Organic Chemistry and Biomolecules Ch7 Test Bank Answers

Test questions for Chapter 7

Organic Chemistry and Biomolecules

1. Which of the following organic molecules contains at least one functional group?

I II III IV V

1. All of these molecules contain at least one functional group.
2. All of these molecules except I contain at least one functional group.
3. Molecules II, III, and IV contain at least one functional group.
4. Only molecules III and IV contain a functional group.
5. None of these molecules contain a functional group.
6. Which of the following statements does NOT describe functional groups?
   1. A functional group must contain a heteroatom.
   2. Functional groups are groups of atoms that have characteristic reactivity.
   3. Functional groups are groups of atoms that have characteristic physical properties.
   4. Functional groups are characteristic arrangements of atoms and bonds.
   5. Carbon-carbon single bonds are not normally considered functional groups.
7. What are the names of the functional groups in the following molecules?

I II III

• 1. I: diene II: alkyne III: alkene
  2. I: alkene II: alkane III: alkyne
  3. I: alkyne II: alkene III: alkyne
  4. I: alkene II: diene III: alkyne
  5. I: diene II: alkene III: alkyne

1. Which of the following molecules contain(s) a polar bond?

I II III IV V

1. All of these molecules contain polar functional groups.
2. All of these molecules except V contain a polar functional group.
3. All of these molecules except III and V contain a polar functional group.
4. Only I and II contain a polar functional group.
5. Only III contains a polar functional group.
6. Which of the following molecules contain(s) a nonpolar functional group?

I II III IV V

1. All of these molecules contain nonpolar functional groups.
2. All of these molecules except V contain a nonpolar functional group.
3. All of these molecules except III and V contain a polar functional group.
4. Only III and V contain a nonpolar functional group.
5. Only III contains a nonpolar functional group.
6. How do molecules with polar functional groups behave differently than molecules with nonpolar functional groups?
   1. Molecules with polar functional groups are more reactive.
   2. Molecules with polar functional groups have higher boiling points.
   3. Molecules with polar functional groups can be soluble in water.
   4. Molecules with polar functional groups have higher melting points.
   5. All of the above
7. Which of the following statements does NOT describe how functional groups are used in organic chemistry?
   1. Functional groups are used to organize and classify organic molecules.
   2. Functional groups are used to predict reactivity of molecules.
   3. Functional groups are used to predict physical properties of molecules.
   4. Functional groups are used in naming organic molecules.
   5. Functional groups are used to determine the natural abundance of a molecule.
8. Which of the following molecules contain(s) an alcohol?

I II III

1. All of these molecules contain an alcohol.
2. I only
3. II only
4. III only
5. Both I and II contain an alcohol.
6. Which of the following alcohols are found in alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer?
   1. methanol
   2. ethanol
   3. propanol
   4. isopropanol
   5. tert-butanol
7. Which of the following molecules contain(s) an ether functional group?

I II III

1. All of these molecules contain an ether.
2. I only
3. II only
4. III only
5. Both I and II contain an ether.
6. Which of the molecules contain(s) an ether functional group?

I II III IV V

• 1. All of these molecules are ethers.
  2. Only II is an ether.
  3. Molecules II and IV are ethers.
  4. Molecules I and V are ethers.
  5. All molecules except molecule III are ethers.

1. Which of the molecules contain(s) a hydroxyl group?

I II III IV V

• 1. All of these molecules contain a hydroxyl group.
  2. Only molecule I contains a hydroxyl group.
  3. Molecules II and IV contain a hydroxyl group.
  4. Molecules I and V contain a hydroxyl group.
  5. All molecules except molecule III contain hydroxyl groups.

1. Which of these molecules contain(s) a secondary alcohol?

I II III IV V

• 1. Molecules I, III, and IV contain a secondary alcohol.
  2. Only molecule V contains a secondary alcohol.
  3. Molecules II and IV contain a secondary alcohol.
  4. Only molecule I contains a secondary alcohol.
  5. All molecules except molecule II contain a secondary alcohol.

