Future Trends And Projections Chapter 12 Exam Questions - Essentials of Sociology 4th Edition Test Bank by Gus Martin. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 12: Future Trends and Projections
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. According to the text, which of the following will continue to use terrorism as domestic policy?
a. authoritarian states
b. democratic states
c. monarchical states
d. socialist states
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: State-Sponsored Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Long-term domestic security initiatives must incorporate which of the following objectives?
a. Disrupt and prevent violent extremists from operationalizing terrorist conspiracies
b. Ensure capable federal leadership in developing common standards for homeland security systems at state and local levels
c. Build strong consensus among the three branches of government
d. Both “disrupt and prevent violent extremists from operationalizing terrorist conspiracies” and “ensure capable federal leadership in developing common standards for homeland security systems at state and local levels”
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Revisiting the War on Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. There is a distinct probability that the terrorist threat environment in the near future will emanate from which of the following challenges?
a. Countries where governments are not friendly
b. Environments where ethnonational, religious, or political conflicts remain unresolved
c. Disgruntled students
d. None of these
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Wither the “Old Terrorism”
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Which of the following statements regarding ongoing patterns of violence is most accurate?
a. Terrorists still associate the United States and the West with international exploitation.
b. Weapons of mass destruction are now commonly used by terrorists.
c. Terrorists hide behind their ideologies and religions.
d. Both “weapons of mass destruction are now commonly used by terrorists” and “terrorists hide behind their ideologies and religions”.
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Case: The United States and the West
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the future of the radical left in the United States?
a. The modern mass fervor on the left, including civil rights and Black Power movements, will spawn continued social violence.
b. Radical Marxism is, and will remain, a significant cause of political violence in the U.S.
c. Radical environmentalists, anarchists, and other single-issue extremists are likely to engage in sporadic violent incidents.
d. All of these.
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Future of the Violent Left in the United States
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the future of the reactionary right in the United States?
a. Extremists on the fringe and far right will continue to promulgate conspiracy theories and attract a few true believers to their causes.
b. Possible threats exist from religious extremists who could reinvigorate the violent moralist movement.
c. The promulgation of publications such as the Turner Diaries and the Myth of the Six Million continue to spread racial and anti-Semitic extremism.
d. All of these.
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Future of the Violent Right in the United States
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the future of international terrorism as it affects the United States?
a. Patterns of international terrorism will continue to be decreasingly ideological and increasingly “cultural.”
b. Stateless international terrorism will continue to be the predominant model in the global arena.
c. International terrorism will be a minor concern.
d. Both “patterns of international terrorism will continue to be decreasingly ideological and increasingly ‘cultural’” and “stateless international terrorism will continue to be the predominant model in the global arena”.
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Dissident Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the clash of civilizations?
a. Vestiges of the East–West ideological competition have given way to patterns of seemingly interminable communal conflicts and religious extremism.
b. It is a debatable scenario, and has been since it was first theorized.
c. It is a myth and is unlikely to occur.
d. Both “vestiges of the East–West ideological competition have given way to patterns of seemingly interminable communal conflicts and religious extremism” and “it is a debatable scenario, and has been since it was first theorized”.
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Dissident Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. In recent decades, which of the following terrorist “waves” have occurred, roughly?
a. A left-wing wave from the 1960s through the early 1980s
b. An ethno-nationalist wave until the late 1990s
c. A religious wave beginning at the end of the 20th century
d. All of these
Learning Objective: 12-1: Discuss theoretical projections for the future of terrorism.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: What Does the Future Hold?
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Which of the following statements regarding the challenge of countering extremism is most accurate?
a. Coercive measures alone are only marginally successful.
b. Strong military retaliation is very effective.
c. Repressing adherents of extremist sentiment is a highly effective option.
d. Both “strong military retaliation is very effective” and “repressing adherents of extremist sentiment is a highly effective option”.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Countering Extremism
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. Which of the following types of terrorism has become a global problem?
a. Dissident
b. Religious
c. State-sponsored
d. Ideological
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Religious Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. Neofascist movements are related to which of the following types of terrorism?
a. Dissident
b. Religious
c. State-sponsored
d. Ideological
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Ideological
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. In the future, homeland security ______.
a. must adapt to ever-changing environments
b. will be abolished because terrorism will be defeated
c. will become irrelevant
d. all of these
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Revising the War on Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. All of the following were identified as possible future sources of terrorism except for ______.
a. Latin America
b. the Middle East
c. North Korea
d. Western Europe
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The World in Conflict: Future Sources of Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. Possible policy options to combat the New Terrorism include which of the following?
