Shaw Ch.8 Test Bank Family Systems, Family Lives

Chapter 8

Family Systems, Family Lives

1. True/False Family serves as a site for the production of national and transnational power relations.
2. True/False The most common contemporary U.S. family structure is a middle-class, white, heterosexual couple with children.
3. True/False The definition of what constitutes a “family” is contested and changes over time.
4. True/False The head-complement model of family structure and power tends to encourage women to work in the labor force and then put in another day’s work in the home.
5. True/False Households headed by women have about half the income and less than a third of the wealth of other U.S. families.
6. True/False About a third of all households in the U.S. involve married couples with children.
7. True/False The U.S. has among the highest divorce rates in the world of any industrialized country.
8. True/False The U.S. is one of 169 countries around the world that guarantees paid maternity leave.
9. True/False The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) suffered a serious blow in 2013.
10. True/False Most feminist scholars see the family as an “oasis,” a refuge from society.
11. True/False Within most U.S. families, power is assigned primarily according to gender and age.
12. True/False There is a less equitable sharing of power in the junior partner/senior partner model of family organization than the head/complement model.
13. True/False Less than 5% of stay-at-home parents in the U.S. are fathers.
14. True/False The poverty rate for single mothers is about twice as high as the rate for single fathers.
15. True/False Approximately 25% of U.S. families are now multigenerational.
16. True/False African American children are about twice as likely to end up in foster care as white children.
17. True/False Undocumented immigrants have lower crime rates that people born in the U.S.
18. Approximately what number of wives take their husband’s name?

a. 9 out of 10

b. 8 out of 10

c. 7 out of 10

d. 6 out of 10

1. The fact that companies provide better and more flexible family options (such as on-site daycare) for their higher paid employees is an example of

a. Classism

b. Ableism

c. Horizontal hostility

d. Both (a) and (b)

d. Both (b) and (c)

e. All of the above

f. None of the above

1. The specific term for marriage with multiple wives is

a. Polygamy

b. Androgyny

c. Polygyny

d. Monogamy

1. The term “family values” has been claimed by the

a. Conservative Right

b. Liberal Left

c. Independent movement

d. Socialist movement

1. The ways that boys tend to be given more freedom in the family than girls to explore and experience their sexuality is an example of

a. Heterosexism

b. Double standard of sexual conduct

c. Gender ambiguity

d. Both (a) and (b)

d. Both (b) and (c)

e. All of the above

f. None of the above

1. The contemporary U.S. family is

a. Diverse

b. A conduit for inequality

c. No longer important in terms of social organization

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (b) and (c)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above

1. The term “the feminization of poverty” means which of the following?

a. Being poor is traditionally gendered as a feminine trait

b. The process by which the poverty population is increasingly comprised of women

c. Women are more likely to be poor because they aren’t good with finances

d. Men who are considered to be “feminine” are more like to be poor

1. Factors that do not contribute to the feminization of poverty include which of the following?

a. Equal pay for men and women

b. Women do more unpaid care work

c. Lack of state-subsidized child care

d. Pay gap between men and women

1. Worldwide poverty increases instances of marriage for young women because

a. Girls and women often cannot support themselves financially outside of marriage

b. The bride price of a daughter often provides essential financial support for the rest of her family

c. Contemporary girls around the world want to get married at younger ages

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (b) and (c)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above

Reading 50 “Marriage and Love” Emma Goldman

1. True/False In “Marriage and Love,” Emma Goldman argues that marriage and love are polar opposites.
2. True/False Emma Goldman in “Marriage and Love” argues that it is infinitely easier to organize and unionize women than men.
3. In “Marriage and Love,” Emma Goldman insists that the institution of marriage makes women

a. Shrews

b. Parasites

c. Witches

d. Trophies

1. In “Marriage and Love,” Emma Goldman argues that a girl being prepared for marriage is analogous with which of the following?

a. A beast being prepared for slaughter

b. A beekeeper preparing to harvest honey

c. A cat preparing to give birth to kittens

d. A chef preparing a banquet

1. In “Marriage and Love,” Emma Goldman argues that marriages paralyzes a woman’s social consciousness because

a. She is primarily trapped in the home after marriage

b. She is less likely to join a union because she believes that her primary job is marriage

c. The unpaid labor of housework drastically increases a married woman’s workload

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (b) and (c)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above

Reading 51 “Where Are the Mothers?” Katherine Goldstein

1. True/False Issues facing mothers have been routinely ignored in conversations about how to create more diversity and gender balance in newsrooms (Katherine Goldstein/“Where Are the Mothers?”).
2. True/False One million millennial women are becoming mothers each year in the U.S. (Katherine Goldstein/“Where Are the Mothers?”).
3. True/False A 2014 survey showed that 11% of working mothers took a maternity leave of two weeks or less (Katherine Goldstein/“Where Are the Mothers?”).
4. According to Katherine Goldstein in “Where Are the Mothers?” which of the following is an example of the way that a journalist’s sex and gender affect how they report the news?

