawn-DRAI-tis

14) Identify the correct pronunciation for the term fasciorrhaphy.

A) fah-SHOR-ah-fee

B) fas-SHOR-ah-pee

C) fah-SHEE-or-ah-fee

D) fahs-kee-OR-ah-fee

E) fahs-kee-OR-ah-pee

15) Identify the correct pronunciation for the term spondylosis.

A) SPAWN-dai-law-sis

B) SPAWN-dih-LOH-sis

C) SPOWN-dai-LOH-sis

D) SPOWN-daw-lih-sis

E) SPOWN- dih-LOH-sis

16) Which syllable receives the emphasis in the medical term arthrogram?

A) Syllable 1: ar

B) Syllable 2: thro

C) Syllable 3: gram

17) Which syllable receives the emphasis in the medical term hypotonia?

A) Syllable 1: hy

B) Syllable 2: po

C) Syllable 3: to

D) Syllable 4: ni

E) Syllable 5: a

18) Break the medical term spondylodynia into its component parts.

A) spondylo/dynia

B) spon/dylo/dynia

C) spondy/lodyn/ia

D) spon/dylo/dyn/ia

E) spon/dyl/o/dy/ni/a

19) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term metatarsalgia into its component parts?

A) metatars/algia

B) meta/tars/algia

C) met/atarsal/gia

D) meta/tarsal/gia

E) met/a/tars/alg/ia

20) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cervicodynia?

A) cervico (ankle) + dynia (pain) = ankle pain

B) cervico (bone) + dynia (binding) = binding of the bone

C) cervico (neck) + dynia (pain) = neck pain

D) cervico (vertebra) + dynia (binding) = binding of the vertebra

E) cervico (wrist) + dynia (pain) = wrist pain

21) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term myasthenia?

A) my (joint) + asthenia (growth) = joint growth

B) my (muscle) + asthenia (pain) = muscle pain

C) my (muscle) + asthenia (weakness) = muscle weakness

D) my (joint) + asthen (growth) + ia (condition) = condition of joint growth

E) my (muscle) + asthen (pain) + ia (condition) = muscle pain

22) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term bradykinesia into its component parts?

A) brady (against) + kinesia (movement) = something working against movement

B) brady (bad) + kinesia (growth) = bad growth

C) brady (fast) + kinesia (movement) = fast movement

D) brady (good) + kinesia (growth) = good growth

E) brady (slow) + kinesia (movement) = slow movement

23) Which medical term means increased muscle tone or tightness?

A) Bradykinesia

B) Hyperkinesia

C) Hypertonia

D) Hypokinesia

E) Hypotonia

24) Which medical term means rib pain?

A) Arthralgia

B) Cervicodynia

C) Costalgia

D) Osteodynia

E) Tibialgia

25) Which medical term means involuntary contraction of the muscle?

A) Dyskinesia

B) Graphospasm

C) Hyperkinesia

D) Myalgia

E) Myospasm

26) Translate the medical term hyperkinesia as literally as possible.

A) Bad movement

B) Fast movement

C) Over movement

D) Slow movement

E) Under movement

27) Translate the medical term tibialgia as literally as possible.

A) Arm pain

B) Finger pain

C) Femur pain

D) Tendon pain

E) Tibia pain

28) Which is the medical term used to describe joint stiffness?

A) Ankylosis

B) Arthralgia

C) Arthrodynia

D) Crepitation

E) Dyskinesia

29) What is the medical term that describes writer's cramp?

A) Genu valgum

B) Genu varum

C) Graphospasm

D) Myospasm

E) Tenalgia

30) Which of the following does NOT describe a type of bone pain?

A) Costalgia

B) Ostalgia

C) Osteodynia

D) Tibialgia

E) Tenalgia

31) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term exostosis into its component parts?

A) ex/ostosis

B) exo/stosis

C) ex/ost/osis

D) exo/stos/is

E) ex/os/to/sis

32) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term hemarthrosis into its component parts?

A) hem/arthrosis

B) hemar/throsis

C) hem/arthr/osis

D) hemar/thros/is

E) hem/ar/thro/sis

33) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteosclerosis?

