Particle Physics Ch30 Test Bank

Physics, 9e (Giambattista)

Chapter 30 Particle Physics

1) Who is credited with first speculating that matter is composed of tiny unseen units?

A) Democritus

B) Aristarchus

C) Aristotle

D) Newton

E) Einstein

2) That matter is composed of quarks was first proposed by

A) Blatt and Weiskopf.

B) Gell-Mann and Zweig.

C) Rutherford and Geiger.

D) Bardeen and Cooper.

E) Feynman and Schwinger.

3) A bound quark-antiquark pair is called a

A) proton.

B) neutron.

C) meson.

D) baryon.

E) lepton.

4) A bound triplet of quarks is called a

A) beta particle.

B) meson.

C) baryon.

D) lepton.

E) neutrino.

5) Ordinary matter only contains which generation(s) of quarks?

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) I and II

E) I, II, and III

6) Not counting antiparticles, how many different leptons are there?

A) 2

B) 4

C) 6

D) 8

E) 10

7) The electron antineutrino is which of the following types of particle?

A) meson

B) baryon

C) hadron

D) lepton

E) quark

8) The quark structure of the neutron is

A) uub

B) udb

C) udd

D) uds

E) uūd

9) The proton has the quark structure

A) uud

B) udd

C) uūd

D)

E) ddd

10) In terms of e, what is the charge of a particle whose quark composition is uds?

A) 0

B) 1

C) −1

D) 2

E) −2

11) If a reaction involving hadrons were written at the quark level as ūd + uud → d + X, which of the following could be the quark composition of the unknown last particle X?

A) udc

B) uus

C) uds

D) u

E) cū

12) Quarks come in how many flavors?

A) 2

B) 3

C) 4

D) 5

E) 6

13) Which of the following is not an abbreviation for a quark flavor?

A) u

B) s

C) b

D) t

E) r

14) A particle with a quark structure ds̄ is a

A) baryon.

B) lepton.

C) meson.

D) proton.

15) A muon is a

A) baryon.

B) lepton.

C) hadron.

D) proton.

16) Ordinary matter contains only the following quarks

A) strange and charm.

B) bottom and top.

C) up and down.

D) right and left.

17) Baryons are composed of

A) any odd number of quarks.

B) three quarks of matching color.

C) three quarks of three different colors.

D) a colorless quark-antiquark pair.

18) Mesons are composed of

A) three quarks of matching color.

B) three quarks of three different colors.

C) any two quarks.

D) any quark-antiquark combination.

E) a colorless quark-antiquark pair.

F) a quark and antiquark of different colors.

19) Quark flavors include

A) up, down.

B) red, green.

C) muon, pion.

D) cyan, magenta.

E) lepton, gluon.

20) In terms of e, the charge on a particle that has quark structure uus is

A) 0

B) 1

C) −1

D) 2/3

E) −4/3

21) Which of the following particles does not take part in mediating the weak interaction?

A) W+

B) W−

C) π0

D) Z0

E) All these choices are involved in mediating the weak interaction.

22) Arrange the strong (S), electromagnetic (EM), weak (W), and gravitational (G) forces from weakest to strongest.

A) W, G, EM, S

B) W, G, S, EM

C) G, W, S, EM

D) G, W, EM, S

E) W, S, G, EM

23) Which of the following is not a color charge associated with the strong interaction?

A) red

B) blue

C) yellow

D) green

E) All of these are color charges for the strong interaction.

24) The exchange particles for the strong interaction are

A) positrons

B) quarks

C) leptons

D) gluons

E) muons

25) Which force does not diminish with increasing distance?

A) the force between quarks

B) the force between opposite charges

C) the force between masses

D) the force between magnets

E) None of these choices are correct.

26) In the weak interaction in the decay of the neutron, what happens to the W− particle produced in the process?

A) It decays into an electron.

B) It decays into a neutrino.

C) It decays into an electron and an electron neutrino.

D) It decays into an electron and an electron antineutrino.

E) Nothing; it stays a W− particle.

27) Isolated quarks were first observed in

A) 1938.

B) 1955.

C) 1976.

D) 2012, with the discovery of the Higgs boson.

E) Isolated quarks have not been observed.

28) Immediately after the Big Bang, how many types of interaction are there believed to have been?

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 4

29) The top quark has a mass of about 173 GeV/c2. What is its mass in atomic mass units?

A) 175 u

B) 186 u

C) 163 u

D) 58 u

E) 19 u

30) In an accelerator, two protons collide head-on and the following reaction takes place: p + p → p + p + π0. What is the minimum kinetic energy of each initial proton for this reaction to occur? The mass of the proton is 938 MeV/c2 and the mass of the neutral pion is 135 MeV/c2.

A) 938 MeV

B) 187 MeV

C) 135 MeV

D) 67.5 MeV

E) 0 MeV

31) One way to estimate the range of an interaction is by using the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Assume that the uncertainty in the energy of an exchange particle is given by its rest energy and that the particle travels at nearly the speed of light. Under those assumptions, what is the approximate range of the weak interaction mediated by the Z0 particle, which has a mass of 91.2 GeV/c2?

A) 10−15 m

B) 10−18 m

C) 10−21 m

D) 10−24 m

E) 10−27 m

32) Which of the following particles not considered to be elementary?

A) the electron

B) the electron antineutrino

C) the neutron

D) the muon

E) the tau

33) Which of the answer choices below could be the unknown particle X in the following reaction?

p + → + X

A) π0

B) π−

C) e+

D) p

E)

34) The neutral pion decays by π0 → 2ϒ. The mass of the neutral pion is 135 MeV/c2. What is the energy of each of the photons if the pion is at rest when it decays?

