nan Test Bank Answers Ch.21 Radiology And Nuclear Medicine

Medical Language for Modern Health Care, 4e (Allan)

Chapter 21 Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

1) The medical specialty that uses imaging techniques to diagnose and treat disease which can be visualized within the human body is ________.

2) The person who operates ultrasound imaging devices to produce diagnostic images is a

A) radiologic technician

B) nuclear medicine technologist

C) radiologist

D) sonographer

E) radiologic assistant

3) X-rays, like light and radio waves, are a form of ________ radiation.

4) Of the following body substances, which one is most radiolucent?

A) Bone

B) Fat

C) Muscle

D) Water

E) Air

5) In the medical term craniocaudal, the root means

A) skull

B) head

C) tail

D) pertaining to

E) spine

6) The record produced by an x-ray image of the breast is called a

A) mammograph

B) mammogram

C) mammography

D) mastogram

E) mastograph

7) A patient is scheduled for an oblique chest x-ray. This means that the

A) x-rays travel at an angle through the chest

B) x-rays travel from the back to the front of the chest

C) x-rays travel from the front to the back of the chest

D) x-rays travel through the chest from one side to the other

E) x-rays travel through the body from the head to the tail

8) Agents such as barium sulfate and iodine, which can be administered orally, rectally, intravenously, or in an artery to enhance the real-time imaging of dynamic processes in blood vessels, or peristalsis in the GI tract are called ________ agents.

9) The term that refers to the use of a minimally invasive procedure for both diagnostic purposes and for treatment is

A) fluoroscopy

B) ultrasound

C) interventional radiology

D) teleradiology

E) digital radiography

10) The use of high frequency sound waves to visualize soft tissue structures in the body functioning in real time is called a(n)

A) CT scan

B) ultrasound

C) MRI

D) teleradiology

E) interventional radiology

11) The abbreviation for the imaging technique which uses strong magnetic fields to produce cross-sectional images is

A) IR

B) CT

C) DR

D) MRI

E) MLO

12) The transmission of radiographic digital images from one location to another for interpretation by a radiologist is called

A) interventional radiology

B) teleradiology

C) digital radiography

D) fluoroscopy

E) radiotherapy

13) In the medical term tomography, the root/combining form means

A) writing

B) section

C) cut

D) process of recording

E) cross

14) Identify the root/combining form and its meaning in the medical term ultrasonography.

A) Son; noise

B) Graphy; process of recording

C) Sono; sound

D) Ultra; higher, beyond

E) Sono; hearing

15) The vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions is the ________ plane.

16) The vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions is the ________ plane.

A) sagittal

B) axial

C) midsagittal

D) coronal

E) transverse

17) The term which means a line of central support and comes from the Greek meaning central support is

A) algorithm

B) coronal

C) axis

D) sagittal

E) vertebral

18) The most commonly used tracer for the destruction of thyroid tissues is

A) gallium-67

B) thallium-201

C) iodine-123

D) technetium-99m

E) iodine-131

19) PET images can be fused with ________ and ________ images to improve diagnostic accuracy.

A) CT, MRI

B) CT, Ultrasound

C) MRI, SPECT

D) Scintigraphy, Ultrasound

E) IR, Ultrasound

20) Which of the following statements regarding radiation doses delivered to a patient during a nuclear medicine procedure is correct?

A) The risk of developing cancer is great, therefore these procedures should be avoided during the childbearing years.

B) The drugs are excreted through the kidneys and liver; therefore, they are not used in patients with significant liver and kidney disease.

C) The drugs cause numerous side effects and damage to surrounding structures.

D) The drugs decay and are excreted through urine and stool.

E) The patient is radioactive for up to one month following the procedure and must limit contact with children.

21) The most common tracer used in 85% of all nuclear medicine imaging including bone scans, liver scans, renal function studies, and for labeling RBCs is

A) 18F-FDG

B) Thallium-201

C) Technetium-99m

D) Gallium-67

E) Indium-111

22) Which of the following statements correctly describes how ionizing radiation works?

A) Ionizing radiation kills the cell.

B) Ionizing radiation damages the DNA of tissues exposed to it.

C) Ionizing radiation makes the cell more susceptible to the effects of chemotherapy.

D) Ionizing radiation prevents the cell from multiplying.

E) Ionizing radiation weakens the cell making it susceptible to phagocytosis.