1. Which statement best describes the relationship between the following two molecules?

• 1. They react in the same way.
  2. They have the same boiling point.
  3. They have the same solubility.
  4. They are isomers.
  5. All of the above

1. Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols. In order to determine how to classify an alcohol, the number of carbon groups attached to a particular atom in the molecule is counted. Which atom in the molecule below is it?

a. a

b. b

c. c

d. d

e. e

1. Which statement best describes the following molecule?

• 1. This molecule is a primary ether.
  2. This molecule is a tertiary ether.
  3. This molecule is a primary alcohol.
  4. This molecule is a secondary alcohol.
  5. This molecule is a tertiary alcohol.

1. Which of the following molecules contain(s) a primary alcohol?

• 1. chitin and glucose
  2. glucose and adrenalin
  3. adrenalin and serine
  4. chitin, glucose, and serine
  5. All of these molecules contain a primary alcohol.

1. Glucose is an example of a(n)

• 1. diol.
  2. triol.
  3. polyol.
  4. ether.
  5. phenol.

1. Molecules containing two hydroxyl groups are referred to as
   1. diols.
   2. triols.
   3. polyols.
   4. ethers.
   5. phenols.
2. Which of the following molecules is methoxypropane?

I II III IV

1. All of these molecules are methoxypropane.
2. All of these molecules except IV are methoxypropane.
3. Both I and II are methoxypropane.
4. Only I is methoxypropane.
5. Only IV is methoxypropane.
6. What is the IUPAC name of CH₃CH₂OCH₃?
   1. butyl ether
   2. 2-propylether
   3. ethoxymethane
   4. methyl ether
   5. methoxyethane
7. What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

• 1. 1,2,3,3-tetramethylpropan-1-ol
  2. 1,2,3-trimethylbutan-1-ol
  3. 2,3,4-trimethylbutan-1-ol
  4. 3,4-dimethylpentan-2-ol
  5. 2,3-dimethylpenan-2-ol

1. What is the parent chain name of the following molecule?

• 1. hexan-1-ol
  2. pentan-1-ol
  3. pentan-5-ol
  4. hexan-6-ol
  5. hexan-2-ol

1. What is the IUPAC name of this molecule?

• 1. 2-ethylpentan-5-ol
  2. 4-ethylpentan-1-ol
  3. 4-methylhexan-1-ol
  4. 3-methylhexan-6-ol
  5. 5-methylhexan-1-ol

1. Which of the following molecules is 2-methylbutan-2-ol?

a. b. c. d. e.

1. Which of the following structures is 3-methylphenol?

I II III IV

1. All of these structures are 3-methylphenol.
2. Both I and III are 3-methylphenol.
3. Both II and IV are 3-methylphenol.
4. Only I is 3-methylphenol.
5. Only III is 3-methylphenol.
6. Which of these molecules has the lowest boiling point?

• 1. b. c. d. e.

1. Which of these molecules is the least soluble in water?

• 1. b. c. d. e.

1. Which of these molecules is the most soluble in water?

• 1. b. c. d. e.

1. Which statement best describes why ethers have lower boiling points than alcohols of the same molecular weight?
   1. Ethers cannot hydrogen bond to one another.
   2. Alcohols cannot hydrogen bond to one another.
   3. Ethers can hydrogen bond with water.
   4. Alcohols can hydrogen bond with water.
   5. Ethers cannot hydrogen bond with water.
2. Which of the following molecules is the most water soluble?