A) 270 MeV

B) 135 MeV

C) 67.5 MeV

D) 1.02 MeV

35) Which of the conservation laws listed below would definitely be violated in the following reaction?  π+ + p → p + π−?

A) baryon number

B) energy

C) momentum

D) charge

36) In addition to charge and baryon number, another conserved quantity in particle interactions is lepton number. The six leptons have lepton number +1, and their antiparticles have lepton number −1. The lepton numbers for each generation (electron, muon, tau) are separately conserved. For example, an electron has electron-lepton number +1, while the electron antineutrino has electron-lepton number −1. What is the missing particle X in the following reaction? vμ + → + X

A) e−

B) τ−

C) μ−

D) π−

E)

37) In addition to charge and baryon number, another conserved quantity in particle interactions is lepton number. The six leptons have lepton number +1, and their antiparticles have lepton number −1. The lepton numbers for each generation (electron, muon, tau) are separately conserved. For example, an electron has electron-lepton number +1, while the electron antineutrino has electron-lepton number −1. What is the missing particle X in the following decay? π+ → X + νμ

A) μ−

B) μ0

C) π−

D) π0

E) μ+

38) In addition to charge and baryon number, another conserved quantity in particle interactions is lepton number. The six leptons have lepton number +1, and their antiparticles have lepton number −1. The lepton numbers for each generation (electron, muon, tau) are separately conserved. For example, an electron has electron-lepton number +1, while the electron antineutrino has electron-lepton number −1. What is the missing particle X in the following reaction? μ−+ p → n  + X

A) e−

B) π0

C) ve

D) vμ

E) γ

39) The neutron decays into a proton, electron, and an electron antineutrino. Into what does the antineutron decay?

A) a proton, positron, and electron antineutrino

B) an antiproton, positron, and electron neutrino

C) a proton, electron, and electron antineutrino

D) an antiproton, electron, and electron neutrino

E) an antiproton, electron, and electron antineutrino

40) Gluons can absorb and emit

A) electrons.

B) protons.

C) photons.

D) baryons.

E) gluons.

41) Hadrons that contain one or more strange quarks are called strange particles. When a strange hadron decays into particles that are not strange, it is a manifestation of the

A) electromagnetic interaction.

B) strong interaction.

C) weak interaction.

D) gravitational interaction.

42) Which of the following particles interact via the strong interaction?

A) gravitons

B) quarks

C) leptons

D) neutrinos

E) photons

43) The exchange particle that mediates the strong interaction is the

A) gluon.

B) photon.

C) graviton.

D) neutrino.

44) The weak interaction is mediated by

A) gluon.

B) photon.

C) mesons.

D) W+, W−, Z0.

E) leptons.

45) The standard model does not include which interaction?

A) electromagnetic

B) gravitational

C) weak

D) strong

E) It includes all of these choices.

46) The most recent unification of fundamental forces included which interactions?

A) electromagnetic and gravitational

B) electromagnetic and strong

C) electromagnetic and weak

D) strong and weak

E) gravitational and weak

47) In brane-world theory, there are extra

A) strings.

B) gluons.

C) monopoles.

D) dimensions.

E) leptons.

48) SLAC is an abbreviation for a

A) linear accelerator.

B) synchrotron.

C) storage lane.

D) machine at Fermilab.

E) machine at CERN.

49) LHC stands for

A) Lorentz Heavy Centrifuge.

B) Level Height Charges.

C) Laser Hertz Catalyzer.

D) Large Hadron Collider.

E) None of these choices are correct.

50) An accelerator that slams particles moving in opposite directions into one another is called a

A) collider

B) synchrotron

C) linear accelerator

D) storage ring

E) de Broglie modulator

51) The LHC is located at CERN in

A) Germany and Poland.

B) Switzerland and France.

C) France and Belgium.

D) the United States and Canada.

E) Texas.

52) The baryon having which of the following quark contents has electric charge −e?

A) csd

B) dds

C) uud

D) bbc

53) The baryon having which of the following quark contents is electrically neutral?

A) dds

B) bbc

C) uud

D) ucs

54) The meson having which of the following quark contents is electrically neutral?

A) s

B) d

C) u

D) b

E) c

55) The meson having which of the following quark contents has electric charge −e?

A) b

B) c

C) c

D) d

E) u

56) The neutrino does not

A) have electric charge.

B) interact with other particles.

C) have momentum.

D) have energy.

E) have mass.

57) Which of the fundamental interactions governs the following decay? π+ → e+ + ve?

A) strong nuclear

B) electromagnetic 

C) gravitational

D) weak nuclear

58) Which of the fundamental interactions governs the following decay? πo → y + y

A) weak nuclear

B) electromagnetic

C) gravitational

D) strong nuclear

59) An electron and a positron, each having kinetic energy 1.843 GeV, collide head-on and annihilate, producing a proton and antiproton pair (M = 938.3 MeV/c2). What is the kinetic energy of the antiproton produced in this way?

A) 0.938 GeV.

B) 0.905 GeV.

C) 1.586 GeV.

D) 1.843 GeV.

60) Accelerated electron beams are often used to study features of atoms on the surfaces of materials. If you wanted to alter the design of an electron accelerator to produce an electron beam appropriate for the studying the nuclei of atoms instead, what would be the appropriate alteration?

A) Increase the number of electrons per unit time in the beam

B) Decrease the number of electrons per unit time in the beam

C) Increase the energy of the electrons in the beam

D) Decrease the energy of the electrons in the beam

E) Increase the transverse beam size

F) Decrease the transverse beam size