Test Bank Chapter 14 Navigating The Challenges Of Ambulating

Chapter 14: Navigating the Challenges of Ambulating

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following statements best summarizes how an assistive device is selected?
   1. The device is chosen based on the amount of weight-bearing it will allow.
   2. The device is chosen based primarily on the physician’s orders.
   3. The device is chosen because it provides the least amount of restriction.
   4. The device is chosen based on the patient’s size.
2. Which of the following statements is true regarding hand grip adjustment for an assistive device?
   1. Upper-extremity effort is minimized when the elbow is flexed to approximately 45 degrees.
   2. Optimal elbow angles vary from device to device.
   3. The hand grip should come to the level of the patient’s pelvic crest.
   4. Optimal hand grip height should be confirmed during functional use of the assistive device.
3. Which of the following is the BEST position for the clinician when guarding a patient who recently had a right total hip arthroplasty?
   1. Standing directly behind the patient
   2. Standing directly in front of the patient
   3. Standing behind the patient and slightly to the left
   4. Standing behind the patient and slightly to the right
4. Which of the following represents the BEST guarding position for a patient with a history of cardiovascular accident (CVA) and impaired balance while negotiating obstacles during gait training?
   1. Maintain grasp on the gait belt with both hands at the back and center of the trunk.
   2. Maintain grasp on the gait belt with one hand and the other hand near the shoulder.
   3. Maintain loose overhand grasp on the gait belt with one hand.
   4. Maintain position close to the patient with neither hand on the belt.
5. Which of the following is the BEST position to guard a patient who is practicing stair climbing with an assistive device?
   1. Guard the patient on the weaker side while ascending and descending the stairs.
   2. Stand behind the patient while descending the stairs.
   3. Stand behind the patient while ascending the stairs.
   4. Maintain both feet on one step as much as possible.
6. When the right leg is at initial contact during a typical gait cycle, which of the following statements is also true?
   1. The right foot is at heel strike.
   2. The right arm is forward.
   3. The left leg is in midstance.
   4. The right knee is flexed to approximately 60 degrees.
7. How much knee flexion range of motion is typically needed to descend steps?
   1. 7 to 65 degrees
   2. 10 to 92 degrees
   3. 20 to 87 degrees
   4. 25 to 95 degrees
8. An 83-year-old man was referred to therapy after sustaining a fall in the bathroom. Which of the following is the BEST predictor of this patient’s risk of future falls?
   1. History of previous falls
   2. Limited trunk strength
   3. Living environment
   4. Short-term memory loss
9. Which of the following tasks would be considered “gait training” instead of “ambulating” a patient who recently had a CVA?
   1. Completing a 5-minute walk with the patient
   2. Facilitating advancement of the patient’s hemiparetic leg during treadmill training
   3. Guarding the patient during treadmill walking for endurance
   4. Transporting portable oxygen for the patient during walking
10. Which of the following methods is MOST effective to ensure compliance with a partial weight-bearing order of 25 lb weight-bearing?
    1. Defer gait training until the patient’s condition is upgraded to weight-bearing as tolerated.
    2. Instruct the patient regarding the limit by using a bathroom scale.
    3. Question the patient frequently during gait training.
    4. Use a limb-load monitor during gait training.
11. Which of the following is true of weight-bearing restrictions in general?
    1. Non–weight-bearing is preferred over toe-touch weight-bearing because non–weight-bearing produces less force on the hip of the involved extremity.
    2. Weight-bearing status is determined by the patient’s weight rather than by injury or pathology type.
    3. Weight-bearing prescriptions are commonly expressed as percentages of body weight based on a typical adult’s body weight.
    4. Partial weight-bearing is universally recognized to mean 25% of the patient’s body weight.
12. A reciprocal gait is one in which ______________________________________.
    1. The opposite arm and leg move forward at the same time
    2. Forward ambulation occurs in a continuous manner
    3. Increased stance time on one leg is matched by decreased stance time on the opposite leg
    4. The amount of time spent in swing phase is equal to the amount of time spent in stance phase
13. Which of the following is NOT a technique used to initiate a sit-to-stand transfer when the patient has lower-extremity weakness?
    1. Rocking to gain momentum
    2. Using hip adduction to press the knees together
    3. Bracing the lower legs against the chair
    4. Extending both knees to place the feet farther away from the chair
14. Your patient is a 15-year-old patient who is recovering from knee surgery following a volleyball injury, and you are fitting the patient with axillary crutches. Which of the following is the GREATEST risk for a patient if axillary crutches are too tall?
    1. The crutches will increase the energy expenditure required for ambulation.
    2. The crutches will be unstable and increase the risk of falling.
    3. The crutches will cause irritation of the rib cage and make using the crutches painful.
    4. The crutches will cause pressure in the axilla, potentially damaging nerves and vessels.
15. Which of the following best describes a two-point gait?
    1. Both assistive devices are advanced together, followed by a single weight-bearing extremity.
    2. The right leg and right assistive device are advanced simultaneously, followed by the simultaneous advancement of the left leg and left assistive device.
    3. The leg and opposite assistive device are advanced simultaneously, followed by the other leg and opposite device.
    4. One assistive device is advanced, followed by a single weight-bearing extremity.

Completion

16. To stabilize a patient who is in the process of a(n) ____________________ fall, the clinician attempts to bring the patient’s center of mass (CoM) back over the base of support (BoS).