1. Which statement best describes which characteristics of an alcohol must be considered in order to determine whether or not the alcohol is soluble in water.
   1. the molecular weight of the alcohol
   2. the number of carbons in the alcohol
   3. the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule
   4. the degree of branching of the molecule
   5. both the number of carbons and the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule
2. As the number of hydroxyl groups in a molecule __________, the solubility of the molecule increases. As the number of carbons in a molecule ___________, the solubility decreases.
   1. increases; increases
   2. decreases; decreases
   3. decreases, increases
   4. increases, decreases
   5. Actually, the number of hydroxyl groups and carbons in a molecule do not affect a molecule’s solubility.
3. Which of the following diagrams best illustrates the interaction of dimethyl ether with water? Note that dashed lines indicate intermolecular forces of attraction.

a. b. c. d. e.

1. An arrow is pointing to the oxygen of the alcohol. What is the C-O-H bond angle?

• 1. 90°
  2. 109.5°
  3. 120°
  4. 180°
  5. 270°

1. What is the molecular shape around the oxygen atom?

• 1. bent
  2. trigonal planar
  3. trigonal pyramidal
  4. tetrahedral
  5. linear

1. Which of the following is the best description of this alcohol?

• 1. It is a 1° alcohol.
  2. It is a 2° alcohol.
  3. It is a 3° alcohol.
  4. It is a 4° alcohol.
  5. It is both a 1° and a 2° alcohol.

1. Which of the following molecules is a secondary amine?

I II III IV

1. All of these molecules are secondary amines.
2. I is the only secondary amine.
3. II is the only secondary amine.
4. I and II are both secondary amines.
5. II and III are both secondary amines.
6. The following molecule is a _____ amine.

1. Physiologically active nitrogen compounds that are derived from plants are called
   1. antacids.
   2. acids.
   3. amides.
   4. alkaloids.
   5. steroids.
2. Which choice best describes the functional groups in adrenaline, the neurotransmitter responsible for the “fight or flight” response?

Adrenaline

• 1. phenol, secondary alcohol, secondary amine
  2. phenol, secondary alcohol, primary amine
  3. phenol, primary alcohol, secondary amine
  4. phenol, secondary alcohol, secondary amide
  5. phenol, secondary alcohol, primary amide

1. What is the molecular shape of the amine nitrogen in adrenaline?

Adrenaline

• 1. linear
  2. bent
  3. trigonal planar
  4. trigonal pyramidal
  5. tetrahedral

1. Can adrenaline form hydrogen bonds, and if so, which functional groups are involved?

Adrenaline

• 1. No, adrenaline is too stable to form hydrogen bonds.
  2. No, adrenaline has an aromatic ring that prevents it from forming hydrogen bonds.
  3. Yes, the amine hydrogen bonds.
  4. Yes, the alcohol hydrogen bonds.
  5. Yes, both the alcohol and amine hydrogen bond.

1. Adrenaline is responsible for the body’s “fight or flight” response. Taking amphetamines results in a similar response. Which of the following statements best explains this observation?

• 1. Adrenaline and amphetamine are both metabolized in the same way because they have similar structures.
  2. Adrenaline and amphetamine both bind to the same receptor because they have similar structures.
  3. Amphetamine replaces adrenaline in important biosynthetic pathways.
  4. There are two different pathways for the “fight or flight” response. Adrenaline activates one and amphetamine activates the other.
  5. No one understands why this occurs.

1. What is the structure of polyatomic cation formed when methylamine removes a hydrogen ion (H⁺) from water?

1. When administered as a treatment for anaphylaxis, adrenaline is administered as a positively charged ion. What is the structure of this positively charged ion?

1. Which of the following illustrations best describes the polarity of methylamine?

a. b. c. d. e.

1. One of the trends that can be observed from the following table of amines and their boiling points is that:

• 1. All secondary amines have similar boiling points.
  2. Branched amines have higher boiling points than unbranched amines.
  3. Secondary amines have higher boiling points than primary amines.
  4. Secondary amines have lower boiling points than primary amines.
  5. All molecules with similar molecular weights have similar boiling points.

