Protists and Fungi Chapter 29 Test Bank Docx

Inquiry Into Life, 16e, Mader

Chapter 29 Protists and Fungi

1) Which of the following is a reason why green algae is considered to be protists rather than plants?

A) The green algae use chlorophyll a, while plants use chlorophyll b.

B) Green algae have a cell wall of chitin, while plants have cell walls of cellulose.

C) Most algae are single-celled, plants are multicellular.

D) All plants are vascular, while all green algae are nonvascular.

E) Algae reproduce only asexually, while plants reproduce sexually.

2) Dinoflagellates are classified in supergroup

A) Archaeplastids.

B) SAR.

C) Opisthokonts.

D) Excavates.

E) Amoebozoans.

3) The idea that mitochondria may have resulted when a nucleated cell engulfed aerobic bacteria is known as the

A) chemiosmotic theory.

B) endosymbiotic hypothesis.

C) Lyon hypothesis.

D) theory of evolution by means of acquired characteristics.

E) theory of acquisition of organelles.

4) Protist reproduction

A) occurs only asexually by mitosis.

B) occurs only sexually by meiosis.

C) occurs only sexually by binary fission.

D) is mostly sexual, with asexual as an option when environmental conditions are unfavorable.

E) is mostly asexual, with sexual as an option when environmental conditions are unfavorable.

5) Protists are no longer classified as a kingdom because DNA evidence suggests they did not evolve from a single common ancestor.

6) A member of the green algae is

A) Amoeba proteus.

B) Plasmodium vivax.

C) Chlamydomonas.

D) Penicillium.

E) Paramecium.

7) An example of a colonial green alga is

A) Ulva.

B) Chlamydomonas.

C) Volvox.

D) Spirogyra.

E) Fucus.

8) Which of the following algae are found in ponds and have chloroplasts that are arranged in a spiral?

A) Ulva

B) Spirogyra

C) Euglena

D) Chlamydomonas

E) Volvox

9) Spirogyra practice a type of sexual exchange called

A) budding.

B) aggregation.

C) fruiting body.

D) conjugation.

E) gametogenesis.

10) Which group of algae are thought to be the most closely related to land plants?

A) brown

B) red

C) green

D) dinoflagellates

E) diatoms

11) An example of a filamentous green alga is

A) Ulva.

B) Chlamydomonas.

C) Volvox.

D) Spirogyra.

E) Fucus.

12) Diatoms have elaborate shells made of

A) carbon.

B) magnesium.

C) plastic.

D) silica.

E) cellulose.

13) Diatoms are saprotrophs.

14) Which type of organism causes a "red tide"?

A) euglenoids

B) water molds

C) brown algae

D) green algae

E) dinoflagellates

15) Agar and carrageenen are products derived from

A) red algae.

B) green algae.

C) brown algae.

D) water molds.

E) diatoms.

16) What unicellular alga whirls as it moves?

A) diatom

B) dinoflagellate

C) euglenoid

D) zooflagellate

E) red algae

17) A pellicle is a structure that is specific to

A) diatoms.

B) brown and red algae.

C) dinoflagellates.

D) green algae.

E) euglenoids.

18) Which of the following best describes most protozoans?

A) heterotrophic and non-motile

B) autotrophic and motile

C) heterotrophic and motile

D) autotrophic and non-motile

E) saprophytic and non-motile

19) Which of the following organisms move about by means of pseudopodia?

A) diatoms

B) euglenids

C) amoeboids

D) fungi

E) ciliates

20) The deposits of chalky fossils that build the White Cliffs of Dover were produced by

A) radiolaria.

B) foraminiferans.

C) ciliates.

D) diatoms (as diatomaceous earth).

E) dinoflagellates.

21) Which of the following is a fungus?

A) mushroom

B) yeast

C) ringworm

D) mold

E) All of the answer choices represent types of fungi.

22) Which protist is mismatched with the type of movement it utilizes?

A) amoeboids—pseudopodia

B) ciliates—cilia

C) dinoflagellates—flagella

D) foraminiferans—pseudopodia

E) euglenoids—cilia

23) The sporozoan Toxoplasma gondii can be harmful to a developing fetus. Thus, pregnant women are advised to avoid

A) raw honey.

B) mosquito bites.

C) consuming sushi.

D) cat feces.

E) dog dander.

24) The infective agent of which human disease has an asexual reproductive phase in humans and a sexual reproductive phase in the Anopheles mosquito?

A) malaria

B) African sleeping sickness

C) toxoplasmosis

D) amoebic dysentery

E) All of the answer choices represent diseases with both an asexual phase in humans and a sexual phase in mosquitos.

25) Which organisms exist as a diploid, multinucleated cytoplasmic mass?

A) sporozoa

B) dinoflagellates

C) slime molds

D) diatoms

E) ciliates

26) Although they have many features in common, water molds are differentiated from fungi because

A) unlike fungi, water molds are saprotrophic.

B) water molds have cell walls of cellulose, while fungi have cell walls of chitin.

C) water molds grow only in water and fungi grow only on land.

D) adult water molds are diploid, while adult fungi are haploid.

E) unlike fungi, water molds do not have a filamentous body.

27) Which is the largest group of protozoans?

A) amoeboids

B) zooflagellates

C) ciliates

D) sporozoans

E) slime molds

28) Chytrids and mushrooms are examples of organisms that belong to the kingdom

A) Archaea.

B) Protists.

C) Fungi.

D) Plantae.

E) Animalia.

