Motivating The Workforce Complete Test Bank Chapter 9 - Business Foundations Changing World 11e Complete Test Bank by O. C. Ferrell. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 09
Motivating the Workforce
True / False Questions
1. | Human relations is the study of the behavior of individuals and groups in organizational settings. |
2. | The Hawthorne studies found that money was the primary motivator for employees. |
3. | Maslow's hierarchy lists the most basic needs people strive to satisfy first at the top of the pyramid. |
4. | Theory Z is more participative and encourages lifelong employee commitment more than traditional management approaches. |
5. | Rewarding appropriate behavior tends to be more effective to modify behavior in the long run than punishments for unacceptable behavior. |
Multiple Choice Questions
6. | The field of human relations has become increasingly important over the years as businesses strive to understand how to do all of the following EXCEPT
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7. | An inner drive that directs a person's behavior toward goals is called
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8. | Which of the following statements is true of motivation?
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9. | Taylor is an independent contractor in the plumbing industry. He receives work from several companies and individual customers. There are often multiple ways to fix a plumbing problem, and when given the option, Taylor sometimes chooses to use the fastest and easiest solution, rather than the best possible solution. What might explain Taylor's tendency to avoid doing what he should do?
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10. | _____ is the difference between a desired state and an actual state.
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11. | Larry is a computer salesman who has been working in his field for over 20 years. Recently, he has noticed that his sales haven't been as high as the sales of some of his younger coworkers. He recognizes the need to increase his sales. Which of the following is something he might do to satisfy this need and achieve success?
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12. | Calvin teaches karate at a large martial arts studio. After a new karate movie came out, Calvin noticed an influx in clients who want to skip the fundamental basics of karate and learn the more advanced moves featured in the movie. He is finding that working with these new clients is very challenging. Which of the following is something Calvin might do to help him succeed in reaching these new clients?
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13. | Graham, an employee at an architectural firm, is frustrated with his job as he is mostly involved in reproducing stock designs. He realizes the need for starting his own firm to exercise his creative streak. In the context of the motivation process, which step will immediately follow the need recognition step?
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14. | Which of the following is the last step in a typical motivation process?
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15. | Victoria is a cake designer and baker at a bakery. She often creates custom cakes for weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and other large events. She is emotionally involved and committed to her work, which allows her to meet her customers' high expectations. Victoria can be described as
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16. | Low morale is likely to result in
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17. | High morale contributes to
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18. | Coffee Creations is a chain of small coffee shops that are located in college towns and mostly employ students. The company offers flexible scheduling, employee scholarship programs, and strong internal promoting, and as a result, it has loyal employees who have high levels of productivity. Based on this scenario, employees of Coffee Creation should have
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19. | Creative Cookbooks Inc. is a large publisher that focuses on developing cookbooks with recipes from around the world. Recently, since more people are getting their recipes from the Internet, Creative Cookbooks is struggling to stay profitable. As a result, the company has decided to streamline its operations, laying off 50 employees and changing the way the company works to focus more on offering innovative digital cookbook applications. Many of the company's employees are frustrated with the changes, so in addition to the employees the company let go, several other employees have quit. This scenario is most closely related to
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20. | A(n) _____ is the personal satisfaction and enjoyment that a person feels from attaining a goal.
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21. | Karen has always been passionate about fashion, so she went to fashion school to learn more about it and opened her own clothing boutique. She enjoys running her business and feels a deep sense of satisfaction every time she finds new styles to bring to her store. In this scenario, Karen is experiencing a(n)
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22. | _____ are benefits and/or recognition that a person receives from someone else.
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23. | Javier works at a grocery store. He started six months ago as a bagger, but recently, his boss recognized his hard work, promoting him to cashier and giving him a raise. Javier's promotion and raise are examples of
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24. | All of the following are ways to retain good employees EXCEPT
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25. | Blooming Bouquets is a florist that knows how to retain happy employees. All of the following are benefits this company might provide to its employees EXCEPT
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26. | Jamal manages a fitness club, which employs front desk personnel, personal trainers, and fitness instructors. He wants to motivate his employees to work hard and maintain high levels of productivity. Which of the following would Jamal likely do to motivate his employees?
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27. | The birth of the study of human relations within business organizationscan be traced to
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28. | According to the classical theory of motivation, which of the following would motivate employees to work hard?