A) osteo (bone) + scler (growth) + osis (condition) = abnormal growth of bone

B) osteo (bone) + scler (hardening) + osis (condition) = abnormal hardening of bone

C) osteo (cartilage) + scler (pain) + osis (condition) = pain in the cartilage

D) osteo (joint) + scler (softening) + osis (condition) = abnormal softening of bone

E) osteo (muscle) + scler (weakening) + osis (condition) = muscle weakness

34) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hydrarthrosis?

A) hydr (blood) + arthr (cartilage) + osis (condition) = blood in the cartilage

B) hydr (blood) + arthr (joint) + osis (condition) = blood in a joint

C) hydr (pus) + arthr (cartilage) + osis (condition) = pus in the cartilage

D) hydr (water) + arthr (joint) + osis (condition) = water in a joint

E) hydr (water) + arthr (cartilage) + osis (condition) = water in the cartilage

35) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term polydactyly?

A) poly (few) + dactyl (arm) + y (condition) = missing an arm

B) poly (many) + dactyl (finger) + y (condition) = having more than the normal number of fingers

C) poly (one) + dactyl (arm) + y (condition) = a person with one arm

D) poly (together) + dactyl (finger) + y (condition) = fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers

E) poly (united) + dactyl (arm) + y (condition) = a person with one arm

36) Build a medical term that means "joint recording process," a procedure used to examine a joint.

A) Arthrocentesis

B) Arthrogram

C) Arthrography

D) Arthroscope

E) Arthroscopy

37) Build a medical term that means "puncture of a joint."

A) Arthrocentesis

B) Arthrogram

C) Arthrography

D) Arthroscope

E) Arthroscopy

38) Build a medical term that means "wrist inflammation."

A) Carpitis

B) Craniomalacia

C) Spondylitis

D) Spondylomalacia

E) Tarsoptosis

39) Translate the medical term osteolysis as literally as possible.

A) Bone death

B) Bone growth

C) Bone hardening

D) Bone loss

E) Bone softening

40) Translate the medical term myomalacia as literally as possible.

A) Muscle death

B) Muscle growth

C) Muscle hardening

D) Muscle loss

E) Muscle softening

41) Translate the term spondylitis as literally as possible.

A) Ankle pain

B) Finger condition

C) Tendon softening

D) Vertebra inflammation

E) Wrist hardening

42) Build a medical term that means "muscle tone."

A) Myocele

B) Myolysis

C) Myosclerosis

D) Myotasis

E) Myotonia

43) Build a medical term that means "poor bone development."

A) Osteodystrophy

B) Osteolysis

C) Osteomalacia

D) Osteonecrosis

E) Osteosclerosis

44) Which of the following is NOT true about the abbreviation CAT?

A) It breaks into axi (axis) + al (pertaining to) + tomo (cut) + graph (recording) + y (procedure).

B) It can also be abbreviated CT.

C) It is part of the treatment plan for patients.

D) It is an imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis.

E) It stands for "computed axial tomography."

45) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term spondylolysis into its component parts?

A) spondylo/lysis

B) spon/dylo/lysis

C) spondy/lolys/is

D) spon/dyl/olys/is

E) spon/dy/lo/ly/sis

46) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term osteochondroma into its component parts?

A) osteo/chondroma

B) osteo/chon/droma

C) osteo/chondr/oma

D) osteo/chon/dro/ma

E) os/te/o/chon/dro/ma

47) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteochondritis?

A) osteo (bone) + chondr (cartilage) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the bone and cartilage

B) osteo (bone) + chondr (cartilage) + itis (condition) = bone and cartilage condition

C) osteo (bone) + chondr (rib) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the rib bones

D) osteo (bone) + chondr (rib) + itis (condition) = condition of the rib bones

E) osteo (bone) + chondr (tendon) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the bone and tendon

48) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteoporosis?

A) osteo (bone) + por (deficiency) + osis (condition) = bone deficiency condition

B) osteo (bone) + por (disease) + osis (condition) = bone disease

C) osteo (bone) + por (nourishment) + osis (condition) = poor bone nourishment

D) osteo (bone) + por (pore) + osis (condition) = bone pore condition (loss of bone density)

E) osteo (bone) + por (pus) + osis (condition) = pus in the bone

49) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term spondyloarthropathy?

