P-Block Chemistry Full Test Bank Chapter.27

Chapter 27: p-Block Chemistry

Test Bank

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 01

1) The elements of Group 16 are a mixture of metals, non metals and metalloids. True or false?

a. True

b. False

2) Oxidation states in covalently bonded compounds are often referred to as ______ oxidation states.

Section reference: 27.1

a. formal

Type: multiple response question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 03

3) Which of the following oxidation states are common for Group 17 elements? Please select all that apply.

Section reference: 27.1, Table 27.1

a. +7

b. +1

c. –1

d. +4

Type: matching question

Title: Chapter 27- Question 04

4) Match the p-block oxide with the expected structure bearing in mind that covalent compounds are formed from elements of similar electronegativity by electron sharing.

Section reference: 27.1 Table 27.4

a. SO₂ = Covalent molecules

b. SiO₂ = Covalent network with polar bonds

c. XeO₄ = Covalent molecules

d. Ga₂O₃ = Ionic structure showing some covalency

Type: multiple response question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 05

5) Which of the following statements apply to the p-block elements? Please select all that apply.

Section reference: 27.1

a. The oxidation state of the common anions is always equal to the number of valence electrons minus eight.

b. The ionic character decreases left to right across the period.

c. The acidic character increases left to right across the period.

d. The maximum oxidation state of the cation, increases left to right across the Periodic Table.

Type: fill-in-blank

Title: Chapter 27 Question 06

6) The incidence of the oxidation state two less than the group number in the p-block elements _______ down the group.

Section reference: 27.1

a. Increases

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 07

7) Bond enthalpies get smaller for M–X as a group in the p block is descended. True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.1, Table 27.3

b. False

Section reference: 27.1, Table 27.3

Type: multiple response question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 08

8) In the third period (Na to Cl), the M–X bond when X has lone pairs, is always stronger than the M–X bond of the corresponding element in the row above. Please select all that apply.

Section reference: 27.1

a. Due to a short bond length, the lone pair repulsion between M and X is stronger for the first row.

b. Due to a short bond length in the first row, the electron rich ligands with lone pairs are brought close together and repel each other.

c. The bigger difference in electronegativity between the two species results in polarization of the bonds and more ionic character for the second row.

d. The bigger difference in electronegativity between the two species results in polarisation of the bonds and less ionic character for the second row.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 09

9) Gallium lies in Group 13 of the Period Table but a compound with empirical formula ‘GaCl₂’ exists – how is this possible?

Section reference: 27.2

a. Group 13 elements form +3 compounds and +2 compounds.

b. The compound is exhibiting the inert pair effect forming Ga⁺ and Cl₂^– ions.

c. The compound is exhibiting the inert pair effect and contains both Ga(I) and Ga(III) ions i.e. Ga⁺[GaCl₄]^–.

d. It forms a structure similar to aluminium chloride and is made up of three centre, four electron bonds.

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 10

10) Unlike iron, aluminium is naturally resistant to corrosion as a thin layer of oxide forms on the surface True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.2

b. False

Section reference: 27.2

Type: multiple response question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 11

11) Why is the C–F bond significantly stronger than either the C–C or the F–F bond? Please select all that apply.

Section reference: 27.3

a. C-F is strengthened by electrostatic interactions.

b. C-C is very weak due to a number of lone pairs.

c. F-F is very weak due to a number of lone pairs and a very short bond.

d. Bonds between atoms that are different tend to be stronger than bonds between atoms that are the same

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 12

12) BI₃ is a much stronger Lewis acid than BF₃. True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.2

b. False

Section reference: 27.2

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 13

13) An enthalpy cycle for the formation of monovalent aluminium halides is given below.

Use the data given below (kJ mol^–1) to show which oxidation state is favoured in each case.

I₁ = 577 kJ mol^–1 I₂ = 1816 kJ mol^–1 I₃ = 2743 kJ mol^–1

ΔH_sub = 324 kJ mol^–1

ΔH (AlF) = –910 kJ mol^–1

ΔH (AlI) = –696 kJ mol^–1

ΔH (AlF₃) = –6380 kJ mol^–1

ΔH (AlI₃)= –4706 kJ mol^–1

Section reference: 27.2

a. aluminium(III) fluoride and aluminium(III) iodide

b. aluminium(I) fluoride and aluminium(III) iodide

c. aluminium(I) fluoride and aluminium(I) iodide

d. aluminium(III) fluoride and aluminium(I) iodide

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 14

14) The bridging chlorine atoms in the dimer Al₂Cl₆ are involved in 3-centre 4-electron bonds. True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.2

b. False

Section reference: 27.2

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 15

15) The most abundant oxides of carbon and silicon have totally different structures. Carbon dioxide is a triatomic gas and silicon dioxide forms a macromolecular solid. The difference in structure of the two compounds is due to the difference in π bond strength. True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.3

b. False

Section reference: 27.3

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 16

16) Which of the following species does not act as a Lewis Acid?

Section reference: 27.2

a. SiF₄

b. SnI₄

c. CCl₄

d. SiCl₄

Type: multiple response question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 17

17) Cyanogen, (CN)₂, is sometimes called a pseudohalogen. Why? Please select all that apply:

Section reference: 27.3

a. It exists as a dimer.

b. It forms similar compounds to the halogens, e.g. Cl^– and CN^– both give a white precipitate with silver nitrate.

c. The bond between the CN–CN groups can be broken by UV light.

d. It reacts with halogens readily.

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 18

15) KClO₃ and S are used in the heads of safety matches. The reaction between them (which is extremely exothermic) is initiated by friction caused by striking the head of the match against a strip of white phosphorus. True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.4

b. False

Section reference: 27.4

Type: matching question

Title: Chapter 27- Question 19

19) Match the equation with the type of reaction occurring.

Section reference:27.5(catenation), 27.4 (conproportionation), 26.2 (disproportionation), 26.2(deliquescence)

a. O₂^2– → O^2_ + ¹/₂O₂

= disproportionation

b. I₃^– + I₂ → I₅^–

= catenation

c. NH₄NO₃ (s) → N₂O (g) + 2H₂O (g) = conproportionation

d. Cu(NO₃)₂·5H₂O (s) → Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq) = deliquescence

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 20

20) Chlorofluorocarbons are responsible for depleting stratospheric ozone. Fluorine radicals react with ozone to generate oxygen and regenerate the fluorine radicals. True or false?

a. True

Section reference:27.5, 27.6, Box 27.8

b. False

Section reference:27.5, 27.6Box 27.8

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 21

21) The bond dissociation enthalpies of the Group 17 elements in reducing order of magnitude is?

Section reference: 27.6, Table 27.10

a. F-F > Cl-C l >Br-Br > I-I > As-As

b. Cl-Cl > Br-Br > F-F > I-I > As-As

c. Cl-Cl > F-F > Br-Br > I-I > As-As

d. As-As > I-I > Br-Br > Cl-Cl > F-F

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 22

22) Sulfur hexafluoride is very unreactive because the sulfur centre is extremely sterically hindered. True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.5

b. False

Section reference: 27.5

Type: matching question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 23

Section reference: 27.6

a. HClO₄ = 3

b. ClO₂ = 2

c. HClO₂ = 1

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 27 Question 24

24) ClF₅ is an example of an interhalogen. True or false?

a. True

Section reference: 27.6

b. False

Section reference: 27.6

Type: multiple response question

Title: Chapter 27 Question 25

25) Which elements of Group 18 form compounds that exist under standard conditions? Please select all that apply:

Section reference: 27.7

a. He

b. Kr

c. Ne

d. Xe