Org Communication Globalization Exam Prep Chapter 13

CHAPTER THIRTEEN: ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION, GLOBALIZATION, AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Proponents for privatization of public services such as prisons, schools, or water treatment facilities argue that competition and market forces would lead to innovation and increased efficiency for these services. This argument is associated with the economic philosophy called ______.
   1. mercantilism
   2. neoliberalism
   3. statism
   4. keynesianism

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics

1. Globalization has led to the growth of places like McDonald’s, Starbucks, and Gap. Organizational scholars may call these corporations ______.
2. community landmarks
3. capitalistic pillars
4. consumer-culture landmarks
5. global market leaders

Answer Location: Introduction

1. It is important to take an interdisciplinary approach to studying and defining globalization because ______.
2. overseas competition has made it necessary for economics to be studied by various scholars
3. globalization has significantly impacted indigenous cultures, thus it should be studied from a western perspective
4. the transformation in the world can be viewed through the lens of sociology, communication, geography, political science, and other fields
5. globalization has made the economy in the United States more stable and other countries want to follow this pattern of growth

Answer Location: Defining Globalization

1. Which of the following scenarios is an example of culture jamming?
2. An American-owned business operating in Brazil insists that all of its employees engage in standard American business practices and speak only English in the workplace.
3. In a picture circulated on the Internet, a graphic designer replaces the sign of a local store. Instead of “Wal-Mart,” the sign now reads “China Direct” in Wal-Mart’s familiar font and colors.
4. In Belgium, the McDonald’s serves hamburgers with Béarnaise sauce and the drink selection includes beer.
5. Because a company sells its services in many different countries, it develops different advertising campaigns, each suited to a different cultural audience.

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. In 2011, many large transnational corporations with large amounts of cash earned, taxed, and stored overseas asked the U.S. government for a ‘tax-holiday’ in which they would be able to bring that cash back into the United States without paying additional tax. These corporations claimed that they wanted to be able to invest and spend that cash in the United States, helping the U.S. economy, but refused to bring the money back to the United States if it was going to be taxed. This situation is made possible through ______.
2. Americanization
3. grobalization
4. deterritorialization
5. globalization from below

Answer Location: Globalization and Politics

1. The impact of globalization has been categorized as both positive and negative. One of the most significant criticism of globalization can best be summed up as ______.
2. globalization has ushered in an era of less regulation which opens the door to unethical business practices
3. globalization forces smaller countries to cut back on spending in order to compete
4. globalization relies heavily on religious and political power as a means of leverage in an economic system
5. globalizations destroys unique, indigenous cultures and in essence, erases differences

Answer Location: Defining Globalization

1. Focusing on consumer needs from a perspective that values lifestyle, knowledge, and services, rather than material things is a cultural form called ______.
2. McWorld
3. Giddens fundamentalism
4. Jihad
5. compression

Answer Location: Defining Globalization

1. When parodies of commercial advertising messages send a counter message to what is originally intended by the corporate advertiser this ______.
2. enables consumers to make a more informed choice before purchasing products
3. rejects the traditionally accepted form of marketing as a one-way information flow
4. becomes a form of corporate social responsibility
5. illustrates the paradox of power between advertisers and consumers

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. Female workers (and the work they do) are often viewed as invisible because ______.
2. one of the tenants of the feminization of migration is for women to silently take on these roles
3. they are still trying to overcome some of the barriers associated with a patriarchal workforce
4. they are unskilled and do not have the support for upward mobility like males
5. they work in private homes and their roles are often hidden as a result of a negative ideology thrust upon those who utilize female workers

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. Mary has lived with and worked for the Miller family for the last seven years. She often steps in to take the children to after school activities and has even gone to a parent teacher conference or two because the dual-career couple is often unavailable. Mary’s life reflects ______.
   1. the fact that more people enjoy job that offer in-home services
   2. the rise of high-income professionals and households with working parents
   3. a shift in socially accepted service work that was once hidden
   4. the fact that working women no longer have to fill guilty about not being in the home

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. Tina and Gina were raised by Hazel, their live-in nanny. When the twins entered kindergarten, their parents originally considered letting Hazel go, however the attachment to Hazel was evident and the fact that the children learned a second language from Hazel was a bonus. Hazel remained with the family until the twins were in fifth grade at which time the family sadly parted ways. The separation from Hazel was devastating. This scenario best represents which of the following?
   1. The dynamics of the unregulated child are industry.
   2. The demand for low-wage workers and their willingness to take risks with families.
   3. The commodification of love and the consequences of these arrangements.
   4. The expectation that separation anxiety is an acceptable consequences of the job.

