Test Bank Addictive Disorders Ch10

Chapter 10 Test Bank
 

1. 'Tolerance' of a substance refers to: 

A. sociocultural acceptance that its use is normal.

B. spending a large amount of time obtaining or using it.

C. needing increasing amounts of the substance to get the same effect.

D. needing decreasing amounts of the substance to get the same effect.

E. continuing substance use although it is causing problems.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Diagnosis of Substance Use Disorders
 

2. 'Withdrawal' from a substance refers to: 

A. substance use interfering with social or occupational functioning.

B. symptoms that emerge after reducing or stopping substance use.

C. symptoms that emerge while using a substance.

D. unsuccessful attempts to reduce substance use.

E. needing increasing amounts of the substance to get the same effect.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Diagnosis of Substance Use Disorders
 

3. Substance use disorders are predominantly disorders of: 

A. women.

B. young people.

C. middle-aged people.

D. older people.

E. none of the given options; prevalence is constant across the lifespan and genders.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders
 

4. In the treatment of substance use disorders, medication can be useful to: 

A. block the rewarding effects of the harmful substance.

B. substitute for the harmful substance.

C. reduce the severity of withdrawal symptoms.

D. All of the given options are correct.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

5. High levels of comorbidity of substance use disorders and other mental disorders have been explained by saying that: 

A. people with mental health problems self-medicate with addictive substances.

B. mental health problems are caused (or made worse) by substance abuse.

C. both problems may have the same underlying cause(s).

D. All of the given options are correct.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

6. It is generally accepted that the development of pathological gambling is due to: 

A. biological factors.

B. psychological factors.

C. sociocultural factors.

D. All of the given options interacting.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

7. Which of the following is not a criterion for gambling disorder? 

A. a need to gamble with increasing amounts of money

B. lying to conceal the extent of gambling

C. frequent gambling when feeling distressed

D. gambling when alone

E. preoccupation with gambling

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

8. Which of these addictive substances is the one most commonly abused in Australia? 

A. alcohol

B. cannabis

C. stimulants

D. opioids

E. hallucinogens

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders
 

9. Compared to the general community in Australia, individuals who use methamphetamine are: 

A. at the same risk of psychosis.

B. 11 times less likely to experience psychosis.

C. 11 times more likely to experience psychosis.

D. unlikely to experience psychosis.

E. likely to experience a milder form of psychosis.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders
 

10. For people with entrenched substance dependence, detoxification (a period of abstinence while receiving support for withdrawal symptoms) is: 

A. a completely ineffective treatment for substance use disorder.

B. a useful first step in rehabilitation of substance use disorder.

C. an effective stand-alone treatment for substance use disorder.

D. only provided in rare situations.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

11. Cognitive errors hypothesised to result in problem gambling include all of the following except: 

A. gambler's fallacy.

B. selective recall.

C. illusionary correlations.

D. catastrophic thinking.

E. biased evaluations.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

12. The percentage of Australian adults gambling regularly is approximately: 

A. 5 per cent.

B. 15 per cent

C. 25 per cent.

D. 40 per cent.

E. 55 per cent.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

13. The reason that share trading is not defined as gambling is that: 

A. people win more than they lose on the stock market.

B. no one owns the stock market.

C. stock market wins and losses are not determined by chance.

D. the stock market is not recreational.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

14. In the DSM-5, pathological gambling is renamed as: 

A. gambling disorder.

B. a personality disorder.

C. an impulse control disorder.

D. a mood disorder.

E. an anxiety disorder.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

15. In the neurochemistry of substances of dependence, the most important neurotransmitter is: 

A. amphetamine.

B. dopamine.

C. glutamate.

D. endorphin.

E. serotonin.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Disorders Associated with Specific Substances
 

16. Psychological explanations of substance use include: 

A. classical conditioning.

B. operant conditioning.

C. incentive–sensitisation.

D. All of the given options are correct.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

17. Substance use disorders cluster in families because: 

A. relatives of individuals with substance abuse are more likely to suffer from the disorder.

B. substance use disorders have a strong genetic component.

C. children model their substance use on their parents' behaviour and environment.

D. All of the options given are correct.

E. None of the options given is correct.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders
 

18. For people with mild drinking problems, treatment with the goal of controlled drinking (rather than abstinence) has been found to be: 

