Test Bank Docx Chapter 19 Christian Conflicts Hebrews

Chapter 19

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 01

1. The word “catholic” means_____.

a. official

b. orthodox

c. universal

d. occasional

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 02

2. Which of the following is not a catholic epistle?

a. 1 John

b. 2 John

c. 2 Thessalonians

d. Hebrews

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 03

3. The Epistle to the Hebrews depicts the Law as_____.

a. perfect

b. not God given

c. inadequate

d. irreplaceable

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 04

4. Hebrews was most likely _____.

a. a sermon

b. a novel

c. an apology

d. an apocalypse

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 05

5. The Epistle to the Hebrews was _____.

a. written by Paul

b. written anonymously

c. pseudepigraphic

d. written by Timothy

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 06

6. The primary point of Hebrews is to show that _____.

a. Christianity is superior to Judaism

b. Christianity is the same as Judaism

c. Judaism is superior to Christianity

d. Christians must follow the Law

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 07

7. According to Hebrews, Christ is superior to all of the following except _____.

a. the Jewish prophets

b. Moses

c. the Angels

d. the Son of Man

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 08

8. The author of Hebrews believed that _____.

a. an antichrist would appear before Jesus returned

b. God had made a new covenant with his people

c. Jews had always misinterpreted the Law

d. God had not altered his covenant with the Jews

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 09

9. The theme of shadow and reality in the Epistle to the Hebrews is most similar to_____.

a. Plato

b. Pliny

c. Paul

d. Peter

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 10

10. Hebrews compares Jesus’ priesthood to that of this biblical figure.

a. Aaron

b. Moses

c. Melchizedek

d. Elijah

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 11

11. According to the Epistle of Barnabas, Judaism is _____.

a. false

b. perfect

c. the basis of Christianity

d. compatible with Christianity

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 12

12. At the beginning of its history, Christianity was _____.

a. illegal

b. state sponsored

c. practiced widely

d. relatively unknown

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 13

13. Governors in the Roman provinces had all of the following responsibilities except _____.

a. collect taxes

b. maintain order

c. keep the peace

d. protect religious freedom

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 14

14. In earliest Christianity, all of the following were true except _____.

a. Christianity was an exclusive group

b. Christians had to reject previous religious affiliations

c. Christians were supposed to maintain their family relationships no matter what

d. the church became a new family

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 15

15. Opponents of Christianity suggested all of the following except _____.

a. Christians held orgies

b. Christians committed infanticide

c. Christians committed deicide

d. Christians were guilty of incest

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 16

16. The first known governmental action against Christians was perpetrated by _____.

a. Trajan

b. Marcus Aurelius

c. Nero

d. Pliny the Younger

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 17

17. In Nero’s persecution of Christianity, Christians were accused of _____.

a. infanticide

b. arson

c. cannibalism

d. incestuous relationships

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 18

18. Pliny executed Christians because _____.

a. Christianity was illegal

b. they killed babies

c. they refused to worship the gods

d. they disrupted families

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 19

19. The author of 1 Peter addresses his audience as _____.

a. exiles

b. Gentiles

c. Jews

d. Pauline Christians

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 20

20. All of the following are true about Christianity in the Roman Empire except _____.

a. it was suspect because it was a new movement

b. it was persecuted because it neglected the gods

c. it was illegal

d. it was originally thought of as a subgroup of Judaism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 21

21. 1 Peter is primarily concerned with _____.

a. Christian orthodoxy

b. false prophets

c. leadership of the clergy

d. Christian suffering

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 22

22. 1 Peter addresses Christian persecutions by _____.

a. former acquaintances

b. the governor

c. the emperor

d. Jews

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 23

23. According to 1 Peter, for what must Christians not suffer?

a. for doing right

b. for doing what is wrong

c. for standing up for the gospel

d. for their beliefs

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 24

24. 1 Peter claims to have been written in Babylon, a most likely a code word for _____.

a. Jerusalem

b. Alexandria

c. Rome

d. Corinth

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 25

25. 1 Peter was probably written _____.

a. in the beginning of the first century

b. in the late first century

c. in the middle of the second century

d. in the late second century

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 26

26. Who leaves behind a father and infant son to suffer martyrdom in a Roman amphitheatre?

a. Barnabas

b. Perpetua

c. Ignatius

d. Polycarp

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 27

27. Whose martyrdom closely parallels the Gospels’ Passion narratives?

a. Perpetua’s

b. Felicitas’

c. Polycarp’s

d. Peter’s

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 28

28. At the end of the first century, approximately what percentage of the Roman Empire was Christian?

a. less than one

b. two

c. five

d. ten

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 29

29. Scholars have suggested all of the following contributed to Christian conversions in the first three centuries of the faith except _____.

