Test Bank Chapter 36 Sit-to-Stand Functional Intervent

Chapter 36: Functional Intervention in Sit-to-Stand, Stand-to-Sit, and Standing

Mary T. Blackinton, PT, EdD, GCS, CEEAA

Multiple Choice

1. The biomechanical phase of sit-to-stand (STS) characterized by a shift of weight from the buttocks to the feet is referred to as:

A. Flexion momentum

B. Momentum transfer

C. Extension

D. Stabilization

2. To make the STS movement easier for a patient, the therapist should:

A. Increase chair height and firmness

B. Decrease chair height and firmness

C. Place the feet forward in front of the knees

D. Slope the angle of the seat so the front is higher than the back

3. During stand-to-sit (SIT), a patient is observed to fall (plop) into the chair in the final few seconds of the motion. Which of the following therapeutic exercises could address this problem?

A. Concentric strengthening of the hamstrings

B. Concentric strengthening of the quadriceps

C. Eccentric strengthening of the hamstrings

D. Eccentric strengthening of the quadriceps

4. In order to stand up from sitting, a patient with lower extremity weakness can compensate by:

A. Limiting the amount of hip flexion

B. Using a momentum strategy

C. Folding their arms across their chest

D. Bringing the feet forward in front of the knees

5. A 67 year-old patient takes 24.2 seconds on the Five Times Sit to Stand Test. This score indicates:

A. Normal time for the patient’s age

B. Normal time for any patient regardless of age

C. Impairment of leg strength and/or balance

D. Impairment of lower extremity range of motion

6. Which of the following standardized tests uses an ordinal scale to quantify the assistance needed to move from STS and SIT?

A. Berg Balance Scale (BBS)

B. Timed Up and Go Test

C. Dynamic Gait Index

D. Romberg test

7. If the goal of therapy was to improve lower extremity force production during STS, the best approach would be to:

A. Perform three sets of 10 repetitions of knee extensor strengthening

B. In supine, perform three sets of 10 repetitions of bridging exercises

C. Intensive practice on various height surfaces emphasizing hip flexion

D. Encourage use of arm rests during intensive practice of STS

8. Mental practice or motor imagery is most effective when it is:

A. Combined with physical practice

B. Combined with observational practice

C. Performed instead of physical practice

D. Performed while the patient is trying to fall asleep

9. A therapist’s goal was for the patient to be independent in STS. She organized a treatment session in the following order: STS and SIT training, gait training on level surface, STS and SIT training, balance training, gait training, STS and SIT training. This practice schedule is called_____ and is believed to _______ retention of the motor skill.

A. Blocked practice, increase retention

B. Variable practice, decrease retention

C. Massed practice, decrease retention

D. Random practice, increase retention

10. A patient was observed attempting SIT with minimal hip flexion, increasing the time it took to move SIT. The most effective feedback for this patient would be:

A. Flex your hips more as you sit down

B. Take a bow as you sit down

C. Keep your back tall as you sit down

D. Sit down quickly

11. A patient post-stroke with left hemiparesis tends to lean more weight on the right side in standing. The patient also has some visual field loss and neglect on the left. To improve standing symmetry, the therapist should:

A. Put a 1 inch step under the left foot

B. Use a mirror to give feedback about posture and symmetry

C. Use a mat with an auditory device to signal weight on the left side

D. Provide verbal feedback such as “put more weight on your left leg”

12. The use of the 5 degree to 7.5 degree shoe wedges on the non-involved side in patients with hemiparesis helps to:

A. Shift weight toward the more-involved side to equalize stand symmetry

B. Shift weight toward the less-involved side to equalize stand symmetry

C. Improve the ability to take a longer step length on the hemiparetic side

D. Improve the ability to clear the hemiparetic side during the swing phase of gait