23) A type of x-ray therapy that would be used on a patient whose tumor is wrapped around a vulnerable structure such as a blood vessel or major organ is a(n)

A) intensity-modulated radiation therapy

B) 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy

C) stereotactic radiation

D) proton beam therapy

E) conventional external beam radiation therapy

24) A type of nuclear medicine therapy involves fusing a monoclonal antibody with a radioactive material which is injected into a patient's bloodstream. The antibody travels to and binds to the cancer cells, delivering a high dosage of radiation directly to the cells in the cancer. This type of therapy is called

A) proton beam therapy

B) brachytherapy

C) radioimmunotherapy

D) stereotactic radiation

E) intensity-modulated radiation therapy

25) In the medical term brachytherapy, the prefix means

A) short

B) medical treatment

C) upper arm

D) implanted

E) broken

26) The root/combining form stere/o means

A) sound

B) three-dimensional

C) first

D) light

E) two-dimensional

27) The root in the term monoclonal means

A) identical

B) one, single

C) cutting

D) pertaining to

E) orderly arrangement

28) The terms Gamma Knife, Cyberknife, Tomotherapy, and Truebeam are brand names for which of the following type of radiation therapy?

A) Conventional external beam radiation therapy

B) Stereotactic radiation therapy

C) 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy

D) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy

E) Proton beam therapy

29) The suffix -ide means

A) pertaining to

B) process

C) abnormal condition

D) death

E) having a particular quality

30) The term for a particle of light or other electromagnetic radiation that is derived from the Greek meaning light is

A) proton

B) positron

C) tracer

D) photon

E) scintigraphy

31) The prefix in the term hypofractionation means

A) first

B) process

C) short

D) cutting

E) below

32) The root in the term stereotactic means

A) three-dimensional

B) short

C) orderly arrangement

D) pertaining to

E) feeling

33) A physician with specialized training in obtaining and interpreting medical images is a ________.

34) The most radiopaque material in the body is

A) the liver

B) the lung

C) bone

D) fat

E) water

35) The prefix in the term mediolateral means

A) slanting

B) middle

C) pertaining to

D) side

E) movement

36) The image produced by exposure to x-rays is called a

A) radiologist

B) radiographer

C) radiotherapy

D) radiograph

E) radiogram

37) The physician orders a chest x-ray on a patient where the x-rays travel from a front source to an image receiver placed behind the patient. The abbreviation for this type of x-ray is

A) DR

B) CC

C) AP

D) PA

E) MLO

38) The root/combining form that means x-ray beam is

A) radi/o

B) angi/o

C) coron/o

D) fluor/o

E) stere/o

39) The root/combining form angi/o means

A) artery

B) blood vessel

C) vein

D) heart

E) before

40) The root/combining form in the term scintigraphy means

A) spark

B) light

C) process of recording

D) short

E) broken

41) The reason why a health professional working in radiology must wear a film badge is

A) to identify the person as working in that department.

B) to protect the person from the harmful effects of radiation.

C) to detect and record the amount of radiation which the person is exposed to.

D) to record how many x-rays the individual has taken every day.

E) to initiate operation of the x-ray machine by swiping the film badge on the machine.

42) The term used to describe a substance that spontaneously emits alpha, beta, or gamma rays is

A) radiopaque

B) radiolucent

C) ionizing

D) radioactive

E) electromagnetic

43) The suffix in the term radiotherapist means

A) the study of

B) pertaining to

C) specialist

D) radiation

E) treatment

44) Aprons used to protect patients and technicians from receiving unwanted radiation are made from

A) iron

B) tin

C) aluminum

D) asbestos

E) lead

45) The suffix in the term fluoroscopy means

A) to examine

B) instrument

C) formation

D) pertaining to

E) to stand

46) The suffix in the medical term angioplasty means

A) rupture

B) suture

C) surgical repair

D) to examine

E) surgical excision

47) The tracer used for myocardial perfusion scans during a stress test is

A) gallium-67

B) thallium-201

C) indium-111

D) 18F-FDG

E) technetium-99m

48) Another name for a radioactive drug is a ________.

49) The most common type of cancer treated with proton beam therapy is ________ cancer.

A) colon

B) breast

C) prostate

D) uterine

E) brain

50) If the radiograph has an area of darkness then most of the x-rays were ________ the body tissues.