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29. | Which of the following theories is associated with the piece-rate system?
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30. | Becky works in a factory that produces dolls and other toys. To improve productivity, Becky's manager broke down each job into its component tasks, determined the best way to perform each task, and specified the output to be achieved by each worker performing the task. As a result, Becky is expected to add arms and legs to 50 dolls per day. She is paid $2.50 per doll, but if she exceeds 50 dolls in a day, she receives an additional $1.50 per doll. This scenario relates to
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31. | Vixen works in a soap manufacturing company. He is paid a fixed amount for every unit he manufactures at the factory. He is paid higher rates for exceeding his set target. The payment system in this scenario is an example of the _____ system.
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32. | Welcome Home, a real estate company, encourages its realtors to partner and collaborate with each other to find appropriate homes for their clients. To generate partnership and collaboration, this company offers employees
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33. | The person primarily associated with the Hawthorne studies is
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34. | Which of the following is labeled the Hawthorne effect?
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35. | The Hawthorne studies were important because they
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36. | Larissa worked at the Hawthorne Works Plant of the Western Electric Company in 1924, when Elton Mayo and his team started their research on workplace conditions and productivity. Throughout the study, as Mayo and his team introduced various physical conditions, Larissa's productivity increased. When the researchers asked her about her behavior, she expressed
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37. | What was the ultimate result of the Hawthorne studies?
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38. | The American Painters' Association provides discounted house painting services to military and veteran families, which enlivens its employees. This shows how important it is for employees to feel like
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39. | According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs do people strive to satisfy first?
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40. | According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the need for love, companionship, and friendship—the desire for acceptance by others—is a part of the _____ needs.
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41. | Which of the following needs is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
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42. | Blujay Pharmaceutical features the salesperson who has been the most successful during the previous quarter in the company newsletter. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs of employee is Blujay Pharmaceutical trying to meet?
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43. | According to Maslow, humans devote all their efforts to satisfying _____ needs until they are met. Only when these needs are met can people focus their attention on satisfying the next level of needs.
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44. | Maslow's theory maintains that
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45. | Garrett works as an electrician, going into people's homes and offices to set up and repair electrical systems. When he sees a dangerous condition, he reports it to the home or business owner immediately and begins working to fix the situation. He wears safety goggles and gloves while he is working, and he has a comprehensive insurance plan with income protection in the event that he becomes unable to work. Garrett's actions are most related to Maslow's _____ needs.
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46. | Mitch works for a store that sells hot tubs and pools. He is a competitive person, so he needs to feel like he can sell hot tubs and pools better than the other store employees. When he is able to sell more hot tubs and pools that his co-workers, he feels a high level of self-respect and respect from others. This scenario describes how Mitch fulfills his _____ needs.
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47. | Travis got laid off from his job at a hay and grain supply company. Before he was laid off, he was focused on selling more hay and grain than any of his co-workers. Since the layoff, he has shifted his focus to finding a new source of income. What does this scenario highlight about laid off workers, in terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
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48. | Frederick Herzberg proposed
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49. | According to Herzberg's theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor?
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50. | According to Herzberg's theory, which of the following is a motivational factor?
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51. | According to Herzberg's theory, the absence of which of the following factors may be a potential source of dissatisfaction and high turnover?
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52. | According to Herzberg's theory, the presence of which of the following factors is likely to motivate employees though their absence may not result in dissatisfaction?
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53. | Hailey has a job as a dental hygienist. She makes a good annual salary and her job is secure. Which of Maslow's needs would these hygiene factors help Hailey satisfy?
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54. | Mega Tech., a large technology company, has started using methods to give employees more responsibility and control and to involve them more in their work. The company views employees as team members and encourages them to share their ideas about how to improve its technology products. What is the benefit to using these methods?
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55. | Maritza manages a large boarding stable that employs several people who clean stalls, feed the horses, teach riding lessons, and do training rides on boarders' horses. Which of the following is a way Maritza can motivate her employees to work harder, in terms of content of the work itself?
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56. | Sandra manages a grocery store, which employs several baggers, cashiers, floor managers, and stockroom workers. Which of the following is something Sandra can do to ensure that her employees are satisfied with their work setting?
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57. | Herzberg's motivational factors are similar to Maslow's
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58. | In the United States, workers' _____, as defined by Maslow, have largely been met by minimum-wage laws and federal occupational safety standards.