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. Which of the following scholars viewed the threat of globalization on local culture as a means through which that same culture can be revived?
2. Anthony Giddens
3. Ulrich Beck
4. Susan Cheever
5. Dennis Mumby

Answer Location: Globalization and Politics

1. In 1999, tens of thousands of people from across the United States (and from around the world) came together in Seattle, Washington, for an anti-globalization protest at a World Trade Organization conference. Organized primarily through the internet, this protest was an example of ______.
2. crowdsourcing
3. globalization from below
4. social mediation
5. culture jamming

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. According to Deetz, when we reframe the role of corporations in society in order to view them as political actors in society, stakeholders are seen as internal to the corporate system (as opposed to external to it). This represents Deetz’s ______ model.
2. social identity
3. corporate
4. democratic
5. stakeholder

Answer Location: CSR as Communication

1. Benjamin Barber argues that globalization is characterized by two competing worldviews: “Jihad,” which represents a turn toward communalism, tribalism, and tradition, and ______, which represents the move toward consumerism and homogeneity.
2. Americanization
3. grobalization
4. McDonaldization
5. McWorld

Answer Location: Defining Globalization

1. Terms such as Disneyfication and Coca-colonization are used to point out ______, the predominately one-way flow of cultural products from the West to other nations.
2. cultural bias
3. cultural hegemony
4. cultural imperialism
5. cultural dissipation

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics

1. The benefits of neoliberalism include ______.
2. decreasing inequality and narrowing the gap between rich and poor
3. encouraging market speculation which increases innovation
4. promoting mass migrations to find work
5. allowing “backward” nations such as India to become global players

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics

1. Xochitl is a recent immigrant to the United States from Mexico. She came to New York because she had been told that there were many professionals in the city looking for domestic help. She finds a position as a nanny and grows to love the two children in her care even though their parents pay her less than minimum wage and generally treat her poorly. After two years, when the youngest child starts school, Xochitl is told to find another job. Xochitl went to New York because it was what Saskia Sassen refers to as a ______.
2. global city
3. migration center
4. opportunity center
5. professional city

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. Xochitl’s employers are able to pay her less than minimum wage primarily because ______.
2. what she earns is still much more than she could earn in her home country
3. her culture discourages her from asking for more
4. she is part of an informal economy
5. her salary is similar to other nannies in the neighborhood

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. In the past, organizations only focused on profits and following the laws that governed corporations. Now, companies are committed to making the world a better place through ______.
   1. corporate social responsibility
   2. gender equity
   3. reducing labor costs
   4. work-life balance

Answer Location: Globalization and Corporate Social Responsibility

True/False

1. It is relatively simple to define globalization as it is based on Western standards of economic enrichment.

Answer Location: Defining Globalization

1. A benefit of the bottom of the pyramid program is that people from underdeveloped nations are viewed as resilient entrepreneurs because they are active participants in developing new enterprises.

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. According to Deetz, organizations are sites of multiple competing stakeholder interests, including those of consumers, suppliers, and host community, all of which must be coordinated.

Answer Location: Forms of CSR

1. Focusing on stakeholders can be understood as a form of CSR.

Answer Location: CSR as Communication

1. The Occupy Movement is an example of “globalization from below” because it represents a collective effort to resist the process of globalization.

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. The Chicken Maharaja Mac, sold in McDonald’s in India, is an example of cultural imperialism and McDonaldization.

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. Extra Oil, Inc. began installing solar panels on all of their buildings and got a fleet of electric cars. This represents the company’s green initiative.

Answer Location: Forms of CSR

1. The feminization of migration has made it possible for women to be upwardly mobile.

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. Cities such as New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Amsterdam, Hong Kong, Zurich, and Sao Paulo have become the primary players in the global economy, eclipsing nation-states as the new dominant financial centers that coordinate the flow of money and knowledge.

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. Neoliberalism is associated with inequality.

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics

Fill-in-the-Blank

1. ______ is the process of globalization in which money, information, and people flow around the world without regard for national boundaries.

Answer Location: Globalization and Politics

1. The use of “semiotic Jujitsu” in order to intervene in and rework the meaning of advertising of large, multinational corporations is called ______.

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. ______ is the political, economic, and cultural process that involves the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole, and an increased interdependence between nation states and cultures.

Answer Location: Defining Globalization

1. The economic philosophy with the intent to limit extreme economic cycles of “boom” and “bust” through government intervention is ______.

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics

1. ______ is the economic philosophy that argues for the sovereignty of the free market and proposes that the sole responsibility of a company is to make a profit for its shareholders.

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics

1. Virginia Slime and Joe Chemo are examples of ______ in which counter-messages are presented to consumers.

Answer Location; Organizing Against Globalization

1. Investors, suppliers, and consumers are all considered ______.

Answer Location: CSR as Communication

1. ______ is conceived as a collective grassroots effort to resist imperialist tendencies and provide more possibilities for democratic forms of life.

Answer Location: Organizing Against Globalization

1. The term Saskia Sassen uses to describe the feature of globalization in which households, communities, and even nations are increasingly dependent on women’s migration and their subsequent income is ______ of survival.

Answer Location: Gender, Work, and Globalization

1. A ______ is an area that is designated to eliminate traditional trade barriers, but is often a place in which wages are low, work and environmental regulations are minimal, and conditions for workers are poor.

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics