Test Bank Chapter 11 Public Policy And Public Administration - Test Bank | Political Science Today 1e by Cobb by Wendy N. Whitman Cobb. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 11: Public Policy and Public Administration
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. The deal made between Democrats and Republicans in 2018 to fund the federal government—which included disagreements over the DACA—focused on completing which type of action?
a. continuing resolution
b. executive order
c. reconciliation
d. policy adoption
Learning Objective: 11.2: Compare patterns of policy change, specifically budgetary incrementalism and punctuated equilibrium.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Public policy is ______.
a. the implementation of government policy
b. the rules and norms through and under which political actors behave
c. government-defined solutions to societal and governmental problems
d. the authoritative distribution of resources (who gets what, when, and how)
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge.
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Public administration is ______.
a. the implementation of government policy
b. the rules and norms through and under which political actors behave
c. government-defined solutions to societal and governmental problems
d. the authoritative distribution of resources (who gets what, when, and how)
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Public Administration
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Kingdon argues that agenda setting requires ______.
a. considering a problem, determining the existence of a solution, and the political will to deal with it
b. bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
c. the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
d. assessment of whether a policy is working or not, and what can be done to improve it if needed
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Agenda Setting
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. In the agenda setting process, which of the following political institutions is considered majoritarian?
a. Executive Branch
b. House of Representatives
c. Judiciary
d. Senate
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Agenda Setting
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. In the agenda setting process, which of the following political institutions can use the media to influence the entire policymaking process?
a. Executive Branch
b. House of Representatives
c. Judiciary
d. Senate
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Agenda Setting
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Policy formulation involves ______.
a. considering a problem, determining the existence of a solution, and the political will to deal with it
b. bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
c. the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
d. determining the meaning of (often vague) terms and how policies will be put into practice
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Formulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Policymaking is considered ‘top-down’ when it is driven by political actors ______.
a. like the president and/or Congress
b. such as bureaucrats who then seek approval from other policymakers
c. including social movements and ordinary citizens
d. that are organizations with policy goals that work within the policymaking process
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Formulation
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. In the study of public policy, which of the following types of policymaking is driven mainly by bureaucrats?
a. bottom-up
b. grassroots
c. interest-groups
d. top-down
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Policy Formulation
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. The study of roll call voting behavior among legislators is an example of the study of which of the stages of the policymaking process?
a. agenda setting
b. policy formulation
c. policy adoption
d. evaluation
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Adoption
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. Policy adoption involves ______.
a. considering a problem, determining the existence of a solution, and the political will to deal with it
b. bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
c. the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
d. determining the meaning of (often vague) terms and how policies will be put into practice
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Adoption
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. In which of the following stages of the policymaking process do policymakers select, legislate, and pass policies?
a. agenda setting
b. policy formulation
c. policy adoption
d. policy implementation
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Policy Adoption
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Logrolling refers to ______.
a. agreements among members of Congress to vote for bills that other members favor, so that others will support bills that a member wants
b. a procedural move in Congress that directs committees to create or revise legislation to meet a specific budgetary target
c. a policymaking relationship between interest groups, congressional committees, and relevant bureaucrats
d. the rewarding of presidential supporters with appointments to bureaucratic positions
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Adoption
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. In public policy, reconciliation refers to ______.
a. agreements among members of Congress to vote for bills that other members favor, so that others will support bills that a member wants
b. a procedural move in Congress that directs committees to create or revise legislation to meet a specific budgetary target
c. a policymaking relationship between interest groups, congressional committees, and relevant bureaucrats
d. the rewarding of presidential supporters with appointments to bureaucratic positions
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Adoption
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. The procedural move used in Congress to direct committees to create or revise legislation to meet specific budgetary targets is commonly called ______.
a. logrolling
b. reconciliation
c. the iron triangle
d. the spoils system
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Adoption
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Policy implementation involves ______.
a. bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
b. the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
c. determining the meaning of (often vague) terms and how policies will be put into practice
d. assessment of whether the policy is working or not, and what can be done to improve it if needed
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Implementation
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Policy evaluation involves ______.
a. bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
b. the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
c. determining the meaning of (often vague) terms and how policies will be put into practice
d. assessment of whether the policy is working or not, and what can be done to improve it if needed
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Evaluation
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. In which of the following stages of the policymaking process are policies assessed on their appropriateness, capability, efficiency, and whether or not they need amendment or improvement?
a. agenda setting
b. policy adoption
c. implementation
d. evaluation
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Evaluation
Difficulty Level: Easy
19. Incrementalism refers to the idea that ______.
a. an agency’s budget is based on the prior year’s figures and will only change by a small amount
b. policies generally exhibit long periods of stability with short periods of significant change
c. the federal bureaucracy can be shrunk by presidential order
d. agencies and unelected officials have an active role to play in policymaking decisions
Learning Objective: 11.2: Compare patterns of policy change, specifically budgetary incrementalism and punctuated equilibrium.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Budgetary Incrementalism
Difficulty Level: Easy
20. The idea that policies remain relatively stable, but can be marked by periods of great change, is known as ______.
a. incrementalism
b. punctuated equilibrium
c. reductions in force
d. bureaucratic politics
Learning Objective: 11.2: Compare patterns of policy change, specifically budgetary incrementalism and punctuated equilibrium.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Punctuated Equilibrium
Difficulty Level: Easy
21. A policy monopoly ______.
a. occurs when one government at any level enacts a policy or policy change, and those physically nearby become inclined to adopt the policy or change, or actually do so
b. is a dominant understanding of the nature and direction of a particular policy
c. describes a fluid coalition of actors involved in policy on an ad hoc basis
d. is a portion of legislation that restricts the ability of bureaucracies to spend money on certain actions
Learning Objective: 11.2: Compare patterns of policy change, specifically budgetary incrementalism and punctuated equilibrium.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Punctuated Equilibrium
Difficulty Level: Easy
22. A policy network ______.
a. occurs when one government at any level enacts a policy or policy change, and those physically nearby become inclined to adopt the policy or change, or actually do so
b. is a dominant understanding of the nature and direction of a particular policy
c. describes a fluid coalition of actors involved in policy on an ad hoc basis
d. is a portion of legislation that restricts the ability of bureaucracies to spend money on certain actions
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Issue Networks
Difficulty Level: Easy
23. In public policy, the iron triangle refers to ______.
a. agreements among members of Congress to vote for bills that other members favor, so that others will support bills that a member wants
b. a procedural move in Congress that directs committees to create or revise legislation to meet a specific budgetary target
c. a policymaking relationship between interest groups, congressional committees, and relevant bureaucrats
d. the rewarding of presidential supporters with appointments to bureaucratic positions
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Iron Triangles
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. Under Lowi’s policy typology, highways and public schools would be considered______.
a. distributive policies
b. regulatory policies
c. constituent policies
d. redistributive policies
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
25. Under Lowi’s policy typology, the establishment of the DHS after 9/11/2001 is an example of ______.
a. distributive policy
b. regulatory policy
c. constituent policy
d. redistributive policy
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
26. Under Lowi’s policy typology, low income housing programs would be considered ______.
a. distributive policies
b. regulatory policies
c. constituent policies
d. redistributive policies
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
27. Lowi’s distributive policies ______.
a. extend goods and services to constituents, as well as meting out the costs of those goods and services amongst the constituents
b. limit the discretion of individuals and agencies, or otherwise coerce certain behaviors
c. create or reform executive power entities, or deal with laws, that can have a broad impact
d. transfer resources from one group to another, typically with the intent of minimizing social or economic inequality in some way
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
28. Which of Lowi’s four policy types is connected mainly to the development of new bureaucracies, the internal distribution of funds within government, or establishing rules for public servants?
a. constituent policy
b. distributive policy
c. regulatory policy
d. redistributive policy
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
29. Lowi’s regulatory policies ______.
a. extend goods and services to constituents, as well as meting out the costs of those goods and services amongst the constituents
b. limit the discretion of individuals and agencies, or otherwise coerce certain behaviors
c. create or reform executive power entities, or deal with laws, that can have a broad impact
d. transfer resources from one group to another, typically with the intent of minimizing social or economic inequality in some way
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
30. Which of Lowi’s four policy types prescribe do’s and don’ts for different groups to prevent others from becoming victims of those groups?