A) spondylo (cartilage) + arthro (joint) + pathy (disease) = disease of the cartilage in the joints

B) spondylo (head) + arthro (joint) + pathy (condition) = joint condition of the head

C) spondylo (neck) + arthro (joint) + pathy (disease) = joint disease of the neck

D) spondylo (tendon) + arthro (joint) + pathy (condition) = condition of the tendons in the joints

E) spondylo (vertebra) + arthro (joint) + pathy (disease) = joint disease of the vertebrae

50) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arthrodysplasia?

A) arthro (joint) + dys (against) + plasia (formation) = against joint formation (an agent preventing joint formation)

B) arthro (joint) + dys (bad) + plasia (formation) = bad joint formation (abnormal joint development)

C) arthro (joint) + dys (not) + plasia (structure) = bad joint structure

D) arthro (joint) + dys (out) + plasia (structure) = a joint that is out of place

E) arthro (joint) + dys (together) + plasia (structure) = a joint properly in place

51) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term polymyositis?

A) poly (few) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of a few muscles

B) poly (few) + myos (muscle) + itis (pain) = pain in a few muscles

C) poly (many) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of many muscles

D) poly (many) + myos (muscle) + itis (pain) = pain in many muscles

E) poly (one) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of a muscle

52) Build a medical term that means "tendon inflammation."

A) Arthritis

B) Bursitis

C) Dactylitis

D) Fasciitis

E) Tendonitis

53) Build a medical term that means "muscle disease."

A) Myoclonus

B) Myoma

C) Myopathy

D) Myosarcoma

E) Myositis

54) Build a medical term that means "muscle turmoil."

A) Myoclonus

B) Myoma

C) Myopathy

D) Myosarcoma

E) Myositis

55) Build a medical term that means "finger inflammation."

A) Arthritis

B) Bursitis

C) Dactylitis

D) Fasciitis

E) Tendonitis

56) Translate the medical term osteocarcinoma as literally as possible.

A) Bone cancer tumor

B) Bone death

C) Bone growth

D) Bone loss

E) Bone tumor

57) Translate the medical term chondro-osteodystrophy as literally as possible.

A) Bone-cancer-tumor: cancerous tumor of the bone

B) Bone-joint-inflammation: inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight

C) Cancer-bone-development: development of a cancerous tumor in the bone

D) Cartilage-bone-bad-nourishment: poor development of bones and cartilage

E) Marrow-bone-nourishment-condition: poor development of the bone marrow

58) Translate the medical term arthrocele as literally as possible.

A) Joint disease

B) Joint formation

C) Joint hardening

D) Joint hernia

E) Joint softening

59) A partial dislocation of a joint is known as a(n):

A) achondroplasia.

B) arthrodysplasia.

C) spinal stenosis.

D) spondylolisthesis.

E) subluxation.

60) The abnormal narrowing of the spine is called:

A) achondroplasia.

B) arthrodysplasia.

C) spinal stenosis.

D) spondylolisthesis.

E) subluxation.

61) The slipping or dislocation of a vertebra is known as:

A) achondroplasia.

B) arthrodysplasia.

C) spinal stenosis.

D) spondylolisthesis.

E) subluxation.

62) A disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease, is called:

A) osteochondritis.

B) osteogenesis imperfecta.

C) osteomalacia.

D) osteomyelitis.

E) osteoporosis.

63) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term myomectomy into its component parts?

A) myo/mectomy

B) myom/ectomy

C) my/om/ectomy

D) myo/mec/tomy

E) my/o/mec/to/my

64) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term sternotomy?

A) sterno (rib) + tomy (incision) = incision into the rib

B) sterno (rib) + tomy (removal) = removal of a rib

C) sterno (sternum) + tomy (incision) = incision into the sternum

D) sterno (sternum) + tomy (removal) = removal of the sternum

E) sterno (vertebra) + tomy (incision) = incision into the vertebra

65) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term tarsectomy?

A) tars (ankle) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the ankle

B) tars (ankle) + ectomy (removal) = removal of all or a portion of the ankle

C) tars (tendon) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the tendon

D) tars (wrist) + ectomy (removal) = removal of all or part of a wrist

E) tars (wrist) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the wrist

66) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arthrodesis?

A) arthro (joint) + desis (binding) = binding of a joint (surgical fixation of a joint)

B) arthro (joint) + desis (breaking) = breaking of a joint

C) arthro (joint) + desis (incision) = incision into a joint

D) arthro (joint) + desis (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a joint

E) arthro (joint) + desis (suture) = suture of a joint

67) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term chondroplasty?

A) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (binding) = binding of cartilage (surgical fixation of cartilage)

B) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (breaking) = breaking of cartilage

C) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (incision) = incision into cartilage

D) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (reconstruction) = reconstruction of cartilage

E) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (suture) = suture of cartilage

68) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term tenorrhaphy?

A) teno (tendon) + rrhaphy (binding) = binding of a tendon (surgical fixation of a tendon)

B) teno (tendon) + rrhaphy (breaking) = breaking of a tendon

C) teno (tendon) + rrhaphy (incision) = incision into a tendon

D) teno (tendon) + rrhaphy (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a tendon

E) teno (tendon) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of a tendon

69) Build a medical term that means "incision into fascia."

A) Fasciectomy

B) Fasciodesis

C) Fascioplasty

D) Fasciorrhaphy

E) Fasciotomy

70) Build a medical term that means "binding of a tendon."

A) Tendectomy

B) Tendoplasty

C) Tenodesis

D) Tenolysis

E) Tenonectomy

71) Build a medical term that means "muscle suture."

A) Myectomy

B) Myodesis

C) Myoplasty

D) Myorrhaphy

E) Myotomy

72) Build a medical term that means "joint breaking."

A) Arthrectomy

B) Arthroclasia

C) Arthrodesis

D) Artholysis

E) Arthroplasty

73) Translate the term bursotomy as literally as possible.

A) Incision into a bursa

B) Reconstruction of a bursa

C) Removal of a bursa

D) Surgical fixation of a bursa

E) Suture of a bursa

74) Translate the term tenolysis as literally as possible.

A) Binding of a tendon

B) Removal of a tendon

C) Freeing/loosening of a tendon

D) Surgical fixation of a tendon

E) Suture of a tendon

75) Translate the term fasciodesis as literally as possible.

A) Binding of a fascia

B) Breaking of a fascia

C) Freeing/loosening into a fascia

D) Surgical fixation of a fascia

E) Suture of a fascia

76) Translate the term craniectomy as literally as possible.

A) Incision into the skull

B) Reconstruction of the skull

C) Removal of portion of the skull

D) Surgical fixation of the skull

E) Suture of the skull

77) A drug that relieves pain is called a(n):

A) analgesic.

B) anti-arthritic.

C) anti-inflammatory.

D) anti-pyretic.

E) open reduction.

78) A drug that opposes fever is called a(n):

A) analgesic.

B) antiarthritic.

C) anti-inflammatory.

D) antipyretic.

E) open reduction.

79) If a physician uses a cast to fix a patient's broken arm, this is known as which type of treatment or therapy?

A) Antiarthritic

B) External fixation

C) Internal fixation

D) Open reduction

E) Prosthetic

80) Build a medical term that means the "removal of all or part of the wrist."

A) Bursectomy

B) Carpectomy

C) Chondrectomy

D) Fasciectomy

E) Tendectomy

81) Build a medical term that means the "removal of cartilage."

A) Bursectomy

B) Carpectomy

C) Chondrectomy

D) Fasciectomy

E) Tendectomy

82) What is the correct abbreviation for a fracture?

A) F

B) frac

C) Fx

D) TKR

E) Tx

83) Provide the correct translation for the abbreviation FROM.

A) Failing range of motion

B) Fracture, replacement, operation, motion

C) Fracture requiring operational medicine

D) Full range of motion

84) An ORIF is:

A) removal of a bone and replacing it with a prosthetic.

B) returning bones to their proper place by fixing a fractured bone from the inside (i.e., using screws, pins, plates, etc.).

C) returning bones to their proper place by fixing a fractured bone from the outside (i.e., using casts, splints, stabilizers, etc.).

D) the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e., using screws, pins, plates, etc.).

E) the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e., using casts, splints, stabilizers, etc.).

85) An EMG is most properly defined as a:

A) procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a bone.

B) procedure for measuring the electrical activity of the nerves.

C) record of the electrical activity of a bone.

D) record of the electrical activity of a muscle.