1. Which statement best describes why amine I has a lower boiling point than II and III?

• 1. I has a lower molecular weight.
  2. I does not have a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen and so it does not form a hydrogen bond.
  3. I is more highly branched and so it does not form as many dipole-dipole interactions between the carbon and nitrogen.
  4. I has a higher molecular weight.
  5. I cannot form an ion.

1. Which of the following molecules is N-methylbutan-1-amine?

1. What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

1. N,N,3-triethylpropanamine
2. N,N-ethylpropanamine
3. N-pentylpentan-3-amine
4. N,N-dimethylpentan-3-amine
5. N,N-diethylpentan-3-amine
6. In which structure below is the parent chain numbered correctly?

a. b. c. d. e.

1. Which statement best describes how aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids are similar?
   1. They are geometric isomers.
   2. They are constitutional isomers.
   3. They are conformers.
   4. They all contain hydroxyl groups.
   5. They all contain carbonyl groups.
2. Which of the following molecules contains an aldehyde?
   1. CH₃CH₂OH
   2. CH₃COCH₃
   3. CH₃CHO
   4. CH₃OCH₃
   5. All of the above molecules contain aldehydes.
3. Which of the following molecules contains an aldehyde?
   1. propanal
   2. propanol
   3. propanone
   4. propanoic acid
   5. propanamide
4. The simplest aldehyde is formaldehyde, which is used as a preservative. Which of the following molecules is formaldehyde?
   1. HCHO
   2. CH₃OH
   3. CH₃COCH₃
   4. CH₃CH₂OHCH₃
   5. CH₃CHO
5. What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

• 1. 2-methylbutanal
  2. 2-carbonylpropane
  3. 2-pentanal
  4. 3-methylbutanone
  5. 3-methylbutanal

1. Below are several different molecules. Which ones contain a ketone?

I II III IV

1. All of these molecules contain a ketone.
2. All of these molecules except III contain a ketone.
3. Only I and II are ketones.
4. Only I and IV are ketones.
5. Only I is a ketone.
6. Which of the following molecules contains at least one ketone?
   1. testosterone
   2. acetone
   3. hydrocodone
   4. prednisone
   5. All of the above
7. What is the name of the following molecule?

• 1. 1-methylcyclopentan-3-one
  2. 1-methylcyclopentan-3-al
  3. 3-methylcyclopentanal
  4. 3-methylcyclopentanol
  5. 3-methylcyclopentanone

1. Below is a ball-and-stick model of acetone. Which of the following Lewis structures is acetone?

oxygen

a. b. c. d. e.

1. Does isopropyl alcohol have a higher or lower boiling point than acetone?

• 1. Higher, because isopropyl alcohol can hydrogen bond
  2. Lower, because isopropyl alcohol can hydrogen bond
  3. Higher, because isopropyl alcohol can form dispersion forces
  4. Lower, because isopropyl alcohol can form dispersion forces
  5. It is not possible to determine the answer based on the information provided.

1. Methadone, a drug used to aid in the withdrawal from heroin, contains several functional groups. Which functional group is NOT found in methadone?

Methadone

• 1. two benzene rings
  2. a tertiary amine
  3. a ketone
  4. an aldehyde
  5. Neither a tertiary amine nor an aldehyde is found in methadone.

1. A common misconception is that the following molecule contains two functional groups, an alcohol and a ketone, but this is not the case. What functional group does this molecule actually contain and why is it important to differentiate between this functional group and an alcohol?

• 1. This molecule contains a carboxylic acid, which reacts very differently than an alcohol.
  2. This molecule contains a carboxylic acid, which is an isomer of an alcohol.
  3. This molecule contains a carbonyl, which hydrogen bonds much more than an alcohol.
  4. This molecule contains a carbonyl, which reacts very differently than an alcohol.
  5. This molecule contains a carboxylic acid, which is unreactive.

1. Which of the following molecules contain a carboxylic acid?
   1. CH₃COOH
   2. 
   3. CH₃CO₂H
   4. 
   5. All of the above
2. What is the name of the following molecule?