A) absorbed by

B) reflected by

C) passed through

D) deflected by

E) destroyed by

51) The gain or loss of an electron is called

A) ionization

B) radiologic

C) scintigraphy

D) stereotactic

E) electromagnetic

52) The medical term which means a view of a structure from the head to the foot is

A) mediolateral oblique

B) anteroposterior

C) craniocaudal

D) sagittal

E) posteroanterior

53) A physician who specializes in the treatment of disease using x-rays and radioactive materials is a

A) radiologist

B) x-ray technician

C) radiographer

D) radiotherapist

E) nuclear medicine technologist

54) When obtaining an AP chest x-ray the x-ray machine sends x-rays first through the

A) anterior chest wall to a posteriorly placed image receiver

B) posterior chest wall to an anteriorly placed image receiver

C) anterior abdominal wall to a posteriorly placed image receiver

D) posterior abdominal wall to an anteriorly placed image receiver

E) side of the chest to a laterally placed image receiver

55) Which radiographic method displays the movement of contrast medium through the lower gastrointestinal tract?

A) Magnetic resonance imaging

B) Fluoroscopy

C) Computed tomography

D) Radiography

E) Interventional radiology

56) A patient with angina pectoris is scheduled for a coronary angiogram to look for blockage in the coronary arteries. This test is performed through

A) computed tomography

B) interventional radiology

C) teleradiology

D) magnetic resonance imaging

E) ultrasound

57) The method of radiologic imaging that is best to view the internal structures of the knee is abbreviated as a(n)

A) CT

B) MRI

C) PET

D) SPECT

E) US

58) The type of radiopharmaceutical used in a PET scan and for localizing infections is

A) technetium-99m

B) iodine-123

C) thallium-201

D) gallium-67

E) iodine-131

59) A physician wants to diagnose and stage cancer in a patient. Which of the following tests would accomplish this goal?

A) CT scan with Iodine-123

B) PET scan with 18F-FDG

C) CT scan with Indium-111

D) PET scan with Gallium-67

E) MRI with Technetium-99m

60) The main use for Iodine-123 is in the

A) treatment of thyroid cancer

B) detection of hepatic cancer

C) treatment of an overactive pituitary gland

D) detection of thyroid disorders

E) diagnosis of coronary artery blockage

61) A patient has a large benign tumor in the neck that is compressing the trachea. The best course of treatment for this tumor would be

A) surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy

B) surgical resection and chemotherapy

C) surgical resection

D) chemotherapy and radiation therapy

E) surgical resection and radiation therapy

62) A patient has a bronchogenic carcinoma which has grown into the mediastinum and around the superior vena cava. The best type of radiation therapy to use to treat this condition is

A) proton beam therapy

B) stereotactic radiation

C) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)

D) conventional external-beam radiation therapy

E) 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT)

63) A patient with claustrophobia might have difficulty tolerating which of the following diagnostic procedures?

A) Ultrasound

B) Projectional radiology

C) Interventional radiology

D) Magnetic resonance imaging

E) Positron emission tomography

64) A professional who administers radiopharmaceuticals to patients and operates cameras to detect and map the drug in the patient's body to create diagnostic images is a

A) nuclear medicine technologist

B) nuclear medicine specialist

C) radiotherapist

D) radiologic assistant

E) sonographer

65) The radiologic test that is used in an emergency to diagnose the presence of a cerebral hemorrhage is a(n)

A) x-ray of the skull

B) ultrasound

C) CT

D) PET scan

E) MRI

66) The type of therapy given in larger doses but given less frequently is called

A) proton beam therapy

B) stereotactic radiation

C) radioimmunotherapy

D) hypofractionation

E) intensity-modulated radiation therapy

67) A method of obtaining an image of the interior of the body that does not use radiation is a(n)

A) scintigraphy

B) ultrasonography

C) computed tomography

D) PET scan

E) MRI

68) The radiation doses delivered to a patient in a nuclear medicine procedure present a small chance of causing cancer because

A) the ionizing radiation it emits travels a short distance.

B) its dose is high, but given over a short period of time.

C) the beams are extremely precise.

D) nuclear medicine does involve radiation to display image.

E) the patient wears a lead apron during the procedure

69) Choose the correct pronunciation of the term angiography.

A) AN- gee-oh-graf-ee

B) An-jee-OG-rah-fee

C) ANG-ee-oh-graf-ee

D) An-gee-og-ray-fee

E) Ang-ee-og-RAF-ee