E) record of the electrical activity of the nerves.

86) Which of the following is NOT a correct abbreviation for referring to a ligament?

A) ACL

B) LCL

C) MCL

D) PCL

E) TCL

87) Which of the following is NOT an abbreviation pertaining to the vertebrae?

A) C1-C7

B) L1-L5

C) M1-M8

D) S1-S5

E) T1-T12

88) Read the information from the Orthopedic Consult note below:

Thank you for referring Mr. Samuels to my office. I saw him on March 3, 2017. Mr. Samuels has a 4-month history of increasing pain in his right distal femur. He first noticed pain after being kicked in the leg at a soccer game and was evaluated in your office 3 weeks later for persistent pain. There was a soft tissue mass in his distal femur that was tender to touch. An x-ray was performed to rule out a fracture or chronic osteomyelitis. The x-ray showed both osteolysis of the metaphysis and periosteal new bone formation. Labs were drawn including CBC, CPK, and ESR. He was referred to my office for further evaluation of the x-ray findings.

According to the note, which of the following statements is NOT true? 

A) An x-ray was performed to rule out a broken bone.

B) An x-ray was performed to rule out inflammation of the bone and bone marrow.

C) The x-ray showed bone loss in the metaphysis.

D) The x-ray showed new bone formation of the periosteum (the bone marrow, what is inside, the bone).

E) The x-ray showed new bone formation of the periosteum (the membrane covering, or around, the bone).

89) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

On exam, Mr. Samuels was a pleasant young man, well developed and well nourished, and in no acute distress. His lungs were clear and heart was regular in rate and rhythm. No murmurs were heard. Examination of his right leg revealed a significant soft tissue mass over his distal femur on the right. The mass was tender. He did not have any knee effusion. I reviewed the labs and x-ray. His findings were consistent with osteosarcoma.

Given this information, which of the following statements is TRUE? 

A) Mr. Samuels has a cancerous tumor originating in his knee joint.

B) Mr. Samuels has a soft tissue mass on his femur caused by a build-up of fluid in his knee.

C) Mr. Samuels has a soft tissue mass on the bottom part of his right femur.

D) Mr. Samuels has fluid build-up in his knee.

E) Mr. Samuels is experiencing an abnormal bone hardening on his right leg.

90) The following is the final paragraph in an Orthopedic Consult Note from Dr. Phyllis Sanchez, MD, FAAOS:

I discussed the next steps with Mr. Samuels and his family, including staging the tumor and scheduling a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. I discussed the surgery with Mr. Samuels and his family in the office. His tumor will likely require tumor resection with partial ostectomy of the femur with osteoplasty. I discussed the benefits of a metal endoprosthesis versus an allograft for the osteoplasty. Mr. Samuels is scheduled to return to my office 1 week following his biopsy to discuss the results.

Given this information, which of the following statements is NOT true? 

A) As part of his treatment plan, part of Mr. Samuel's femur will be removed and then reconstructed.

B) Dr. Sanchez prefers a metal device to replace some of the missing bone as opposed to taking some bone from another place on Mr. Samuel's body for the bone reconstruction.

C) Mr. Samuels has a bone disease that requires surgery.

D) Mr. Samuels has a tumor that will require surgery.

91) Which is NOT included in this patient's admission or discharge diagnosis?

Discharge Summary

Patient Name: Decker Macmillan

Date of Admission: 1/1/15

Date of Discharge: 1/4/15

Admission Diagnosis

1. Hypotonia

2. Lordosis

Discharge Diagnosis

1. Muscular dystrophy

2. Scoliosis 

A) Abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine

B) Abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine

C) Crooked back, or abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

D) Decrease in muscle tone or tightness

E) Disorder characterized by poor muscle development

92) Read this excerpt from the patient's discharge summary:

HPI

Decker Macmillan is an 8-year-old boy admitted directly to the pediatric floor for workup of chronic progressive hypotonia. His parents report they have noticed progressive weakness. Decker has had increasing difficulty running, jumping, and climbing stairs. His parents initially thought his problems were due to his asthma, but they noticed that he also had a waddling gait. They took him to their primary care provider, who referred him for evaluation. On admission, Decker denied any history of myalgia, arthrodynia, or dystaxia. His problem appeared to be limited to muscle tone.