a. Editors draw on their own experiences when they decide which stories to run

b. When male journalists write about sexual assault, they are more likely to focus on the impact on the perpetrator rather than the victim

c. Many female journalists report that they would like to breast feed their infant children

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (b) and (c)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above

1. In her article “Where Are the Mothers,” Katherine Goldstein argues for which of the following policies to support retention of women in news organizations?

a. Give paid maternity leave

b. Give fathers and non-birth partners paid maternity leave

c. Create official work-from-home and flex policies

d. Prioritize work-life balance for everyone

e. Both (a) and (b)

f. Both (c) and (d)

g. All of the above

h. None of the above

1. Katherine Goldstein argues that it is important for men to take paternity leave for which of the following reasons (“Where Are the Mothers”)?

a. Men need to learn how to change diapers

b. Men who take paternity leave are more involved in caregiving

c. If men take paternity leave, their partners do not need to take maternity leave

d. Female journalists can take over the workforce while the men are taking care of the children

Reading 52 “The Kids Are OK” Ken W. Knight, Sarah E. M. Stephenson, Sue West, Martin B. Delatycki, Cheryl A. Jones, Melissa H. Little, George C. Patton, Susan M. Sawyer, Rachel Skinner, Michelle M. Telfer, Melissa Wake, Kathryn N. North, Frank Oberklaid

1. True/False The authors of “The Kids Are OK” note that there is a consensus among scholars that children raised by same-sex parents do as well socially, emotionally, and educationally as children raised by heterosexual couple parents.
2. True/False The authors of “The Kids Are OK” note that family structures (the number, gender, sexuality, and cohabitation arrangements of parents) and more important than family processes (parental quality and well-being).
3. True/False Children with same sex-parents are negatively affected when their families are exposed to homophobia and discrimination (“The Kids Are OK”).
4. According to the authors of “The Kids Are OK,” the medical community has an obligation to do which of the following?

a. Circulate damaging representations of LGBTIQ+ families

b. Increase the destructiveness of the public debate

c. Correct inaccurate information

d. Make public statements from professional associations

e. Both (a) and (b)

f. Both (c) and (d)

g. All of the above

h. None of the above

1. According to the authors of “The Kids Are OK,” the New Family Structures Study, which is cited as evidence that children do poorly when raised by gay or lesbian parents, is problematic because of which of the following methodological limitations?

a. The study examined twice as many heterosexual couple families as same-sex couple families

b. The authors of the study self-identified as homophobic and therefore biased

c. The study compared stable, heterosexual two-parent families with gay/lesbian families of any configuration

d. The study examined twice as many gay families as lesbian families

Reading 53 “Trump’s Immigration Policies Are Harming American Children” Leila Schochet

1. True/False In her article “Trump’s Immigration Policies Are Harming American Children,” Leila Schochet argues that even the threat of being separated from family members exposes young children to stress and trauma.
2. True/False In her article “Trump’s Immigration Policies Are Harming American Children,” Leila Schochet argues that immigrants experience similar levels of heightened anxiety regardless of whether they are in the U.S. legally.
3. True/False In her article “Trump’s Immigration Policies Are Harming American Children,” Leila Schochet explains that the children of immigrants grow up to be some of the strongest contributors to the U.S. economy.
4. In her article “Trump’s Immigration Policies Are Harming American Children,” Leila Schochet explains that disrupting immigrant families negatively affects the economy for which of the following reasons?

a. Deporting primary earners from families can cause economic turmoil within family units

b. Deporting primary earners from families can cause stress and trauma within family units

c. Deporting primary earners from families can cause increased financial benefits to U.S.-citizen households

d. Deporting primary earners from families can cause increased familial bonding within U.S.-citizen households

e. Both (a) and (b)

f. Both (c) and (d)

g. All of the above

h. None of the above

5. In her article “Trump’s Immigration Policies Are Harming American Children,” Leila Schochet explains that the children of immigrants are harmed by current immigration policies for which of the following reasons?

a. Immigrant parents are too scared to utilize critical public programs for their children because they fear deportation

b. Immigrant parents are likely to abuse their children

c. Immigration officials are likely to abuse detained immigrant children

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (b) and (c)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above

Reading 54 “The Reciprocal Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Acceptance of One’s Gay or Lesbian Family Member” Katherine Zeininger, Melissa Holzman, Rachel Kraus