a. martyrdoms

b. the church’s role as a social network

c. stories of Jesus’ miracles and power

d. the New Testament canon

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 30

30. Which term describes the process by which a group of individuals comes to understand itself as distinct?

a. socialization

b. self-definition

c. isolation

d. prophecy-fulfillment

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 01

1. Discuss Jesus’ superiority to all things Jewish in the Epistle to the Hebrews. To what, exactly, is Jesus superior? What is the author’s point in underscoring this?

Feedback: The Epistle to the Hebrews asserts the superiority of Christ to the prophets, the angels, Moses, Joshua, and the Jewish priesthood. Christ brings a superior covenant, a superior tabernacle, and makes a superior sacrifice. Drawing on Platonic thought, this author argues that the old covenant was a foreshadowing of the new, an imperfect reflection of a perfect reality. According to this author, Christianity represents the perfection of Judaism; those who do not believe that Jesus is the messiah, moreover, are not the true people of God.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 02

2. Discuss how the Epistle to the Hebrews uses the concepts of “shadow” and “reality” to explain Christ. Where did these ideas come from and how does the author use them to promote his view of the superiority of Christianity?

Feedback: These concepts derive from Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, in which people are chained in such a way that they can only see the images reflected on the wall in front of them rather than the sources of those images behind them. A person who was liberated from such an existence to discover true reality might initially be terrified by the discovery but would ultimately never choose to return to the reflection rather than the reality. Hebrews presents Christ as the reality reflected in the Jewish Scriptures, which are only the derivative reflections of Christ, arguing that once a person has turned to Christ there is no turning back to the shadows of Judaism (Temple sacrifices, priesthood, the Torah of Moses, etc.).

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 03

3. Early Christianity has sometimes been depicted as a movement that challenged the importance of the family. Being as specific as you can, what textual evidence is there to substantiate this claim?

Feedback: Jesus taught that families should be secondary to the faith (Matt 10:34–37). The Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles (for this class, specifically the Acts of Paul and Thecla) challenged societal norms of marriage and family. Thecla left her fiancé and mother to follow Paul and his ascetic message. The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicitas also presents a Christian response to societal expectations of family. After Perpetua converted, she was arrested and faced martyrdom. Her father pleaded with her to save herself, but she did not obey him. Christians believed that the church provided a new and more important family (in fact, they used familial language, such as “brother” and “sister,” for their fellow members).

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 04

4. Discuss the early period of Christian persecution. If Christianity itself was not illegal, why were Christians persecuted? What evidence do we have of persecutions, and who led them?

Feedback: Students should point out that, for most of its early history, Christianity was not illegal in the Roman Empire. Romans, as a rule, did not care what gods people worshipped or which gods a particular group considered worthy of worship. It was also not illegal to proselytize, to gather together for worship, or to participate in certain rituals revolving around one’s faith. Christians were persecuted, then, not directly for their religious beliefs. Rather, they were believed to be a threat to the Empire by challenging social norms (e.g., the family) and by insisting on the worship of their God to the exclusion of all other deities. Pagans feared the gods’ retribution (drought, famine, war, etc.) for lack of worship. Most often, persecutions were grassroots movements and not imperially legislated attacks.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 01

1. What is meant by “self-definition,” and how did early Christians, in general, define themselves?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 02

2. Who wrote the book of Hebrews and to whom did he write?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 03

3. How is Christ portrayed as superior to the Jewish religion in Hebrews? What are the two ways that the author uses the Jewish Scriptures to show Jesus’ superiority? Why does the author want to stress Jesus’ superiority to his readers?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 04

4. Why were some early Christians persecuted? Try to look at Christians from the Roman point of view. Why, from that perspective, would Christians deserve to be punished?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 05

5. How does the context of persecution help to explain the message of 1 Peter?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 06

6. What are the overarching themes of 1 Peter?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 07

7. Does it seem Peter wrote 1 Peter? Why or why not?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 08

8. In your opinion, should either Hebrews or Barnabas be thought of as anti-Semitic? How, when, and why did strong anti-Jewish sentiments arise in early Christianity?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 09

9. Why might early Christians be accused of disrupting the family?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 19 Question 10

10. Does it seem Paul wrote Hebrews? Why? Why not?