a. The use of nuclear weapons
b. Declarations of war against terrorist groups
c. Eliminating ten extremists for each person they kill
d. Conciliatory options, if feasible
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Government Responses
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Carnivore was ______.
a. a covert military operation against suspected domestic extremists
b. a code-name for Edward Snowden
c. used by the Central Intelligence Agency to track suspected American extremists when they traveled abroad
d. one of the first successfully tested Internet surveillance technologies
Learning Objective: 12-3: Identify types of possible new threats posed by violent extremists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Case: Carnivore (DCS-1000)
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. Modern surveillance technologies are expected to continue to be used to access which of the following?
a. Telephone records and conversations
b. Computer communications such as email
c. Credit card records
d. All of these
Learning Objective: 12-3: Identify types of possible new threats posed by violent extremists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Counterterrorist Surveillance Technologies
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. Which of the following trends could serve as counterpoints to the continuation of dissident political violence in the near future?
a. There is no single binding or common ideological foundation for political violence.
b. International counterterrorist cooperation has thwarted numerous terrorist conspiracies.
c. Terrorists are likely to become fatigued and abandon their activities.
d. Both “there is no single binding or common ideological foundation for political violence” and “international counterterrorist cooperation has thwarted numerous terrorist conspiracies”
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Whither the “Old Terrorism”
Difficulty Level: Medium
True-False
1. Prisons are referred to as terminal institutions.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Intelligence and Law Enforcement
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Coercive measures used to counter terrorist tendencies are often only marginally successful.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Countering Extremism
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Religion will not be a major source of terrorist violence in the near future.
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Religious Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Intelligence agencies can hack into financial databases with minimal staff.
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: New Fronts in a New War
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. The threat from right-wing terrorism has disappeared in Europe and the United States.
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Ideological Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. The hawala system is based on trust.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: A Resilient Adversary
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Shadow wars require deploying military, paramilitary, and coercive covert assets to far regions of the world.
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: New Fronts in a New War
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Terrorists have proven to adapt to counterterrorist measures in creative ways.
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Chapter Summary
Difficulty Level: Easy
Short Answer
1. Briefly discuss the terrorist environment in the new millennium.
Learning Objective: 12-2: Discuss possible terrorist environments in the 21st century.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Terrorist Environments in the 21st Century
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. In your opinion, which government responses will prove to be most effective for countering terrorism? Explain your answer.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Government Responses
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. In your opinion, which societal responses will prove to be most effective for countering terrorism? Explain your answer.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Societal Responses
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. How likely is it that the “old terrorism” will be revived?
Learning Objective: 12-1: Discuss theoretical projections for the future of terrorism.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Whither the “Old” Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. What is the future of the violent right in Western democracies and the United States?
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Future of the Violent Left in the United States
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. How will the New Terrorism evolve in the near future?
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Various
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. How will governments counter terrorist financial operations in the near future?
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Countering Terrorist Financial Operations
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. In what ways are extremists using the Internet and other high technologies? In your opinion, what is the significance of extremist use of emerging technologies? What impact, if any, do you expect this to have on society?
Learning Objective: 12-3: Identify types of possible new threats posed by violent extremists.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Information Technologies
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. International cooperation is a critical necessity for controlling international terrorism. Discuss common interests that are likely to continue to promote cooperation. Also discuss international tensions that are likely to hinder cooperation.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case for International Cooperation
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Compare and contrast the potential for terrorist violence in the United States from the left and right. What type of potential violence could occur from each? In your opinion, which source of terrorist violence is more likely to occur? Explain your answers.
Learning Objective: 12-3: Identify types of possible new threats posed by violent extremists.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Various
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. Which new and creative government responses will have to be considered in the near future?
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Government Responses
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. Which soft targets are likely to emerge as terrorists adapt to counterterrorist measures?
Learning Objective: 12-3: Identify types of possible new threats posed by violent extremists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Soft Targets and Terrorist Symbolism
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. In your opinion, how can the international community collectively respond to new and emerging terrorist threats?
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Various
Difficulty Level: Hard
7. In your opinion, which regions will continue to experience the most likely incidence of terrorist threats?
Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe plausible scenarios for future terrorism in the United States.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The World in Conflict: Future Sources of Terrorism
Difficulty Level: Hard
8. Discuss the patterns commonly found in the decline and ending of terrorist campaigns.
Learning Objective: 12-4: Explain theoretical and plausible scenarios for ending terrorist campaigns.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: A Theoretical Model for Ending Terrorist Campaigns
Difficulty Level: Hard