A. a generally accepted treatment goal.

B. a less acceptable treatment goal than abstinence.

C. completely ineffective.

D. less effective than abstinence.

E. more effective than abstinence.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

19. Prior to the DSM-5, gambling disorder was classified as: 

A. a personality disorder.

B. a disorder of impulse control.

C. an anxiety disorder.

D. a mood disorder.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

20. The personality disorders most commonly comorbid with pathological gambling are classified in: 

A. Cluster A: odd or eccentric personality disorders.

B. Cluster B: dramatic personality disorders.

C. Cluster C: anxious or fearful personality disorders.

D. any of Clusters A, B or C equally.

E. Clusters B and C equally, but not A.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

21. In the DSM-5, substance dependence and substance abuse has been replaced with: 

A. drug addiction disorders.

B. dependence and abuse disorders.

C. substance use disorders.

D. severe addiction disorders.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Diagnosis of Substance Use Disorders
 

22. In the DSM-5, pathological gambling has been classified as an addiction due to its similarities to substance addictions. In what respect is gambling similar to substance addictions?

A. clinical phenomenology

B. aetiology

C. comorbid conditions

D. treatment

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

23. What portion of the Australian adult population reported having been affected in some way by the drinking of others during 2010? 

A. approximately 10 per cent

B. approximately 25 per cent

C. approximately 50 per cent

D. approximately 75 per cent

E. approximately 90 per cent

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders
 

24. For each year that first use of alcohol is delayed, the risk of developing alcohol use disorder decreases. However, this may be due to: 

A. conduct disorder.

B. availability of alcohol and drugs to young people.

C. increase in self-harm behaviour during youth.

D. reduction in peer pressure.

E. All of the options provided are correct.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

25. The Australian Gaming Council's figures for 2014–2015 indicate that the average annual expenditure on gambling is: 

A. approximately $10 million.

B. approximately $100 million.

C. approximately $5 billion.

D. approximately $10 billion.

E. approximately $22 billion.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

26. Jacobs’ (1986) general theory of addiction asserts that: 

A. addictions allow individuals to feel positive affect.

B. addictions allow individuals to escape painful realities and/or memories.

C. addictions give people a sense of control.

D. addictions create new painful memories.

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

27. Which of the following is not a component of the integrated pathways model of problem gambling? 

A. behavioural conditioning

B. emotional vulnerability

C. biological factors

D. impulse dysregulation

E. None of the given options is a component.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

28. With increasing age, people are: 

A. more susceptible to the effects of alcohol.

B. less susceptible to the effects of alcohol.

C. just as susceptible to the effects of alcohol as younger people.

D. more susceptible but only for women.

E. more susceptible but only for men.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

29. PRIME theory of motivation relating to addictions has all of the following components except: 

A. plans.

B. impulses.

C. responses.

D. evaluations.

E. procrastination.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Disorders Associated with Specific Substances
 

30. The addiction model of gambling views gambling as an addiction based on the fact that: 

A. gamblers repeatedly engage in their behaviour to achieve a euphoric state.

B. gambling behaviour is repetitive.

C. gambling behaviour continues despite serious consequences.

D. gamblers appear to have features similar to tolerance and withdrawal.

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

31. Treatment for pathological gambling has been dominated by: 

A. psychoanalytic interventions.

B. cognitive-behavioural approaches.

C. behaviour-reward models.

D. pharmacological approaches.

E. public health approaches.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

32. Studies examining the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments for pathological gambling show mixed results. This may be due to: 

A. high treatment dropout rates.

B. short follow-up periods.

C. a range of different measures used to measure outcome.

D. difficulty comparing findings across studies.

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

33. According to data from the United Kingdom (2011), adults with a substance abuse disorder have a life expectancy approximately: 

A. 5 years less than the general population.

B. 10 years less than the general population.

C. 14 years less than the general population.

D. 20 years less than the general population.

E. 25 years less than the general population.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Aetiology and Treatment of Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
 

34. Monozygotic twins have higher concordance rates for substance use disorder: 

A. only for alcohol.

B. only for cannabis.

C. only for tobacco.

D. for alcohol, cannabis and tobacco.

E. only for alcohol and only for males.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders.
Topic: Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders
 

35. What percentage of gamblers suffer comorbid alcohol abuse? 

A. 5 per cent.

B. 10 per cent

C. 20 per cent

D. 30 per cent

E. 40 per cent

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

36. Which of the following terms accurately describes individuals who would meet the formal diagnosis for gambling disorder? 

A. problem gamblers

B. non-gamblers

C. heavy gamblers

D. disordered gamblers

E. All of the given options are correct

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

37. Researchers have pointed out that the diagnostic criteria for ____________ "have their counterpart in alcohol, heroin and cocaine": 

A. impulse-control disorders

B. gambling disorder

C. bipolar disorder

D. personality disorders

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 10.2 Describe the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment of gambling disorder.
Topic: Non-Substance-Related Disorders
 

Chapter 10 Test Bank Summary