• 1. butanoic acid
  2. 1-hydroxypentanal
  3. 1-hydroxypentanone
  4. pentanoic acid
  5. 5-pentanoic acid

1. Which of the following molecules is acetic acid?
   1. CH₃COOH
   2. CH₃COO^-
   3. CH₃CH₂COOH
   4. CH₃CH₂COO^-
   5. CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH
2. What is the product when a carboxylic acid donates a proton ion (H⁺) to water?

1. Which of the following choices best describes the functional group(s) in this molecule?

• 1. a carboxylic acid
  2. a carboxylate
  3. an alcohol and a ketone
  4. an alcohol and an aldehyde
  5. an alcohol, a sodium, and a carbonyl

1. What type of biomolecule is shown below?

• 1. a fatty acid
  2. a nucleic acid
  3. an amino acid
  4. a sugar
  5. This is not a biomolecule.

1. Which of the following molecules has the highest boiling point?

1. Which functional groups are in the following molecule of aspirin?

• 1. a benzene ring, an ester, a ketone, and an alcohol
  2. a benzene ring, two ketones, an ether, and an alcohol
  3. a benzene ring, a carboxylic acid, an ether, and a ketone
  4. a benzene ring, a carboxylic acid, and an ester
  5. a phenol, two ketones, and an alcohol

1. Anandamide is a neurotransmitter that is involved in controlling mood and appetite. Which choice best describes the functional groups found in this molecule?

• 1. alcohols, esters, alkenes, and ketones
  2. alcohols, ketones, and alkenes
  3. alcohols, phenols, and ketones
  4. phenols, ethers, alkenes, esters, and ketones
  5. phenols, ethers, alkenes, and ketones

1. What type of carbonyl containing compound has the following general structure?

• 1. aldehyde
  2. amide
  3. thioester
  4. ester
  5. carboxylic acid

1. What is the name of the carbonyl-containing compound that has the following general structure: RCO₂R?
   1. aldehyde
   2. amide
   3. thioester
   4. ester
   5. carboxylic acid
2. Which of the compounds has the highest boiling point?

a. b. c. d. e.

1. Which of the following molecules is ethyl butanoate?

1. What is the IUPAC name of the parent chain of the following molecule?

• 1. propanoate
  2. ethanoate
  3. pentanoate
  4. methanoate
  5. butanoate

1. What is the name of the following ester?

• 1. benzyl propanoate
  2. phenol propanoate
  3. propyl benzoate
  4. propyl phenoate
  5. benzene propyl ester

1. Which of the following biomolecules contains three ester functional groups?

1. What type of biomolecule is shown below?

• 1. a triglyceride
  2. a nucleic acid
  3. an amino acid
  4. a steroid
  5. a sugar

1. Which of the following molecules contain an amide?

1. Which of the following structures is NOT an amide?
   1. CH₃CONHCH₃
   2. CH₃CH₂NHCHO
   3. NH₂CH₂CHO
   4. (CH₃)₂NOCCH₃
   5. CH₃CH₂NHCOCH₂CH₃
2. How many amides does the following peptide (a sequence of several amino acids) contain?

a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 e. 4

1. What is the name of the following molecule?

• 1. N­-methylbutanamide
  2. N­-methylhexanamide
  3. N­-dimethylbutanamide
  4. N,N­-dimethylbutanamide
  5. N­,N-dimethylhexanamide

1. The following statements refer to the differences and similarities between an amide and an amine. Which one of these statements is FALSE?
   1. An amide has a carbonyl next to the nitrogen, and an amine does not.
   2. An amide forms an ion, while an amine does not.
   3. Both an amide and an amine contain a nitrogen.
   4. Amides and amines have different chemical properties.
   5. The nitrogen in both amines and amides can be attached to one, two, or three carbons.
2. Tetracycline is a common antibiotic. Select the choice in which the two boxed functional groups are correctly identified.

a. I: amine II: amine

b. I: amide II: amide

c. I: amine II: amide

d. I: amide II: amine

e. These functional groups are neither amines nor amides.

