Principles Of Design Exam Prep Ch.5

Living with Art, 12e (Getlein)

Chapter 5 Principles of Design

1) What is the term for the organization of visual elements in two-dimensional art?

A) Taste

B) Composition

C) Context

D) Pictorial space

E) Visual weight

2) What features are NOT considered principles of design?

A) Unity and variety

B) Emphasis and subordination

C) Balance and rhythm

D) Texture and color

E) Proportion and scale

3) The Mandala of Jnanadakini shows what kind of balance?

A) Asymmetrical

B) Proportional

C) Radial

D) hierarchical

4) Drawing attention to an area by contrasting dark and light is one way of demonstrating ________.

A) texture

B) scale

C) emphasis

D) symmetry 

5) How is scale defined?

A) Color's relation to value

B) Size in relation to a standard or "normal" size

C) Size relation of parts to the whole

D) Repetition of objects in a work

6) With what principle of design does sculptor Claes Oldenburg often experiment?

A) Symmetry

B) Emphasis

C) Scale

D) Balance

E) Unity

7) What object did the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius relate to the perfect geometry of a circle and square?

A) City plazas

B) Church domes

C) Male human form

D) Constellations

E) Castle arches

8) The Parthenon and the Modulor were both designed according to what feature?

A) The vanishing point

B) The true view

C) The silver mean

D) The golden section

E) The central plan

9) What design principle is based on repetition?

A) Rhythm

B) Balance

C) Emphasis

D) Focal point

10) By positioning the dark, dense image of death next to the billowing, light form representing life, Gustav Klimt's painting Death and Life demonstrates artistic use of what design principle?

A) Hierarchical scale

B) Symmetrical balance

C) Unity

D) Asymmetrical balance

11) How may the appearance of balance be achieved in a two-dimensional work with asymmetrical balance?

A) Objects mirror each other across a central axis

B) Use of ideal proportions

C) Distribute visual weight accordingly

D) Use of scale to indicate relative importance

12) Rather than depend solely upon visual unity, an artist will sometimes create ________ unity by unifying the ideas in a work of art.

A) proportional

B) invisible

C) conceptual

D) symmetrical

13) What design principle is exemplified in Haruka Kojin's reflectwo?

A) Symmetrical balance

B) Radial balance

C) The Golden Mean

D) Asymmetrical balance

14) What principle is used in the Thirteen-Diety Jnanadakini Mandala to suggest that there is a logic and order to the universe?

A) Visual weight

B) Asymmetry

C) Proportion

D) Symmetry

15) What kind of unity helps to give Annette Messager's Mes Voeux meaning?

A) Conceptual

B) Radial 

C) Proportional

D) Symmetrical

16) By what method did the ancient Egyptians govern the "correct" proportions of their drawn human figures?

A) Symmetrical balance

B) Visual weight

C) The golden mean

D) A squared grid

17) What feature must be present in a work that is symmetrically balanced?

A) Central axis

B) Hierarchical scale

C) Focal point

D) Golden mean

18) What type of balance gives Pablo Picasso's Girl Before a Mirror meaning, using variety carefully to depict the subject's conscious and unconscious sides?

A) Radial symmetry

B) Conceptual

C) Hierarchical scale

D) Symmetrical

19) What is the focus of Tawaraya Sotatsu's The Zen Priest Choka, emphasized by the artist's daring use of asymmetrical balance?

A) Imbalance

B) Emptiness

C) The Afterlife

D) Order

E) Rebellion

20) What is another term for asymmetrical balance?

A) Radial balance

B) Visual weight

C) Scale

D) Informal balance

21) What aspect is manipulated to affect the balance of the composition?

A) Golden ratio

B) Meaning

C) Modulor

D) Visual weight

22) How does Henry Ossawa Tanner's The Banjo Lesson create emphasis?

A) Size and placement of the figures

B) Symmetrical balance

C) Unrealistic scale

D) Bright colors in the background

23) In the work, Plantoir, Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen created shock value through use of ________.

A) symmetry

B) repetition

C) scale

D) abstraction

E) variety

24) What type of design principle is used in the royal altar to the hand (ikegobo), from Benin?

A) Hierarchical scale

B) Golden section

C) Asymmetrical balance

D) Mandala

25) The ancient Roman architect Vitruvius associated the perfected male form with the perfect geometry of what shapes?

A) Square and rectangle

B) Circle and square

C) Triangle and circle

D) Rectangle and triangle

26) The use of scale to indicate relative importance is known as ________ scale.

A) proportional

B) hierarchical

C) golden

D) rhythmic

E) symmetrical

27) On what feature did Le Corbusier construct the Modulor, a tool used for calculating human proportions?

A) Repeating rhythms

B) Hierarchical scale

C) The golden section

D) Visual weight

28) What aspect forms the basis for rhythm in art?

A) Scale

B) Realistic proportions

C) Focal points

D) Repetition

E) A directional line of sight

29) Artists will often add ________ to provide interest and enliven the unity of a work of art.

A) vanishing points

B) variety

C) golden rectangles

D) primary colors

30) What feature of James McNeill Whistler's work, Billingsgate, creates rhythm?

A) Vertical lines of ship masts

B) Wavelike, horizontal bars

C) Repeating colored circles

D) Strong use of negative space

31) Compare and contrast form and content in two works, one of which has visual unity and the other conceptual unity.

32) Discuss the effects—both visual and emotional—of the symmetry of the Tibetan Thirteen-Deity Jnanadakini Mandala, or of another religious work that employs formal symmetry. 

33) Choose three works that utilize rhythm and compare the emotional and intellectual responses they evoke in you.

34) Explain how artists use the elements of shape, color, texture, and value to create visual balance. Use at least two works of art from other chapters as examples of formal and informal balance. 

35) Discuss at least three ways that artists create compositional unity in a work, referring to specific works of art to support your statements.

36) Select any work in the chapter, except Picasso's Girl Before a Mirror. Identify it by artist, title, and medium. Then identify at least three of the elements of art in the work. Next, indicate three of the principles of design that are evident in the work and describe how the artist has used these elements and principles to convey information through form as well as through content. 

37) Consider Ansel Adams's The Tetons—Snake River, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, included in this chapter of the text. Select three of the principles of design and discuss how Adams has considered these principles in his work. 

38) Consider Klimt's Death and Life and Goya's Executions of the Third of May, 1808, both included in this chapter of the text. Discuss the ways in which each artist visually established focal points or areas of interest. 

39) Consider Leonardo da Vinci's Study of Human Proportions according to Vitruvius, included in this chapter of the text. Identify the century in which Leonardo worked, and discuss his use of proportion in this piece. 

40) Consider Le Corbusier's Poissy bei Paris, Villa Savoye, and Francesco Borromini's San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane in Rome. Identify the historical eras in which each architect worked. Then analyze the visual rhythms and use of symmetry and proportion in these buildings, noting how these characteristics impact our understanding of them.