Population Dynamics Chapter 10 Test Bank

Ecology, 8e (Molles)

Chapter 10 Population Dynamics

1) Type II survivorship curve indicates

A) low juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.

B) high juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.

C) low juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.

D) high juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.

E) equal chance of dying at any age.

2) Type I survivorship curve indicates

A) low juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.

B) high juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.

C) low juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.

D) high juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.

E) equal chance of dying at any age.

3) Type III survivorship curve indicates

A) low juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.

B) high juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.

C) low juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.

D) high juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.

E) equal chance of dying at any age.

4) Humans would best be represented by which of the following survivorships curves?

A) III

B) II

C) I

D) IV

E) None of the choices are correct.

5) Organisms that produce many offspring would best be characterized by which of the following?

A) A convex survivorship curve

B) A concave survivorship curve

C) A linear survivorship curve

D) A sigmoidal survivorship curve

E) None of the choices are correct.

6) The age distribution of a population can reveal

A) growth potential.

B) survivorship.

C) reproduction.

D) both growth potential and survivorship.

E) growth potential, survivorship, and reproduction.

7) Which of the following are mismatched?

A) nx : mortality rate

B) lx : survivorship history

C) R0 : net reproductive rate

D) mx : average number offspring per individual

E) x : age/time interval

8) The "net reproduction rate" equals

A) (∑x lxmx)/R0.

B) ∑ λ nx.

C) ∑ lx mx.

D) ∑ x lx mx.

E) None of the choices are correct.

9) Which of the following statements regarding "mean generation time" is false?

A) It is generally calculated only for the females in a population.

B) It is the average time from offspring to offspring.

C) It can be calculated using a fecundity schedule and life table.

D) It can be used to calculate the geometric growth rate.

E) It can be used to calculate the per capita rate of increase.

10) The "mean generation time" of a population equals

A) (∑x lxmx)/R0.

B) ∑ λ nx.

C) ∑ lx mx.

D) ∑ x lx mx.

E) None of the choices are correct.

11) Which of the following cannot be determined using a fecundity schedule combined with a life table?

A) Per capita rate of increase

B) Net reproductive rate

C) Mean generation time

D) Dispersal rates

E) Geometric rate of increase

12) Which of the following equations best represents the per capita rate of increase?

A) r = T/(ln R0)

B) r = (ln R0)/T

C) λ = Nt/( Nt+1)

D) λ = (Nt+1)/Nt

E) None of the choices are correct.

13) Which of the following equations best represents the geometric rate of increase?

A) r = T/(ln R0)

B) r = (ln R0)/T

C) λ = Nt/( Nt+1)

D) λ = (Nt+1)/Nt

E) None of the choices are correct.

14) Korpimaki and Norrdahl's research on voles (prey) and kestrels and owls (predators) suggest that the predator's population dynamics are

A) a functional response.

B) a numerical response.

C) in response to vole densities.

D) both a functional response and a numerical response.

E) both a numerical response and in response to vole densities.

15) The Africanized honeybee stopped spreading southward through South America by about 1983 in response to

A) unfavorable climatic factors.

B) aggressive pest control measures.

C) introduction of a species-specific parasite as a means of biological control.

D) severe competition with the closely related European honeybee.

E) None of the choices are correct.

16) A group of subpopulations living in spatially isolated patches connected by exchange of individuals among patches is called a(n)

A) micropopulation.

B) megapopulation.

C) isopopulation.

D) allopopulation.

E) metapopulation.

17) Studies by Korpimäki and Norrdahl in western Finland showed that kestrel and owl densities closely follow variation in vole densities with little delay or lag time. They attributed this rapid numerical response to the

A) rapid rates of reproduction in the kestrel and owl populations.

B) nomadic nature of the kestrel and owl populations.

C) sedentary nature of mature individuals in the kestrel and owl populations.

D) lack of adequate predator defenses in the vole populations.

E) rapid rates of reproduction in the vole populations.

18) Roland, Keyghobadi, and Fownes found in smaller meadow habitat, the Rocky Mountain Parnassian butterfly

A) has a larger wing span and more likely to disperse out of the patch.

B) populations are stable.

C) populations are smaller and individuals are more likely to disperse out of the patch.

D) population size is more variable.

E) None of the choices are correct.

19) Which of the following indicates a population in decline?

A) R0 = 6.01

B) R0 = 0.601

C) R0 = 0

D) R0 = - 0.601

E) R0 = - 6.01

20) Calculate the generation time given the following population data:

R0 = 0.601, r = - 0.05, ∑xlxmx = 6.4, mx = 0.96

A) -128

B) 0.15

C) 1.60

D) 6.67

E) 10.6

21) Fecundity is another term for the net reproductive rate.

22) The geometric rate of increase can be used to estimate changes in population size in species with non-overlapping generations.

23) The per capita rate of increase can be used to estimate changes in population size in species with non-overlapping generations.

24) Although the dispersal rate of Africanized bees is impressive, it still pales in comparison to the dispersal rate of the collared dove.

25) Many sedentary organisms have a "dispersing stage" and rely on vectors such as animals, water, or wind to aid in their spread.

26) The geometric rate of increase cannot be a negative number.

27) The per capita rate of increase cannot be a negative number.

28) Individuals born during a specified time period are grouped as a ________.

29) ________ is the process by which individuals disperse out of a population.

30) The study of the expansion, decline, and maintenance of populations is called

A) dispersal.

B) drift.

C) age distribution.

D) population dynamics.

31) Determine the size of a colony of bees after the following changes occur: original population size is 75, 15 births, 8 deaths, 3 emigrants, and 5 immigrants.

A) 106

B) 84

C) 44

D) 90

32) After the last ice age, trees in North America had which of the following responses?

A) Both maple and hemlock trees expanded their ranges north.

B) Only maple trees moved north, hemlock trees did not expand their range.

C) Only hemlock trees moved north, maple trees did not expand their range.

D) Neither maple nor hemlock trees expanded their ranges.

33) In stream environments the downstream drift of organisms is countered by the upstream movements in addition to reproduction.  What is the name for this process?

A) Survivorship curve

B) Population dynamics

C) Colonization cycle

D) Spates

34) Age distribution can be used to calculate

A) survival.

B) drift.

C) colonization cycles.

D) dispersal.

35) The image shown here could be used to construct

A) a cohort list.

B) a survivorship curve.

C) the pattern of survival.

D) the rate of dispersal.

36) This white oak population shows which of the following is occurring?

A) The white oak population is stable or growing.

B) The white oak population is declining.

C) The white oak population will go extinct soon.

D) The white oak population is moving to a new location. 

37) Research conducted in the Bavarian Forest National Park shows that plants, insects, and birds have had a different responses to climate warming.  Which of the following statements is correct?

A) Plants have moved south while insects and birds have stayed in the same location.

B) Insects and birds have moved north while plants have not moved.

C) Plants have moved north while insects and birds have not moved.

D) Insects and birds have moved south while plants have moved north.

38) Research conducted in the United Kingdom shows that approximately 84% of the species studied shifted their ranges northward.  This change correlates to which of the follwoing?

A) New predators

B) Increase in global temperature

C) Decrease in habitat

D) Decrease in temperature