1. Which of the following statements about chiral molecules is FALSE?
   1. The two enantiomers of a drug may cause very different physiological effects.
   2. Chiral molecules are nonsuperimposable on their mirror image.
   3. Enantiomers can be very difficult to separate in the laboratory.
   4. Chiral molecules are extremely rare in the body.
   5. l-amino acids are found in nature, but d-amino acids are not.
2. Which of the following objects is chiral?
3. a screw
4. a nail
5. a pencil
6. a table
7. a bed
8. What is the relationship between the following two molecules?

1. They are enantiomers.
2. They are identical.
3. They are conformers.
4. They are constitutional isomers.
5. They are unrelated.
6. What is the relationship between the following two molecules?

1. They are enantiomers.
2. They are identical.
3. They are conformers.
4. They are constitutional isomers.
5. They are unrelated.
6. Which of the amino acids does not contain a center of chirality?

a. b. c. d. e.

1. Which of the boxed atoms is a center of chirality?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

e. 5

1. Which of the following structures is monohydrogen phosphate?

a. b. c. d. e.

1. Which of the following abbreviations is used to represent monohydrogen phosphate?
   1. AMP
   2. ADP
   3. ATP
   4. P_i
   5. MPH
2. Which of the following statements about phosphate groups is FALSE?
   1. Phosphate esters are found in DNA.
   2. Phosphoric acid and its derivatives have an expanded octet.
   3. Phosphate groups can be linked together through phosphoanhydride bonds.
   4. The phosphorous in a phosphate ester is trigonal planar.
   5. Making and breaking phosphoanhydride bonds is a component of storing and transferring energy in the cell.
3. Which of the following best describes the functional groups found in this molecule of ATP?

• 1. amine, hydroxyl groups, ether, monophosphate ester
  2. amide, hydroxyl groups, ester, monophosphate ester
  3. amine, hydroxyl groups, ether, triphosphate ester
  4. amide, hydroxyl groups, ester, triphosphate ester
  5. amide, hydroxyl groups, ester, diphosphate ester

1. The ATP molecule below is labeled with letters A through C. Which of these are labeling a phosphoanhydride bond?

• 1. A only
  2. B only
  3. C only
  4. A and B
  5. A, B, and C

1. Which statement best describes the purpose of ATP in the cell?
   1. It is a catalyst, speeding up the rate of chemical reactions.
   2. It is a component of the genetic material in the cell.
   3. It is the energy currency of the cell.
   4. It is a protein.
   5. It is part of the cell membrane.
2. Which statement best describes the role of a neurotransmitter in the body?
   1. Neurotransmitters facilitate the transfer of a signal from one neuron to the next, across the synaptic cleft.
   2. Neurotransmitters facilitate the passage of an electrical impulse through a neuron.
   3. Neurotransmitters facilitate the passage of an electrical impulse through an axon.
   4. Neurotransmitters initiate an electrical response to a stimulus.
   5. Neurotransmitters block all electrical impulses through neurons.
3. How are schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease similar?
   1. They have similar effects on the body.
   2. Both can be easily cured with drugs.
   3. The same drugs are used to cure both of them.
   4. Both are diseases that in some way involve dopamine.
   5. Both diseases are well understood.
4. What is the role of dopamine in the body?
   1. It is a neurotransmitter.
   2. It is a protein.
   3. It is the energy currency of the cell.
   4. It is part of our genetic material.
   5. It is part of the cell membrane.
5. In order for many drugs to be active, they must fit into cell receptors. In order for the drug to fit into the cell receptor, which of the following must be true?
   1. The drug must be a complementary shape to the receptor.
   2. The drug must be able to form intermolecular forces with the receptor.
   3. The drug must have functional groups in the correct position.
   4. The drug must have the correct polarity.
   5. All of the above