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59. | Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated with
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60. | Anand is a manager who believes that he can force his subordinates to work extra hours through close supervision. He instills fear among employees by threatening to cancel bonuses if deadlines are not met. Anand could be described as a
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61. | According to managers who adopt McGregor's Theory X
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62. | McGregor's Theory X corresponds to
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63. | McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to
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64. | When compared to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the Theory X style of management focuses on
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65. | Matt is a Theory X manager at an office supplies store. In managing his employees, he is most likely to
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66. | The managers of Automotive Parts Emporium believe that the average person dislikes work and will avoid it when possible. As a result, they focus on coercing, controlling, directing, and threatening their workers with punishment to get them to work toward achieving the company's objectives. One method they initiated was an employee ranking system that ranked 60 percent of employees as below expectations. This company has adopted
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67. | The approach that suggests that imagination, ingenuity, and creativity can help solve organizational problems is
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68. | Mary, a manager at a publishing house, follows McGregor's Theory Y approach to management. She is likely to assume that
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69. | Jill is the principal of a charter school. She believes that her employees like to work and that under proper conditions, they will seek out responsibility in an attempt to satisfy their social, esteem, and self-actualization needs. What theory of management would Jill most likely follow?
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70. | Kim, the sales manager at a retail store, is a supporter of micro-management tactics. She keeps a close watch on the members of her team to ensure that they do not slack at work. Kim is most likely a manager who
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71. | Which of the following is a major difference between the Theory X and Theory Y views of management?
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72. | In regards to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the difference between Theory X and Theory Y managers?
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73. | Lorenzo's Italian Restaurant has several locations in Massachusetts and New York. Each location has a restaurant manager who runs his or her location as he or she sees fit. The restaurant chain has achieved success by empowering its employees to make their own decisions and follow their passions. Which management theory does Lorenzo's Italian Restaurant follow?
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74. | All of the following are assumptions of Theory Y EXCEPT
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75. | Theory Z was first described by
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76. | In the context of employee motivation theories, Theory Z includes many elements associated with the _____ approach to management.
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77. | At Rustic Rooms Furniture, managers and workers share responsibilities, managers stress employee participation in all aspects of company decision making, and employment is long term. What theory of management does Rustic Rooms Furniture follow?
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78. | Theory Z and Theory Y can be seen as
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79. | When comparing Theory X, Theory Y, and Theory Z, which of the following statements is true?
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80. | According to _____, how much people are willing to contribute to an organization depends on their assessment of the fairness of the rewards they will receive in exchange.
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81. | Which of the following statements is true regarding equity theory?
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82. | How can managers avoid equity problems?
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83. | Jane learned that although she and June were both hired as part-time sales clerks at the same time and have similar backgrounds, June is paid $1 more per hour. Jane decided to stop cleaning dressing rooms on her shift because she thinks the pay is unfair. This scenario is related to which of the following management theories?
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84. | Carolyn, Todd, and Bethany all work at a department store in the mall. They have been working there for the same amount of time, and they all have similar educational and employment backgrounds. Bethany has just discovered that Carolyn and Todd both make more than her. Which of the following is an unethical or illegal behavior Bethany may exhibit to equalize the situation?
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85. | _____ states that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it.
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86. | Rahul works as an assistant manager in a car manufacturing firm. He wishes to be promoted to the position of manager but feels that it is unlikely to happen. As a result, Rahul is not motivated to achieve the desired end. Which of the following theories best explains Rahul's situation?
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87. | Which of the following is stated by the expectancy theory?
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88. | Calvin is a marketer at Like-New Car Company, and he wants to inform the market of the benefits of buying used cars over expensive new cars. He invests his efforts in creating advertisements that emphasize the company's low prices and service guarantee to reach the company's target market and compete with the large car dealerships in the area. This scenario relates most directly to
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89. | Which of the following best describes management by objectives?
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90. | Elias, the manager of Eat Big, a chain of restaurants, gives awards on a monthly basis to employees with the highest productivity. Elias's action is based on
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91. | Stag Industries annually rewards the top ten employees, in terms of goal achievement, with a trip to the Caribbean. What effect will Stag Industries' action most likely have on employee behavior?