1. True/False In “The Reciprocal Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Acceptance of One’s Gay or Lesbian Family Member,” authors Katherine Zeininger, Melissa Holzman, and Rachel Kraus argue that religion does not play a role in reactions to a family member’s coming out process.
2. True/False A PFLAG study shows that when a family member comes out as gay or lesbian, some people end up altering or abandoning their religious beliefs (Katherine Zeininger, Melissa Holzman, Rachel Kraus/“The Reciprocal Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Acceptance of One’s Gay or Lesbian Family Member”).
3. True/False The coming out process usually begins with one’s awareness of same-sex attractions at about 19-21 years of age (Katherine Zeininger, Melissa Holzman, Rachel Kraus/“The Reciprocal Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Acceptance of One’s Gay or Lesbian Family Member”).
4. True/False Katherine Zeininger, Melissa Holzman, and Rachel Kraus argue that having a family member who is gay or lesbian may affect a person’s religious decisions regardless of whether or not those decisions directly affect their gay or lesbian family member.
5. In “The Reciprocal Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Acceptance of One’s Gay or Lesbian Family Member,” authors Katherine Zeininger, Melissa Holzman, and Rachel Kraus maintain that parents who learn that their children are gay or lesbian often become advocates for gay and lesbian issues because they are concerned about which of the following?

a. Their children will become victims of discrimination

b. Their children will come out to other members of the church

c. Their children will try to convince others to leave the church

d. Their children will become angry with the church

1. In their article “The Reciprocal Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Acceptance of One’s Gay or Lesbian Family Member,” authors Katherine Zeininger, Melissa Holzman, and Rachel Kraus note that parents who learn that their children are gay or lesbian have which of the following feelings about their own religious participation?

a. Feel more affirmed in their faith and church teachings

b. Use religious passages to affirm their support of their children

c. Leave the church altogether

d. Adjust personal attitudes about same-sex relationships and ignore church teachings on the topic

e. Both (a) and (b)

f. Both (c) and (d)

g. All of the above

h. None of the above

Reading 55 “Beyond the Wall” Ashley McKinless

1. True/False It costs U.S. taxpayers approximately $12,500 to return each unauthorized immigrant to their country of origin.
2. True/False In Guatemala, 50% of children under 5 are malnourished.
3. True/False A central focus of the debate about immigrants to the U.S. is whether to categorize them as “economic migrants” or “refugees.”
4. According to McKinless in “Beyond the Wall,” Guatemalans immigrate to the U.S. for which of the following reasons?

a. It is difficult to find employment

b. The country is still recovering from decades-long civil war

c. Guatemalans would rather come to the U.S. to live the American Dream than remain in Guatemala

d. CAFTA has benefitted rich and poor Guatemalans

e. Both (a) and (b)

f. Both (c) and (d)

g. All of the above

h. None of the above

1. In “Beyond the Wall,” Ashley McKinless includes the following quote from Pope Francis: “There are so many cemeteries alongside the walls, walls drenched in innocent blood.” The quote supports which of the following arguments?

a. A border wall endangers the lives of immigrants

b. A border wall is an immoral response to the immigration crisis

c. A border wall does not address the real reasons why immigrants attempt to enter the U.S.

d. Immigrants who die while attempting to cross the border illegally are innocent victims of thoughtless policies

e. Both (a) and (b)

f. Both (c) and (d)

g. All of the above

h. None of the above

Reading 56 “My Grandmother Washes Her Feet in the Sink of the Bathroom at Sears” Mohja Kahf

1. True/False In “My Grandmother Washes Her Feet in the Sink of the Bathroom at Sears,” written by Moha Kahf, the narrator describes the similarities between her grandmother and the other women in the store.
2. True/False The grandmother in Moha Kahf’s poem “My Grandmother Washes Her Feet in the Sink of the Bathroom at Sears” is ashamed to be caught washing her feet by other women in the restroom.
3. True/False The grandmother in “My Grandmother Washes Her Feet in the Sink of the Bathroom at Sears” by Moha Kahf has a sophisticated transnational world view that the other women in the bathroom do not share.
4. In “My Grandmother Washes Her Feet in the Sink of the Bathroom at Sears,” written by Moha Kahf, what religion is the narrator’s grandmother?

a. Christian

b Muslim

c. Hindu

d. Buddhist

1. The poem “My Grandmother Washes Her Feet in the Sink of the Bathroom at Sears,” Moha Kahf concludes with these lines:

“we all emerge on the sales floor,/

and lose ourselves in the great common ground/

of housewares on markdown”

These three lines can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

a. Distractions are the best form of conflict resolution

b. Cultural differences among women from different countries can never be overcome

c. Holding the bathroom door for older women is the polite thing to do

d. Women from different cultures often share similar gendered responsibilities