According to this information, which of the following is part of the history of the present illness? 

A) Decrease in muscle tone or tightness

B) Joint pain

C) Muscle pain

D) Poor coordination

93) Read this excerpt from a patient's health record:

Hospital Course

Neuro: On admission exam, Decker was found to have mild lumbar lordosis, pseudohypertrophy of his calf muscles, and a waddling gait. He did not have any genu varum or genu valgus. No hyporeflexia was noted. The initial concern was a muscular dystrophy. Given a family history of polymyositis, that was considered as well. Decker's labs were consistent with muscular dystrophy. An electromyography showed myopathic changes. A muscle biopsy was then performed to help distinguish which of the muscular dystrophies the patient has. The results are pending.

CV: Cardiology was consulted, given the strong risk for developing cardiomyopathy.

Resp: No problems were seen throughout the hospital stay. Decker was educated in performing breathing exercises and also about the respiratory problems often seen later on in the condition.

Ortho: Orthopedic surgery was consulted for Decker's scoliosis.

Social: Much of the hospital stay focused on patient education.

Which of the following tests showed "myopathic changes"?

A) A record of the electrical activity of a muscle

B) Imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis

C) Procedure for looking into a muscle

D) Procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle

E) Procedure for studying muscles

94) Read this excerpt from a patient's health record:

Hospital Course

Neuro: On admission exam, Decker was found to have mild lumbar lordosis, pseudohypertrophy of his calf muscles, and a waddling gait. He did not have any genu varum or genu valgus. No hyporeflexia was noted. The initial concern was a muscular dystrophy. Given a family history of polymyositis, that was considered as well. Decker's labs were consistent with muscular dystrophy. An electromyography showed myopathic changes. A muscle biopsy was then performed to help distinguish which of the muscular dystrophies the patient has. The results are pending.

CV: Cardiology was consulted, given the strong risk for developing cardiomyopathy.

Resp: No problems were seen throughout the hospital stay. Decker was educated in performing on breathing exercises and also about the respiratory problems often seen later on in the condition.

Ortho: Orthopedic surgery was consulted for Decker's scoliosis.

Social: Much of the hospital stay focused on patient education.

Which of the following is a symptom found in this patient? 

A) Abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine

B) Bow-legged

C) Decrease in muscle reflexes

D) Knock-kneed

E) Muscle inflammation

95) Read the patient's Discharge Physical Examination:

Discharge Physical Examination

Temp: 98.6; RR: 24; HR: 86; BP: 100/64

Gen: WDWN. Alert.

CV: RRR.

Resp: CTA.

Neuro: Hypotonia of legs (strength 3/5 bilaterally). Waddling gait. Using assistance to get up from seated position. Normal reflexes. Marked enlargement of calves.

According to the Discharge Physical Examination, which of the following is true?

A) The patient has a decrease in muscle tone or tightness in the legs.

B) The patient has an increase in muscle tone or tightness in the legs.

C) The patient is walking normally.

D) The patient's calves look normal.

E) The patient's left leg is stronger than the right.

96) Read the following excerpt from Mrs. Goldman's health record:

History of Present Illness:

Mrs. Maureen Goldman presented to the orthopedic clinic with a chronic history of arthralgia. She has been previously diagnosed with osteoarthritis. She was initially treated with NSAIDs and an orthotic that helped for a time; however, Mrs. Goldman's condition worsened and was eventually treated with an intraarticular steroid injection. She reported improved pain and range of motion. The knee pain returned last year, however, and she was treated in our clinic with arthroscopic surgery. While it helped some, she reports it did not completely get rid of her symptoms, and she returns today for evaluation.

PMHx: Septic arthritis requiring hospitalization and IV antibiotics 4 years ago.

Mrs. Goldman was treated at one time with what kind of surgery? 