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92. | Jennifer, the store manager at a supermarket, penalizes employees for reporting late to work. This measure has gone a long way in ensuring that employees arrive on time. The step taken by Jennifer best reflects
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93. | Which of the following statements is true regarding the two strategies used in Skinner's behavior modification theory?
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94. | Mandy manages a small diner. She has noticed that some of her employees steal fries and other food off patron's plates before bringing the food out to the tables. When she sees employees doing this, she punishes them by taking a portion of their tips and distributing that money to the employees who don't steal food from plates. Which of the following is an undesirable long-term side effect that may result from such punishments?
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95. | What is an advantage associated with job rotation?
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96. | What is a drawback of job rotation?
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97. | Mazer Inc., a publication house, allows its employees to try out a variety of profiles, ranging from editing to designing cover pages. The practice at Mazer best exemplifies
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98. | Historically, Aaron's Automotive has used specialization to increase productivity. However, Aaron has noticed that his employees seem bored with their regular tasks and productivity is actually declining. If Aaron decides to reduce employee boredom by allowing workers to undertake a greater variety of tasks and by giving them the opportunity to learn new skills, he is most likely adopting
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99. | Which of the following adds tasks to a job instead of treating each task as a separate job?
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100. | What is the rationale behind job enlargement strategies?
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101. | Which of the following is true regarding how job enlargement strategies differ from job rotation strategies?
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102. | Paula works for a home decor store. Her normal tasks include cleaning the store fixtures, helping customers find what they are looking for, and ringing up customer purchases. One day, she notices that several of the shelves are empty, so she goes into the back room and finds merchandise to fill the shelves. When she shows her manager, Tricia, what she has done, Tricia is so impressed that she asks Paula to check all the shelves on a weekly basis and stock any empty shelves with new merchandise. This scenario best describes job
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103. | Job _____ is the incorporation of motivational factors such as opportunity for achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement into a job.
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104. | Which of the following is likely to be a result of job enrichment?
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105. | What is an advantage of job enrichment?
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106. | A work program that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times, as long as they are at work during a specified core period is called
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107. | Kart Inc., a publishing house, allows employees to log in at their preferred time and log off after completing eight hours. It does not have any fixed office timings. Kart Inc. offers _____ to its employees.
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108. | What is an advantage of using a flextime schedule?
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109. | Apps for Apples, a technology company that produces educational applications for Macs and other Apple products, allows employees to work on a flextime schedule. All employees must be at work from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. to attend meetings, but other than that, employees have the flexibility to choose which hours they work. All of the following are benefits of this type of scheduling EXCEPT it
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110. | A compressed workweek is
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111. | A compressed workweek is most likely to
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112. | Simone works as a medical transcriptionist. She is required to log in 40 hours in four days and take three days off. Simone's work schedule is an example of
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113. | Lindsay and Tim are married, and they recently found out that they are going to have twin daughters. To have more time to spend with their children, they are looking for new jobs that will provide greater flexibility in scheduling. All of the following are jobs that would be good options for Lindsay and Tim EXCEPT being
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114. | Job _____ occurs when two people do one job.
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115. | Little Corp., a toy manufacturing company, allocates one task to an employee working from 8:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. and allocates the same task to be completed by another employee working from 12:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. This is an example of job
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116. | Which of the following is a flexible scheduling strategy?
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117. | Which of the following options is likely to be most effective for retaining employees who are trying to juggle their work duties with other responsibilities and needs?
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118. | Laurel and Jennifer both work as receptionists at a law office. Laurel works from 8:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m., so she can be home when her daughter gets home from school. Jennifer works from 12:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m., so she can attend graduate school classes in the morning. Which of the following is a benefit this arrangement has for the company?
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119. | Allowing some employees to work at home part-time is
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120. | Camden Inc., a pharmaceutical company, allows its employees to work at home a few days per week, staying connected via computers, modems, and telephones. This arrangement is called
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121. | What is an advantage of allowing employees to telecommute?
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122. | Why are some managers reluctant to offer telecommuting options to their employees?
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Essay Questions
123. | Define human relations and explain its role in business.
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124. | Herzberg's motivational factors and Maslow's esteem and self-actualization needs are similar. Explain how organizations can meet these needs.
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125. | How do managers motivate employees during economic fluctuation?
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Business Foundations Changing World 11e Complete Test Bank
By O. C. Ferrell