a. constituent policy
b. distributive policy
c. regulatory policy
d. redistributive policy
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
31. Lowi’s redistributive policies ______.
a. extend goods and services to constituents, as well as meting out the costs of those goods and services amongst the constituents
b. limit the discretion of individuals and agencies, or otherwise coerce certain behaviors
c. create or reform executive power entities, or deal with laws, that can have a broad impact
d. transfer resources from one group to another, typically with the intent of minimizing social or economic inequality in some way
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
32. The study of ______ focuses on the implementation of government policy.
a. public administration
b. political institutions
c. public policy
d. politics
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Public Administration
Difficulty Level: Easy
33. Patronage in the executive branch is also referred to ______.
a. logrolling
b. policy network
c. the iron triangle
d. the spoils system
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Growth of the Federal Bureaucracy
Difficulty Level: Easy
34. A policy rider ______.
a. occurs when one government at any level enacts a policy or policy change, and those physically nearby become inclined to adopt the policy or change, or actually do so
b. is a dominant understanding of the nature and direction of a particular policy
c. describes a fluid coalition of actors involved in policy on an ad hoc basis
d. is a portion of legislation that restricts the ability of bureaucracies to spend money on certain actions
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Congressional Control
Difficulty Level: Medium
35. The tool used by Congress in the legislative process to limit specific capacities or behaviors of the bureaucracy is known as a policy ______.
a. diffusion
b. monopoly
c. network
d. rider
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Congressional Control
Difficulty Level: Easy
36. Reductions in force refer to the idea that ______.
a. an agency’s budget is based on the prior year’s figures and will only change by a small amount
b. policies generally exhibit long periods of stability with short periods of significant change
c. the federal bureaucracy can be shrunk by presidential order
d. agencies and unelected officials have an active role to play in policymaking decisions
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Executive Control
Difficulty Level: Easy
37. The fact that agencies and unelected officials are involved in policymaking and administration in a variety of ways refers to ______.
a. incrementalism
b. punctuated equilibrium
c. reductions in force
d. bureaucratic politics
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Bureaucratic Politics
Difficulty Level: Easy
True/False
1. Setting and carrying out policy are in the exclusive purview of Congress and the Presidency in the U.S.
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. The five stages of the policymaking process are agenda setting, policy formulation, adoption, implementation, and evaluation.
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Stages of the Policymaking Process
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Policy initiatives often make it on the policy agenda regardless whether there is a problem.
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Agenda Setting
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. In the study of public policy and public administration, ‘bottom-up’ policymaking does not refer to grassroots movements’ influence on the policymaking process.
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Formulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Legislation is not the only path to policy adoption.
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Adoption
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. The study of policy implementation focuses on ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ approaches to this stage of the policymaking process.
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Implementation
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Policy evaluation is oftentimes a neglected stage of policymaking.
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Evaluation
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Iron triangles are synonymous with political networks.
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Iron Triangles
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Regulatory policies are aimed at protecting individual citizens rather than businesses.
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Typologies
Difficulty Level: Hard
10. Max Weber is credited with having written extensively on the topic of bureaucracies.
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Growth of the Federal Bureaucracy
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. Throughout the policymaking process, which actor(s) or entity(ies) have the most influence? Why, and how?
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Stages of the Policymaking Process | Policy Actors and Types of Policies
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Consider the policymaking process in the United States and the actors involved. If you could change one element of this process in practice, what would be, how, and why?
Learning Objective: 11.1: Identify the stages of the policymaking process.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Stages of the Policymaking Process
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. What are the similarities and differences between iron triangles and policy networks? Which idea provides a clearer conceptualization and description of agenda setters and policy influencers in the real world, and why?
Learning Objective: 11.3: Discuss the various actors involved in making public policy and the different types of policy.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Policy Actors and Types of Policies
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. In the process of policymaking and public administration, what is the nature of checks and balances between the bureaucracy, the presidency, and Congress?
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Public Administration
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. What is the purpose of the bureaucracy in U.S. public administration? Has the bureaucracy exceeded this purpose or does it fall short? How and why so?
Learning Objective: 11.4: Examine the role of bureaucracies in policy making and the politics involved.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Public Administration
Difficulty Level: Hard
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Test Bank | Political Science Today 1e by Cobb
By Wendy N. Whitman Cobb