29) Which group of organisms is mostly saprotrophic decomposers that assist in recycling of nutrients in ecosystems.

A) Algae

B) Viruses

C) Fungi

D) Protozoans

E) Ciliates

30) Which of the following terms describes organisms that break down dead organic matter in order to absorb the nutrient molecules?

A) prokaryotic

B) autotrophic

C) parasitic

D) saprotrophic

E) heterotrophic

31) Which of the following groupings correctly identifies the classification of fungi?

A) Domain Eukarya, supergroup Opisthokonts, kingdom Fungi

B) Domain Bacteria, supergroup Opisthokonts, kingdom Fungi

C) Domain Eukarya, supergroup Amoebozoans, kingdom Fungi

D) Domain Eukarya, supergroup Amoebozoans, kingdom Plantae

E) Domain Eukarya, supergroup Rhizaria, kingdom Fungi

32) You dig up a large mass of fungal filaments. Upon close examination, you find cross-walls composed on chitin. Which of the following describes what you dug up?

A) a mycelium with septate sporangium

B) a sporangium with nonseptate sporangium

C) a mycelium with septate hyphae

D) hyphae with nonseptate mycelium

E) an ascocarp with nonseptate hyphae

33) Each filament in a mycelium is known as

A) a zygosporangium.

B) a conidium.

C) an ascospore.

D) a basidiospore.

E) a hypha.

34) At one time, biologists thought that fungi were merely forms of plants that had lost their chlorophyll and evolved saprotrophy to obtain food. Which of the following is a reason why fungi are no longer classified with the plants?

A) Fungal cell walls contain chitin rather than cellulose.

B) Fungi digest their food internally.

C) All fungi have flagella at some stage in their life cycle and plants do not.

D) Plants are multicellular and fungi are unicellular.

E) Plants store glycogen, while fungi store starch.

35) A cuplike sexual reproductive structure is found in the

A) Basidiomycota.

B) Glomeromycota.

C) Chytridiomycota.

D) Ascomycota.

E) Zygomycota.

36) Which of the following is classified as a fungi?

A) protozoans

B) algae

C) slime molds

D) water molds

E) black bread mold

37) What structure forms when Rhizopus reproduces sexually?

A) an ascocarp

B) a basidium

C) mycorrhizae

D) a zygospore

E) a lichen

38) In time, bread becomes stale and grows mold on the exposed surfaces. Why does mold not begin growing inside the bread loaf?

A) Mold can grow only on dry surfaces.

B) Only molds at the surface of the bread can get oxygen to respire.

C) Mold actually begins from anywhere inside but produces colored spores only at the surface.

D) There is an antibiotic antagonism between the bread mold and the internal yeasts that made the bread rise.

E) The bread was sterilized when it was baked and thereafter mold spores settle only on the outside of the cooled bread.

39) Sac fungi take their name from the shape

A) of their sexual spores.

B) of the sexual reproductive structure that produces the spores.

C) of their asexual spores.

D) of their hyphae.

E) of their underground mycelium.

40) A chain of asexual spores produced by a sac fungus is called

A) a mycelium.

B) a conidia.

C) an ascospore.

D) a basidiospore.

E) a hypha.

41) The aboveground portion of a mushroom is termed a basidiocarp. What is the function of the basidiocarp?

A) trapping insects for food

B) reproduction

C) photosynthesis

D) collecting water

E) attracting an opposite mating strain

42) A mushroom will produce a sexual spore at the tip of a club-shaped

A) mycelia.

B) conidia.

C) ascus.

D) basidia.

E) hypha.

43) You shake a basidiocarp and a cloud of powdery material is released. What was released?

A) mycelia

B) insects

C) hyphae

D) spores

E) seeds

44) Which of the following would have an ascocarp?

A) truffles

B) rusts

C) smuts

D) Rhizopus

E) chytrids

45) Which pair is mismatched?

A) sporangium—bread mold

B) ascocarp—shelf fungi

C) basidium—club fungi

D) conidia—sac fungi

E) flagellated reproductive cells—chytrids

46) Crustose, fruticose, and foliose obtain their nutrients from photosynthetic cells contained within their middle layer. These are varieties of

A) rusts and smuts.

B) mushrooms.

C) yeasts.

D) lichens.

E) mycorrhizae.

47) The relationship between the fungi and algae in lichens is best described as mutually beneficial.

48) During the baking of bread, what do yeast release that makes the bread rise?

A) ethanol

B) carbon dioxide

C) oxygen

D) spores

E) sugar

49) To be classified as a protist, an organism must be eukaryotic and comprised of a single cell.

50) Which features differentiate most members of protista apart from the rest of the eukaryotic kingdoms?

A) unicellular and microscopic

B) multicellular and microscopic

C) photosynthetic and unicellular

D) heterotrophic and multicellular

E) None of the answer choices is correct.

51) List the five eukaryotic supergroups and indicate the types of organisms that belong in each.

52) Which group of organisms can trace their ancestry to the protists?

A) fungi

B) plants

C) animals

D) All of the answer choices are correct.

E) None of the answer choices is correct.

53) Explain why chytrid fungi (phylum Chytridomycota) are believed to have been the first fungi to have evolved.

54) List the six steps in the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax, the protist that causes malaria.

55) Which of the following fungi cause disease in humans?

A) dermatophytes

B) Candida albicans

C) Histoplasma capsulatum

D) Coccidioides immitis

E) All of the answer choices list fungi that cause disease in humans.

56) Fungal infections are difficult to treat because of the similarity in their nucleus, organelles, and ribosomes to those in human cells.