A) arthroscopic = arthro (bone) + scop (cut) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by cutting into a bone

B) arthroscopic = arthro (bone) + scop (look) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by visual examination of a bone

C) arthroscopic = arthro (cartilage) + scop (cut) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by cutting into the cartilage

D) arthroscopic = arthro (joint) + scop (look) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by visual examination of a joint

E) arthroscopic = arthro (joint) + scop (cut) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by cutting into a joint

97) Read the following excerpt from Mrs. Goldman's health record:

History of Present Illness:

Mrs. Maureen Goldman presented to the orthopedic clinic with a chronic history of arthralgia. She has been previously diagnosed with osteoarthritis. She was initially treated with NSAIDs and an orthotic that helped for a time; however, Mrs. Goldman's condition worsened and was eventually treated with an intraarticular steroid injection. She reported improved pain and range of motion. The knee pain returned last year, however, and she was treated in our clinic with arthroscopic surgery. While it helped some, she reports it did not completely get rid of her symptoms, and she returns today for evaluation.

PMHx: Septic arthritis requiring hospitalization and IV antibiotics 4 years ago.

Which of the following is NOT true about the patient's medical history? 

A) Mrs. Goldman has suffered from inflammation of the joint.

B) Mrs. Goldman has worn a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body.

C) Mrs. Goldman's joint pain just began recently.

D) Mrs. Goldman was previously diagnosed with OA.

E) Mrs. Goldman was treated with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

98) Read this patient's physical exam:

Physical Exam:

RR: 16; HR: 70; Temp: 98.6; BP: 110/60

Gen: Alert, oriented.

CV: RRR, no murmurs.

Resp: CTA.

Musculoskeletal: Crepitation in right knee, decreased ROM. Mild effusion. Mild muscular atrophy of right quadriceps muscle compared to left.

Labs: ESR normal, joint aspiration normal.

X-ray: Subchondral cysts, subchondral sclerosis, joint space narrowing.

According to the physical exam, this patient is NOT experiencing: 

A) crackling sound in the right knee.

B) decreased range of motion.

C) hardening of the joints.

D) mild decrease or loss of muscle tissue in the right quadriceps.

E) mild fluid build-up.

99) This patient's x-ray revealed "subchondral cysts, subchondral sclerosis, joint space narrowing":

Physical Exam:

RR: 16; HR: 70; Temp: 98.6; BP: 110/60

Gen: Alert, oriented.

CV: RRR, no murmurs.

Resp: CTA.

Musculoskeletal: Crepitation in right knee, decreased ROM. Mild effusion. Mild muscular atrophy of right quadriceps muscle compared to left.

Labs: ESR normal, joint aspiration normal.

X-ray: Subchondral cysts, subchondral sclerosis, joint space narrowing.

Which is the correct translation of "subchondral sclerosis"?

A) sub (bad) + chondr (bone) + al (condition) + sclerosis (hardening condition) = bad bone hardening condition

B) sub (beneath) + chondr (cartilage) + al (pertaining to) + sclerosis (hardening condition) = hardening condition beneath the cartilage

C) sub (good) + chondr (joint) + al (condition) + sclerosis (hardening condition) = good joints that are beginning to harden

D) sub (out) + chondr (movement) + al (pertaining to) + sclerosis (softening condition) = pertaining to movement outside the range of motion

E) sub (upon) + chondr (muscle) + al (condition) + sclerosis (softening condition) = muscle tissue upon the bone is beginning to soften

100) Read the following portion of an orthopedic clinic note:

DDx: Includes osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and bursitis. Given her history of osteoarthritis on exam and the results of the x-ray and joint aspiration, I believe Mrs. Goldman has OA that has failed to respond to previous treatments.

According to the excerpt, which is NOT included in the differential diagnosis? 

A) Abnormal joint development

B) Inflammation of the bursa

C) Inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight

D) Inflammation of the joints whose symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever

E) RA

101) What is a device that aids in the stabilizing of a part of the body?

A) tendoplasty

B) tenoplasty

C) tendoplasty and tenoplasty

D) None of these

102) To be bow legged is called referred to as what?

A) hypertonia

B) genu valgum

C) ankylosis

D) hypotonia

E) genu varum

103) What are the most common types of myopathy?

A) myasthenia gravis

B) muscular dystrophy

C) myasthenia gravis and muscular dystrophy

D) None of these

104) NSAID stands for?

A) nonsteroidal anti-infection drugs

B) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

C) nonsteroidal anti-infection drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

D) None of these

105) What is a device that aids in the stabilizing of a part of the body?

A) Orthotics

B) Orthodontics

C) Orthotics and orthodontics

D) None of these